Cinara splendens (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae)—First Record in Palaearctic Region

Nearctic aphid Cinara splendens (Gillette and Palmer, 1924) was collected on ornamental Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in South Bohemia in 2009. It was the first record of this species in the Palaearctic region. The aim of this research was to study the bionomy of this species in Central Europe and to make descriptions of all available morphs, as previous morphological descriptions of C. splendens appeared to be incomplete. Six monitoring sites of this species were established in South Bohemia and were then regularly attended in the period of 2009–2019. The colonies of C. splendens were observed; its natural enemies and honeydew users were also registered. Aphids were collected for the microscope slide preparation, followed by the evaluation of thirty of the basic quantitative and seven qualitative morphological characteristics. Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α were used to confirm morphology-based identification and to compare samples from the Czech Republic with those of North American origin. Cinarasplendens survived successfully under new ecological conditions, but its population density remained quite low, except for 2009 and 2019, due to a synergistic effect of the dry weather and very high population density of the adelgid Gilletteella coweni (Gillette, 1907), which is a key pest of Douglas fir in the Czech Republic. The principle predators were coccinellid beetles, while the aphidophagous hover flies were less abundant. Together with a weak ability to migrate due to a low number of alate viviparous females in population, C. splendens cannot be a potential pest of P. menziesii in Central Europe.

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Acomopterella martinovskyi sp. n., the first Palaearctic record of the genus Acomopterella Zaitzev (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1968.1.6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1968 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JAN ŠEVČÍK ◽

PETER J. CHANDLER

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

New Species ◽

First Record ◽

Palaearctic Region ◽

New Combination ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

A New Species

A new species of Mycetophilidae (Diptera), Acomopterella martinovskyi sp. n., is described from the Czech Republic and Austria. This is the first record of the genus from the Palaearctic region. Its relationships with other genera and variation in wing characters are briefly discussed. A new combination and synonymy is proposed: Acomopterella fallax (Sherman, 1921) comb.n. = Acomopterella arnaudi Zaitzev, 1989 syn.n.

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First Report of Phoma exigua var. populi Causing Canker of Twigs and Shoots of Poplar in the Czech Republic

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-92-10-1473a ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 92 (10) ◽

pp. 1473-1473

Author(s):

K. Cerny ◽

M. Malinova ◽

M. Tomsovsky ◽

V. Strnadova ◽

V. Holub ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Aerial Mycelium ◽

First Record ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Agar Plug ◽

Southern Moravia ◽

Host Tissues ◽

Populus Spp

During 2007 and the spring of 2008, a disease of poplars (Populus spp.) resembling the Dothichiza canker was found in plantations of fast-growing trees in central Bohemia and in southern Moravia where it was more abundant. The yellowish brown-to-brown, round or elongated cankers occurred on damaged shoots and twigs. Tissues directly under the bark were discolored and turned black. As the cankers enlarged, infected shoots and twigs died after several months. Small, black, gregarious pycnidia were observed under the bark or in lenticels after several weeks. The disease occurred on Populus nigra, P. × euroamericana cvs. Regenerata, Robusta, Brabantica, Spreewald, CZ-425/58, Blanc du Poitou, and Flaschlanden, and other Populus spp. Isolates of a species of Phoma were acquired by culturing damaged tissues on agar plates containing 3% oatmeal agar (OA) and 2% malt agar. Initial identification of the isolates was done by cultural and morphological characteristics (1). Colonies were floccose, aerial mycelium was olivaceous gray to gray, reverse olivaceous gray sometimes with darker tones at the margins or in the colony center, and NaOH reaction was negative. The growth rate was 42 to 56 in diameter after 7 days at 20°C on OA (optimum temperature for growth was 22°C with a minimum of 1°C and a maximum of 28 to 29°C). Pycnidia in culture scattered, were globose or subglobose, obviously with one nonpapillate ostiolum, olivaceous black or black, 120 to 370 μm in diameter, and conidial exudate was whitish. Phialides were globose to ampulliform and 3 to 7 × 3 to 6 μm. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoidal, often guttulate, 3.1 to 7.8 × 1.9 to 3.1 μm, and L/B ratio 1.4:3.1. Septate conidia occurred only on natural substrate up to 10.6 × 3.9 μm. Morphological and cultural characteristics resembled those of P. exiqua var. populi Gruyter & P. Scheer (1). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence (GenBank Accession No EU562206) for the representative isolate (CCF No 3759) confirmed 100% identity to P. exigua. Pathogenicity was confirmed with 1-year-old P. nigra plants during a 2-month greenhouse experiment at 15 to 20°C. Fifteen replicate plants were wounded (5-mm diameter), inoculated with 5-mm OA plugs from actively growing colonies (isolate CCF No 3759), and sealed by Parafilming. An additional 15 control plants following wounding were inoculated with a sterile agar plug. After 3 to 4 weeks, yellowish or brownish necrotic lesions ranging from 1 to 1.5 cm long developed on all inoculated plants. The pathogen was successfully reisolated from lesions and the control plants were asymptomatic. P. exigua var. populi is considered an opportunistic poplar and willow pathogen (2) that becomes more important in winter (1). The pathogen potentially invades host tissues damaged by frost, sun scald, or weakened by excessive transpiration during sunny winter days. To our knowledge, this is the first record of the pathogen on poplars in the Czech Republic, which may have an economic impact on short-rotation coppice plantations. References: (1) J. de Gruyter and P. Scheer. J. Phytopathol. 146:411, 1998. (2) H. A. van der Aa et al. Persoonia 17:435, 2000.

