scholarly journals Electromagnetic Precursors of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Counterparts of Gravitational Waves

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Jie-Shuang Wang ◽  
Liang-Duan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Local Universe ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Electromagnetic Precursors

Precursor emissions are found in some short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). In this paper, we review the theories and observations of the SGRB precursor and discuss its prospect as an electromagnetic counterpart of the gravitational wave event produced by neutron star (NS) mergers. The observed luminosity, spectrum, and duration of precursors are explained by the magnetospheric interaction model during the inspiral or the cocoon/jet shock breakout model during the jet propagation. In general, these two models predict that the precursor will be weaker than the main GRB, but will be of a larger opening angle, which makes it an advantageous gamma-ray counterpart for NS mergers in the local Universe, especially for NS - black hole mergers with very low mass ratios, in which the main GRBs are not expected. The joint observation of the precursor, SGRB, and gravitational wave will help to reveal the jet launch mechanism and post-merger remnant.

scholarly journals Neutrino fluence from gamma-ray bursts: off-axis view of structured jets

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (4) ◽  
pp. 4935-4943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Ahlers ◽  
Lea Halser
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Angular Dependence ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Axis View

ABSTRACT We investigate the expected high-energy neutrino fluence from internal shocks produced in the relativistic outflow of gamma-ray bursts. Previous model predictions have primarily focused on on-axis observations of uniform jets. Here, we present a generalization to account for arbitrary viewing angles and jet structures. Based on this formalism, we provide an improved scaling relation that expresses off-axis neutrino fluences in terms of on-axis model predictions. We also find that the neutrino fluence from structured jets can exhibit a strong angular dependence relative to that of gamma-rays and can be far more extended. We examine this behaviour in detail for the recent short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A observed in coincidence with the gravitational wave event GW170817.

scholarly journals A Late-time Galaxy-targeted Search for the Radio Counterpart of GW190814

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
K. D. Alexander ◽  
G. Schroeder ◽  
K. Paterson ◽  
W. Fong ◽  
P. Cowperthwaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Compact Object ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Magnetic Field Energy ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Wave Event

Abstract GW190814 was a compact object binary coalescence detected in gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo that garnered exceptional community interest due to its excellent localization and the uncertain nature of the binary’s lighter-mass component (either the heaviest known neutron star, or the lightest known black hole). Despite extensive follow-up observations, no electromagnetic counterpart has been identified. Here, we present new radio observations of 75 galaxies within the localization volume at Δt ≈ 35–266 days post-merger. Our observations cover ∼32% of the total stellar luminosity in the final localization volume and extend to later timescales than previously reported searches, allowing us to place the deepest constraints to date on the existence of a radio afterglow from a highly off-axis relativistic jet launched during the merger (assuming that the merger occurred within the observed area). For a viewing angle of ∼46° (the best-fit binary inclination derived from the gravitational wave signal) and assumed electron and magnetic field energy fractions of ϵ e = 0.1 and ϵ B = 0.01, we can rule out a typical short gamma-ray burst-like Gaussian jet with an opening angle of 15° and isotropic-equivalent kinetic energy 2 × 1051 erg propagating into a constant-density medium n ≳ 0.1 cm−3. These are the first limits resulting from a galaxy-targeted search for a radio counterpart to a gravitational wave event, and we discuss the challenges—and possible advantages—of applying similar search strategies to future events using current and upcoming radio facilities.

scholarly journals Unveiling the enigma of ATLAS17aeu

2019 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. A81
Author(s):  
A. Melandri ◽  
A. Rossi ◽  
S. Benetti ◽  
V. D’Elia ◽  
S. Piranomonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Spectral Energy Distribution ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
Binary Black Hole ◽  
Wave Event ◽  
Optical Light Curve

