Diptera associated with sporocarps of Meripilus giganteus in an urban habitat

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Roháček ◽  
Jan Ševčík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe Diptera community associated with fruit bodies of the wood-decaying fungus Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst., 1882 was investigated in two city parks in Opava (Czech Republic, Central Europe) during the years 2009 and 2010. A total of 10,451 adult specimens of Diptera belonging to 66 species and 17 families emerged from this fungus during our rearing experiments. The six most dominant species, Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen, 1830) (D=50.70%), Drosophila funebris (Fabricius, 1787) (D=21.40%), Logima satchelli (Quate, 1955) (D =14.16%), Forcipomyia squamigera Kieffer, 1916 (D=5.48%), Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour, 1839) (D=2.96%) and Apteromyia claviventris (Strobl, 1909) (D=0.95%) represented 95.65% of all reared specimens. Altogether 59 species were reared from M. giganteus for the first time. Comments on host specialization, degree of synynthropy and other aspects of biology of particular species are provided. The qualitative composition of the fly community associated with M. giganteus in an urban habitat, causes of high species richness, and the predominance of polysaprophagous species in the reared material are discussed. The accidentally reared {itOrnitholeria nidicola} Frey, 1930 (Chiropteromyzidae) represents the first family record from the Czech Republic and the first record of the species from Central Europe.

scholarly journals Relation of genetic phylogeny and geographical distance of tick-borne encephalitis virus in central Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1906-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Weidmann ◽  
D. Růžek ◽  
K. Křivanec ◽  
G. Zöller ◽  
S. Essbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important arboviral agent causing disease of the central nervous system in central Europe. In this study, 61 TBEV E gene sequences derived from 48 isolates from the Czech Republic, and four isolates and nine TBEV strains detected in ticks from Germany, covering more than half a century from 1954 to 2009, were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic and Bayesian phylodynamic analysis to determine the phylogeography of TBEV in central Europe. The general Eurasian continental east-to-west pattern of the spread of TBEV was confirmed at the regional level but is interlaced with spreading that arises because of local geography and anthropogenic influence. This spread is reflected by the disease pattern in the Czech Republic that has been observed since 1991. The overall evolutionary rate was estimated to be approximately 8×10−4 substitutions per nucleotide per year. The analysis of the TBEV E genes of 11 strains isolated at one natural focus in Žďár Kaplice proved for the first time that TBEV is indeed subject to local evolution.

Chrysoclista karsholti, sp. n., from Turkey, and a new record of C. germanica from central Europe (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae: Parametriotinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4568 (3) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
JAN ŠUMPICH ◽  
JOSEF JAROŠ
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Record ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Single Male ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
First Time

Chrysoclista karsholti Šumpich, sp. n., is described from a single male collected in Turkey. This species most resembles C. germanica Šumpich & Huemer, 2016, but differs in the colouration of the dorsum of the forewing and in the shape of the valva in the male genitalia. Differences in the DNA barcode region between these two species are rather low compared to differences between other species of the genus. Chrysoclista germanica, previously known only from the holotype, is recorded from the Czech Republic for the first time. An updated checklist of western Palaearctic Chrysoclista Stainton, 1854 is provided. 

The Distribution, Ecology and Conservational Status of the Lichen Genus Biatora in Central Europe

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Printzen ◽  
Zdeněk Palice
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Herbarium Material ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Distributional Range ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Alpine Species ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe genus Biatora is still undercollected in many parts of its distributional range. On the basis of recent collections made by the authors and additional herbarium material not studied previously, more detailed statements on the ecology, distribution and conservational status of Biatora species in Central Europe are possible. Distribution maps are provided for B. fallax, B. mendax, B. ocelliformis, B. rufidula, B. sphaeroidiza, and B. vernalis. Biatora species are almost exclusively non-saxicolous and, in general, prefer humid habitats. Many species are chionophilous and extremely shade-tolerant. Three main distributional patterns can be observed: (sub-)arctic-alpine species, sub-oceanic-montane species, and species of montane coniferous or mixed coniferous forests. Biatora efflorescens, B. flavopunctata and B. subduplex are relatively frequent species and are not threatened. Biatora rufidula and B. vacciniicola must be regarded as extinct in Central Europe. The following species are reported for the first time from the respective countries: B. chrysantha from Romania, B. efflorescens from Romania and Ukraine, B. fallax from Austria and Ukraine, B. mendax from the Czech Republic, B. ocelliformis from Romania, and B. sphaeroidiza from Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic and Romania.