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Additions and corrections to “The Muscidae of Central Europe” II. Two new species of Spilogona (Diptera, Muscidae)

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-007-0117-1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

Author(s):

František Gregor ◽

Rudolf Rozkošný

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

New Species ◽

Central Europe ◽

Identification Key ◽

Palaearctic Region ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Two New Species ◽

Male Head ◽

Russian Karelia

AbstractTwo species of Spilogona, S. angustigena sp. n. and S. tatrica sp. n., are described from the Czech Republic and Slovakia, respectively. Both species are characterised by a gynaecomorphic shape of the male head, i.e., by a broad frons and the presence of a pair of orbital setae. Three species with this type of head are already known in the Palaearctic region: S. karelica (Tiensuu, 1935) from Russian Karelia, S. lapponica (Ringdahl, 1932) occurring in Norway and Sweden and redescribed here from material collected recently in Russia and Sweden, and S. spinicosta (Stein, 1907) from Tibet. All five species are compared and a new identification key is given. Apart from the external similarity of the male heads, the species under study are hardly closely related and their dichoptic heads may be explained as a homoplasy among similar ecomorpha.

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Genetic confirmation of Aricia artaxerxes (Fabricius, 1793) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) in the Czech Republic, its conservation significance and biogeographic context

Nota Lepidopterologica ◽

10.3897/nl.42.38853 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 163-176

Author(s):

Alena Sucháčková Bartoňová ◽

Jiří Beneš ◽

Zdeněk Faltýnek Fric ◽

Martin Konvička

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Cytochrome C ◽

Central Asia ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Central Europe ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Czech Population ◽

South Bohemia

We report here the first molecular evidence for the occurrence of Aricia artaxerxes (Fabricius, 1793) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in the Czech Republic. In Central Europe, this species may co-occur with its more common sibling, Aricia agestis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775). We sequenced the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 of darkly-coloured, putative A. artaxerxes specimens in the Czech Republic. We confirmed A. artaxerxes only from a limestone area in South Bohemia (Vyšenské kopce National Nature Reserve), which is probably the only locality of the species in the Czech Republic. This area is located at ca. 550 m A.S.L., showing that the elevation overlap with A. agestis could be high in Central Europe. Other surveyed individuals were confirmed as A. agestis, with a minimum p-distance of 1.98% between the two species. The South Bohemian area of occurrence is probably highly isolated (approx. 190 km) from localities of the species in neighbouring countries, highlighting the conservation importance of the A. artaxerxes population and of the insular calcareous areas in the Šumava Mountains foothills. We used database sequences of A. artaxerxes to place the Czech population into a wider phylogeographic context. The Czech population is monomorphic, consisting of a single haplotype, which is present from Scandinavia through Germany to Central Asia.

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Citizen science reveals the current distribution of the new plant pest Aphis nerii in Slovakia

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/46/2019-pps ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 101-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adrián Purkart ◽

Łukasz Depa ◽

Jozef Kollár ◽

Martin Suvák ◽

Milada Holecová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Central Europe ◽

First Record ◽

Distribution Data ◽

Asclepias Syriaca ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Aphis Nerii ◽

Plant Pest ◽

New Distribution

This paper presents the first record of the oleander aphid (Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841; Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Slovakia, and also one of the most northern record of this natural pest on the invasive common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca Linnaeus.; Apocynaceae) in Central Europe. Modern social media crowdsourcing has achieved comprehensive distribution data in the horticultural community, and a total of 35 new distribution sites were discovered in 28 Slovak settlements, one new site in Austria, and one in the Czech Republic. It was further established that the oleander aphid could survive in anthropogenic refuges during the winter months.

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Occurrence of Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) on pines (Pinus sp.) in the Czech Republic and southern Poland – Short Communication

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/18/2008-jfs ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 234-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Holuša ◽

W. Grodzki

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Population Density ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Host Plant ◽

Central Europe ◽

Short Communication ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Southern Poland ◽

Ips Duplicatus ◽

Long Time

Spruce is regarded as the only host plant of Ips duplicatus in Central Europe, whereas this beetle exceptionally occurs on pine in Siberia. Its occurrence on Pinus strobes and Pinus sylvestris was discovered in the eastern part of the Czech Republic and in southern Poland, where the population density of Ips duplicatus has been increased for a long time on Norway spruce. However, all cases concerned only single trees which were growing in forest complexes with spruce dominance. The most likely explanation is merely a consequence of the typical host plant shortage.

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Diptera associated with sporocarps of Meripilus giganteus in an urban habitat

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-013-0119-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 143-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jindřich Roháček ◽

Jan Ševčík

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Central Europe ◽

Dominant Species ◽

First Record ◽

Host Specialization ◽

Urban Habitat ◽

Qualitative Composition ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

High Species Richness ◽

First Time

AbstractThe Diptera community associated with fruit bodies of the wood-decaying fungus Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst., 1882 was investigated in two city parks in Opava (Czech Republic, Central Europe) during the years 2009 and 2010. A total of 10,451 adult specimens of Diptera belonging to 66 species and 17 families emerged from this fungus during our rearing experiments. The six most dominant species, Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen, 1830) (D=50.70%), Drosophila funebris (Fabricius, 1787) (D=21.40%), Logima satchelli (Quate, 1955) (D =14.16%), Forcipomyia squamigera Kieffer, 1916 (D=5.48%), Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour, 1839) (D=2.96%) and Apteromyia claviventris (Strobl, 1909) (D=0.95%) represented 95.65% of all reared specimens. Altogether 59 species were reared from M. giganteus for the first time. Comments on host specialization, degree of synynthropy and other aspects of biology of particular species are provided. The qualitative composition of the fly community associated with M. giganteus in an urban habitat, causes of high species richness, and the predominance of polysaprophagous species in the reared material are discussed. The accidentally reared {itOrnitholeria nidicola} Frey, 1930 (Chiropteromyzidae) represents the first family record from the Czech Republic and the first record of the species from Central Europe.

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