scholarly journals Optimal Planning and Operation of a Residential Energy Community under Shared Electricity Incentives

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2045
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Garavaso ◽  
Fabio Bignucolo ◽  
Jacopo Vivian ◽  
Giulia Alessio ◽  
Michele De Carli
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Optimal Planning

Energy communities (ECs) are becoming increasingly common entities in power distribution networks. To promote local consumption of renewable energy sources, governments are supporting members of ECs with strong incentives on shared electricity. This policy encourages investments in the residential sector for building retrofit interventions and technical equipment renovations. In this paper, a general EC is modeled as an energy hub, which is deemed as a multi-energy system where different energy carriers are converted or stored to meet the building energy needs. Following the standardized matrix modeling approach, this paper introduces a novel methodology that aims at jointly identifying both optimal investments (planning) and optimal management strategies (operation) to supply the EC’s energy demand in the most convenient way under the current economic framework and policies. Optimal planning and operating results of five refurbishment cases for a real multi-family building are found and discussed, both in terms of overall cost and environmental impact. Simulation results verify that investing in building thermal efficiency leads to progressive electrification of end uses. It is demonstrated that the combination of improvements on building envelope thermal performances, photovoltaic (PV) generation, and heat pump results to be the most convenient refurbishment investment, allowing a 28% overall cost reduction compared to the benchmark scenario. Furthermore, incentives on shared electricity prove to stimulate higher renewable energy source (RES) penetration, reaching a significant reduction of emissions due to decreased net energy import.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of a Novel Hydrogen-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Both Grid-Tied and Off-Grid Power Supply in Japan: The Case of Fukushima Prefecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Takatsu ◽  
Hooman Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, energy security and vulnerability have become critical issues facing the Japanese energy system. The integration of renewable energy sources to meet specific regional energy demand is a promising scenario to overcome these challenges. To this aim, this paper proposes a novel hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), in which hydrogen fuel can be produced using both the methods of solar electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass feedstock. The produced hydrogen is considered to function as an energy storage medium by storing renewable energy until the fuel cell converts it to electricity. The proposed HRES is used to meet the electricity demand load requirements for a typical household in a selected residential area located in Shinchi-machi in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan. The techno-economic assessment of deploying the proposed systems was conducted, using an integrated simulation-optimization modeling framework, considering two scenarios: (1) minimization of the total cost of the system in an off-grid mode and (2) maximization of the total profit obtained from using renewable electricity and selling surplus solar electricity to the grid, considering the feed-in-tariff (FiT) scheme in a grid-tied mode. As indicated by the model results, the proposed HRES can generate about 47.3 MWh of electricity in all scenarios, which is needed to meet the external load requirement in the selected study area. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the system in scenarios 1 and 2 was estimated at 55.92 JPY/kWh and 56.47 JPY/kWh, respectively.

scholarly journals Design of Renewable Energy System for a House in St. John’s, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Khadodra ◽  
Md Habibur Rahaman ◽  
Mohsin Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Utility Companies

During this period of rising energy demand, utility companies are at a certain point in time, unable to satisfy the overall requirements of their entire consumer population. During this kind of situation, the system, which is, at a micro-scale, can also refer to a zero-energy building, which can also be very prominent in solving this problem. Another thing is that cries of non-renewable energy sources and most of the utility companies are majorly dependent on that kind of energy source, and it keeps along with issues of global warming. A renewable energy-based power system can solve this issue.  In this paper, the solution to this problem by introducing the microscale installation of a renewable energy source at the residential level has been presented. For that here, the area selected for this project is located in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, CANADA. Newfoundland is an island; hence, the proposed system would be beneficial here. Building this kind of system is the process of designing, selecting, and calculating the energy demand of equipment and, at last, synchronizing it with the grid to make it as zero energy building. This process depends upon a range of variables, including geographical location, load requirement, and solar irradiation. The required demand, system modeling, simulation, and techno-economic analysis are carried out by BEopt, HOEMR, and MATLAB software.

scholarly journals Study On Hybrid Systems, Grid Integrated Based On Renewable Energy Systems Driving Local Loads

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Satyam Kumar Prasun ◽  
Sanjeev Jararia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Local Loads ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Day By Day