scholarly journals Cinara splendens (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae)—First Record in Palaearctic Region

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Jan Havelka ◽  
Jekaterina Havelka ◽  
Petr Starý
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
South Bohemia

Nearctic aphid Cinara splendens (Gillette and Palmer, 1924) was collected on ornamental Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in South Bohemia in 2009. It was the first record of this species in the Palaearctic region. The aim of this research was to study the bionomy of this species in Central Europe and to make descriptions of all available morphs, as previous morphological descriptions of C. splendens appeared to be incomplete. Six monitoring sites of this species were established in South Bohemia and were then regularly attended in the period of 2009–2019. The colonies of C. splendens were observed; its natural enemies and honeydew users were also registered. Aphids were collected for the microscope slide preparation, followed by the evaluation of thirty of the basic quantitative and seven qualitative morphological characteristics. Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α were used to confirm morphology-based identification and to compare samples from the Czech Republic with those of North American origin. Cinarasplendens survived successfully under new ecological conditions, but its population density remained quite low, except for 2009 and 2019, due to a synergistic effect of the dry weather and very high population density of the adelgid Gilletteella coweni (Gillette, 1907), which is a key pest of Douglas fir in the Czech Republic. The principle predators were coccinellid beetles, while the aphidophagous hover flies were less abundant. Together with a weak ability to migrate due to a low number of alate viviparous females in population, C. splendens cannot be a potential pest of P. menziesii in Central Europe.

scholarly journals Sporophyte records of the moss Dicranum tauricum Sapjegin in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Skoupá ◽  
Jan Kučera ◽  
Lucie Fialová ◽  
Vítězslav Plášek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Sporophytes were for the first time recorded in three populations of Dicranum tauricum in the Czech Republic. Until now, such records were extremely scarce in Central Europe. Two populations observed concurrently at nearby localities were found in markedly different phenophases, whereas two populations observed at different localities in spring and autumn seemed to develop synchronously. The sporophytes are illustrated with conventional and SEM photography.

scholarly journals New findings of trematodes of the superfamily Echinostomatoidea Looss, 1899 in birds from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-371
Author(s):  
J. Sitko
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Larus Cachinnans ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Mergus Merganser ◽  
Gallinago Gallinago ◽  
First Time

Summary In the Czech Republic, 12 freshly dead birds belonging to four species were examined helminthologically during a period of 2015 – 2019. They were six Caspian gulls Larus cachinnans (Lariformes), three goosanders Mergus merganser (Anseriformes), two common snipes Gallinago gallinago, and one common curlew Numenius arquata (Charadriiformes). Concerning trematodes, five echinostomatoids species were found, namely Aporchis massiliensis (obtained from one positive Caspian gull), Echinoparyphium macrovitellatum (one positive from six Caspian gulls), Echinostoma academica (one positive common curlew), Echinostoma stantschinskii (one positive from two common snipes), and Echinochasmus mergi (one positive from three goosanders). All the five echinostomatoids species represent the first records for the helminth fauna of the Czech Republic; the fl ukes A. massiliensis and E. macrovitellatum are recorded for the first time in the Central Europe or the Europe at all, respectively.

scholarly journals First Report of Pseudoperonospora cubensis on Cucurbita moschata in the Czech Republic

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 878-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pavelková ◽  
A. Lebeda ◽  
B. Sedláková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Pseudoperonospora Cubensis ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
First Time

Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Rostovzev, the causal agent of cucurbit downy mildew, was observed for the first time on Cucurbita moschata Duchesne in the Czech Republic (CR) in August 2009 and repeatedly in September 2010. Recently, C. moschata has not been an economically important crop in the CR; however, related crops C. pepo and C. maxima have increased in importance. Infected plants with P. cubensis were found in two locations: in a hobby garden in north Moravia (Nový Jičín – Kojetín [49°33′48.088″N, 17°59′16.632″E], 2009 and 2010) and in a commercial field in central Moravia (Olomouc-Holice [49°34′31.95″N, 17°17′35.462″E], 2010). The pathogen caused small, angular, yellowish or pale green lesions on the upper leaf surfaces and produced sporangiophores and sporangia on the lower leaf surfaces. The lesions were delimited by leaf veins and later turned necrotic. Sporangiophores were hyaline, branched, and emerged in groups from stomata. Olive brown-to-dark brown sporangia were ellipsoidal to oblong. Our morphological observations confirmed that the pathogen was P. cubensis (2). No previous reports are available of P. cubensis on C. moschata in CR or anywhere in Central Europe. However, P. cubensis is common on C. moschata in some parts of Asia and the United States (1,2). P. cubensis exhibiting clear host specialization has been reported in different countries and geographic areas (2). A C. moschata isolate (PC 88/2009) originating from the naturally infected plants was inoculated (1 × 105 spores per ml and incubation temperature of 18/15°C during light/dark cycles) according to the methodology described by Lebeda and Urban (3) onto the abaxial surface of leaf discs of all genotypes of a differential set of cucurbits for P. cubensis pathotype determination (4). C. moschata (line Novo5, Nohel-Garden, CR) was added to this set. The isolate PC 88/2009 was highly pathogenic to all screened Cucurbita spp. genotypes (C. pepo, C. maxima, and C. moschata). However, no infection was detected on most of the Cucumis accessions; only Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. conomon was susceptible. Also, no infection was observed on other differentials (Citrullus, Benincasa, Luffa, and Lagenaria). The pathotype was classified as Pc 4/15/0. This pathotype had not been previously detected in CR. References: (1) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved from http://nt.arsgrin. gov/fungaldatabases/ . December 16, 2010. (2) A. Lebeda and Y. Cohen. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 129:157, 2011. (3) A. Lebeda and J. Urban. Page 285 in: Mass Screening Techniques for Selecting Crops Resistant to Disease. M. M. Spencer and A. Lebeda, eds. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria, 2010 (4) A. Lebeda and M. P. Widrlechner. J. Plant Dis. Protect. 110:337, 2003.

scholarly journals First record of Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from the Czech Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumari ◽  
M. Chaloupková ◽  
M. Jokeš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Euonymus Europaeus ◽  
First Time

AbstractLongidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 was recorded in the Czech Republic for the first time in the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia at Dolní Bojanovice and Carpinus betulus — Euonymus europaeus — Quercus sp. at Strážovice. The morphological and morphometrical characteristics are studied.

scholarly journals Trematodes of herons (Aves: Ciconiiformes) in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sitko
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Breeding Ground ◽  
Wintering Grounds ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nycticorax Nycticorax ◽  
Ardea Cinerea ◽  
Ixobrychus Minutus ◽  
First Time ◽  
South Europe

AbstractA survey of 29 species of trematodes found in the Czech Republic in 530 herons of 8 species: Ardea cinerea 436 species examined (21 species of digeneas determined), A. purpurea 2 (4), Egretta alba 34 (7), E. garzetta 2 (3), Nycticorax nycticorax 28 (2), Ixobrychus minutus 19 (0), Botaurus stellaris 8 (5), Ardeola ralloides 1 (3) is presented. The species recorded for the first time in the Central Europe — Clinostomum heluans, Nephrostomum ramosum and Pygorchis affixus which has been brought from the wintering grounds in Africa, Echinochasmus militaris and Saakotrema metatestis brought by juvenile birds from breeding ground in the South Europe. Ophiosoma patagiatum and Posthodiplostomum brevicaudatum found for the first time in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Citizen science reveals the current distribution of the new plant pest Aphis nerii in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Purkart ◽  
Łukasz Depa ◽  
Jozef Kollár ◽  
Martin Suvák ◽  
Milada Holecová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
First Record ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Aphis Nerii ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
New Distribution

This paper presents the first record of the oleander aphid (Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841; Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Slovakia, and also one of the most northern record of this natural pest on the invasive common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca Linnaeus.;  Apocynaceae) in Central Europe. Modern social media crowdsourcing has achieved comprehensive distribution data in the horticultural community, and a total of 35 new distribution sites were discovered in 28 Slovak settlements, one new site in Austria, and one in the Czech Republic. It was further established that the oleander aphid could survive in anthropogenic refuges during the winter months.

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