Aims. The unusual transient ATLAS17aeu was serendipitously detected within the sky localisation of the gravitational wave trigger GW 170104. The importance of a possible association with gravitational waves coming from a binary black hole merger led to an extensive follow-up campaign, with the aim of assessing a possible connection with GW 170104. Methods. With several telescopes, we carried out both photometric and spectroscopic observations of ATLAS17aeu, for several epochs, between ∼3 and ∼230 days after the first detection. Results. We studied in detail the temporal and spectroscopic properties of ATLAS17aeu and its host galaxy. Although at low significance and not conclusive, we found similarities to the spectral features of a broad-line supernova superposed onto an otherwise typical long-GRB afterglow. Based on analysis of the optical light curve, spectrum, and host galaxy spectral energy distribution, we conclude that the redshift of the source is probably z ≃ 0.5 ± 0.2. Conclusions. While the redshift range we have determined is marginally compatible with that of the gravitational wave event, the presence of a supernova component and the consistency of this transient with the Ep–Eiso correlation support the conclusion that ATLAS17aeu was associated with the long gamma-ray burst GRB 170105A. This rules out the association of the GRB 170105A/ATLAS17aeu transient with the gravitational wave event GW 170104, which was due to a binary black hole merger.

Black Hole Spin Evolution: Implications for Short‐Hard Gamma‐Ray Bursts and Gravitational Wave Detection

2008 ◽  
Vol 682 (1) ◽  
pp. 474-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Belczynski ◽  
Ronald E. Taam ◽  
Emmanouela Rantsiou ◽  
Marc van der Sluys
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Gravitational Wave Detection ◽  
Wave Detection ◽  
Black Hole Spin ◽  
Spin Evolution

scholarly journals Interpreting the X-ray afterglows of gamma-ray bursts with radiative losses and millisecond magnetars

2020 ◽  
Vol 499 (4) ◽  
pp. 5986-5992
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sarin ◽  
Paul D Lasky ◽  
Gregory Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Dipole Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiative Efficiency ◽  
Central Engine ◽  
Radiative Losses ◽  
Wave Emission ◽  
Prompt Emission

ABSTRACT The spin-down energy of millisecond magnetars has been invoked to explain X-ray afterglow observations of a significant fraction of short and long gamma-ray bursts. Here, we extend models previously introduced in the literature, incorporating radiative losses with the spin-down of a magnetar central engine through an arbitrary braking index. Combining this with a model for the tail of the prompt emission, we show that our model can better explain the data than millisecond-magnetar models without radiative losses or those that invoke spin-down solely through vacuum dipole radiation. We find that our model predicts a subset of X-ray flares seen in some gamma-ray bursts. We can further explain the diversity of X-ray plateaus by altering the radiative efficiency and measure the braking index of newly born millisecond magnetars. We measure the braking index of GRB061121 as $n=4.85^{+0.11}_{-0.15}$ suggesting the millisecond-magnetar born in this gamma-ray burst spins down predominantly through gravitational-wave emission.

scholarly journals Variabilities of gamma-ray bursts from black hole hyper-accretion discs

2016 ◽  
Vol 463 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-Bin Lin ◽  
Zu-Jia Lu ◽  
Hui-Jun Mu ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Shu-Jin Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Accretion Discs

scholarly journals GRANDMA: A NETWORK TO COORDINATE THEM ALL

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
S. Agayeva ◽  
S. Alishov ◽  
S. Antier ◽  
V. R. Ayvazian ◽  
J. M. Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
International Project ◽  
Optical Counterpart ◽  
Transient Source ◽  
Transient Sources ◽  
Imaging Strategy ◽  
Initial Results

GRANDMA is an international project that coordinates telescope observations of transient sources with large localization uncertainties. Such sources include gravitational wave events, gamma-ray bursts and neutrino events. GRANDMA currently coordinates 25 telescopes (70 scientists), with the aim of optimizing the imaging strategy to maximize the probability of identifying an optical counterpart of a transient source. This paper describes the motivation for the project, organizational structure, methodology and initial results.

scholarly journals Formation Rates of Black Hole Accretion Disk Gamma‐Ray Bursts

1999 ◽  
Vol 526 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris L. Fryer ◽  
S. E. Woosley ◽  
Dieter H. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Accretion Disk ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Black Hole Accretion ◽  
Black Hole Accretion Disk ◽  
Hole Accretion
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