The demand for electricity power is increasing day by day, which cannot be met  with  the satisfied  level without  non-renewable energy  resource. Renewable  energy sources  such as wind,  solar are universal and  ecological. These renewable energy  sources are best options to fulfill the world energy demand, but unpredictable due to natural conditions. The use of the hybrid solar and wind renewable energy system like will be the best option forthe utilization  these  available  resources.  The  objective  of  this  paper  is  to  study  the various aspects of hybrid solar and wind system. The application and different theories related to the development of hybrid also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Future Challenges in Energy Management System for Hybrid Renewable Energy System

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-919
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

Taking into consideration of continuously increasing consumption of the electricity and perturb towards environmental issues, renewable energy sources have been broadly used for generation of electricity. A Hybrid Energy System can be elucidated as systems which consist of various energy sources such as wind, solar, fuel cell, diesel generator and storage systems such as batteries to store energy are integrated and interconnected to satisfy the load energy demand. This paper infers the generation of electricity by utilizing the Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES). This paper presents the modelling and future challenges of the HRES.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of demand response programs on the reliability of the Ghanian distribution network

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248012
Author(s):  
Ernestina M. Amewornu ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
The Impact

The balancing of supplied energy to energy demand is often very challenging due to unstable power supply and demand load. This challenge causes the level of performance of distribution networks to be lower than expected. Research has however, shown the role of demand response (DR) on the performance of power networks. This work investigates the influence of DR, in the presence of incorporated renewable energy, on technical loss reduction, reliability, environment, energy saved and incentives paid to consumers with the help of PSAT and AIMMS software. Results from simulation have shown that the introduction of renewable energy into a Ghanaian distribution network coupled with implementing the proposed DR improves total energy supply by 9.8% at a corresponding operation cost reduction of 72.79%. The GHG and technical loss reduced by 27.26% and 10.09% respectively. The total energy saving is about 105kWh and 5,394.86kWh, for domestic and commercial loading profiles, respectively. Incentives received by consumers range between 45.14% and 58.55% more than that enjoyed, without renewable energy, by domestic and commercial consumers. The utility benefit also increased by 76.96% and 67.31% for domestic and commercial loads than that without renewable energy. Network reliability improves with implementation of DR. However, the reliability of a grid-connected network is better with a diesel generator only than with the integration of renewable energy. The power distribution companies, therefore, need to consider the implementation of incentive-based demand response program.

scholarly journals Enough Metals? Resource Constraints to Supply a Fully Renewable Energy System

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Moreau ◽  
Piero Dos Reis ◽  
François Vuille
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy System

The transition from a fossil fuel base to a renewable energy system relies on materials and, in particular, metals to manufacture and maintain energy conversion technologies. Supply constraints shift from fossil fuels to mineral resources. We assess the availability of metal reserves and resources to build an energy system based exclusively on renewable energy technologies. A mass balance of 29 metals embodied in renewable energy technologies is compiled in order to satisfy global energy demand, based on five authoritative energy scenarios for 2050. We expand upon these scenarios by modeling the storage capacity needed to support high shares of intermittent renewables (wind and solar). The metal requirements are then compared with the current demand and proven reserves and ultimate mineable resources. This allows us to distinguish between constraints related to renewable energy sources from those linked to technology mixes. The results show that proven reserves and, in specific cases, resources of several metals are insufficient to build a renewable energy system at the predicted level of global energy demand by 2050. The comparison between reserves and resources shows that scarcity relates sometimes more to techno economic supply than to raw material availability. Our results also highlight the importance of substitution among technologies and metals as well as the limited impact of recycling on the depletion of scarce metals.

RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHIGANG TIAN ◽  
AMIR AHMAD SEIFI
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy

A hybrid energy system integrates renewable energy sources like wind, solar, micro-hydro and biomass, fossil fuel power generators such as diesel generators and energy storage. Hybrid energy system is an excellent option for providing electricity for remote and rural locations where access to grid is not feasible or economical. Reliability and cost-effectiveness are the two most important objectives when designing a hybrid energy system. One challenge is that the existing methods do not consider the time-varying characteristics of the renewable sources and the energy demand over a year, while the distributions of a power source or demand are different over the period, and multiple power sources can often times complement one another. In this paper, a reliability analysis method is developed to address this challenge, where wind and solar are the two renewable energy sources that are considered. The cost evaluation of hybrid energy systems is presented. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the proposed method.

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