Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Alfalfa Response to Thrips Infection

Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major insect pest for alfalfa which can result in decreased plant nutrients, low yields, and even plant death. To identify the differentially expressed genes and metabolites in response to thrips in alfalfa, a combination of metabolomics and transcriptomics was employed using alfalfa (Caoyuan No. 2) with and without thrips infestation. The results showed that the flavonoid biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathways were the most significantly enriched pathways in response to thrips infection, as shown by the combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis. The transcriptome results showed that SA and JA signal transduction and PAPM-triggered immunity and the MAPK signaling pathway–plant pathways played a crucial role in thrips-induced plant resistance in alfalfa. In addition, we found that thrips infestation could also induce numerous changes in plant primary metabolism, such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism as compared to the control. Overall, our results described here should improve fundamental knowledge of molecular responses to herbivore-inducible plant defenses and contribute to the design of strategies against thrips in alfalfa.

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Differential Molecular Responses of Rice and Wheat Coleoptiles to Anoxia Reveal Novel Metabolic Adaptations in Amino Acid Metabolism for Tissue Tolerance

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.111.175570 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 156 (4) ◽

pp. 1706-1724 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Rachel N. Shingaki-Wells ◽

Shaobai Huang ◽

Nicolas L. Taylor ◽

Adam J. Carroll ◽

Wenxu Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Molecular Responses ◽

Metabolic Adaptations

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Sink/Source Balance of Leaves Influences Amino Acid Pools and Their Associated Metabolic Fluxes in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo10040150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Younès Dellero ◽

Maud Heuillet ◽

Nathalie Marnet ◽

Floriant Bellvert ◽

Pierre Millard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

De Novo ◽

Vegetative Stage ◽

Primary Metabolism ◽

Winter Oilseed Rape ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

The Impact

Nitrogen remobilization processes from source to sink tissues in plants are determinant for seed yield and their implementation results in a complete reorganization of the primary metabolism during sink/source transition. Here, we decided to characterize the impact of the sink/source balance on amino acid metabolism in the leaves of winter oilseed rape grown at the vegetative stage. We combined a quantitative metabolomics approach with an instationary 15N-labeling experiment by using [15N]L-glycine as a metabolic probe on leaf ranks with a gradual increase in their source status. We showed that the acquisition of the source status by leaves was specifically accompanied by a decrease in asparagine, glutamine, proline and S-methyl-l-cysteine sulphoxide contents and an increase in valine and threonine contents. Dynamic analysis of 15N enrichment and concentration of amino acids revealed gradual changes in the dynamics of amino acid metabolism with respect to the sink/source status of leaf ranks. Notably, nitrogen assimilation into valine, threonine and proline were all decreased in source leaves compared to sink leaves. Overall, our results suggested a reduction in de novo amino acid biosynthesis during sink/source transition at the vegetative stage.

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Red Light Regulates the Metabolite Biosynthesis in the Leaves of “Huangjinya” Through Amino Acid and Phenylpropanoid Metabolisms

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.810888 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qingping Ma ◽

Laichao Song ◽

Zhanhai Niu ◽

Jingshan Li ◽

Yu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Red Light ◽

Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽

Metabolome Analysis ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

“Huangjinya” is a light-sensitive albino variety and is widely cultivated in China. It has been proved that red light could promote the vegetable growth of plants. However, the mechanism of “Huangjinya” in response to a red light is unclear. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the transcriptome of tender shoots of “Huangjinya” under the white and red light supplement conditions. At the same time, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to analyze metabolite changes under different light conditions. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a total of 174 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after the red light supplement. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) classification indicated that amino acid metabolism enriched the most DEGs. In addition, two phenylpropanoid metabolism-related genes and five glutathione S-transferase genes (CsGSTs) were found to be expressed differently. Metabolome analysis revealed that 193 differential metabolites were obtained. Being the same as transcriptome analysis, most differential metabolites were enriched in amino acids, sweet and umami tasting amino acids were increased, and bitter-tasting amino acids were decreased after the red light supplement. In summary, red light supplementary treatment may be propitious to the quality of “Huangjinya” due to its regulatory effect on amino acid metabolism. Also, CsGSTs involved phenylpropanoid metabolism contributed to tea quality changes in “Huangjinya.”

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Comparative Analysis of Expression Profiles in Shoots and Roots of Tomato Systemically Infected by Tomato spotted wilt virus Reveals Organ-Specific Transcriptional Responses

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-22-12-1504 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 1504-1513 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Marco Catoni ◽

Laura Miozzi ◽

Valentina Fiorilli ◽

Luisa Lanfranco ◽

Gian Paolo Accotto

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Primary Metabolism ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Organ Specific ◽

Wilt Virus

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon), a model species for the family Solanaceae, is severely affected by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) worldwide. To elucidate the systemic transcriptional response of plants to TSWV infection, microarray experiments were performed on tomato. Parallel analysis of both shoots and roots revealed organ-specific responses, although the virus was present in similar concentration. In the shoots, genes related to defense and to signal transduction were induced, while there was general repression of genes related to primary and secondary metabolism as well as to amino acid metabolism. In roots, expression of genes involved in primary metabolism and signal transduction appear unaffected by TSWV infection, while those related to the response to biotic stimuli were induced and those associated to the response to abiotic stress were generally repressed or unaltered. Genes related to amino acid metabolism were unaffected, except for those involved in synthesis of secondary compounds, where induction was evident. Differential expression of genes involved in metabolism and response to ethylene and abscisic acid was observed in the two organs. Our results provide new insight into the biology of the economically important interaction between tomato and TSWV.

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