scholarly journals Genetic Distribution of Five Spinocerebellar Ataxia Microsatellite Loci in Mexican Native American Populations and Its Impact on Contemporary Mestizo Populations

Genes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Rocío Gómez ◽  
Yessica S. Tapia-Guerrero ◽  
Bulmaro Cisneros ◽  
Lorena Orozco ◽  
César Cerecedo-Zapata ◽  
...  

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) conform a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance. Five of the most frequent SCAs are caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the exons of specific genes. The SCAs incidence and the distribution of polymorphic CAG alleles vary among populations and ethnicities. Thus, characterization of the genetic architecture of ethnically diverse populations, which have undergone recent admixture and demographic events, could facilitate the identification of genetic risk factors. Owing to the great ethnic diversity of the Mexican population, this study aimed to analyze the allele frequencies of five SCA microsatellite loci (SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7) in eleven Mexican Native American (MNA) populations. Data from the literature were used to compare the allelic distribution of SCA loci with worldwide populations. The SCA loci allelic frequencies evidenced a certain genetic homogeneity in the MNA populations, except for Mayans, who exhibited distinctive genetic profiles. Neither pathological nor large normal alleles were found in MNA populations, except for the SCA2 pre-mutated allele in the Zapotec population. Collectively, our findings demonstrated the contribution of the MNA ancestry in shaping the genetic structure of contemporary Mexican Mestizo populations. Our results also suggest that Native American ancestry has no impact on the origin of SCAs in the Mexican population. Instead, the acquisition of pathological SCA alleles could be associated with European migration.

OENO One ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Emmanuel D. Ladoukakis ◽  
François Lefort ◽  
Petraq Sotiri ◽  
Arjola Bacu ◽  
Efigjeni Kongjika ◽  
...  

<p style="text-align: justify;">A recently restored ampelographic collection of Albanian grapevine accessions has been submitted to genetic profiling with eleven nuclear microsatellite markers, widely used in other studies. Microsatellite profiling resulted in 28 single profiles for 29 accessions. Two cultivars, Shesh I bardhë and Pucalla, were found to be synonyms. Genetic profiles of Albanian cultivars were compared at 8 microsatellite loci to 29 most commonly cultivated Greek cultivars. Albanian cultivars were found to be more closely related to Greek cultivars from Peloponnese. One Greek cultivar named Dempina was found to be genetically close to two Albanian cultivars Debina teki and Debina kala, which are homonyms Another cultivar, known as Toska or Sinambel displayed a tri-allelic profile at 5 loci over 10 analysed loci. Such a high number of tri-allelic loci found in one individual favours the hypothesis of triploidy but the chimerism hypothesis cannot be excluded without further work.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody S. Goodman ◽  
Christine M. Plepys ◽  
Jemar R. Bather ◽  
Rita M. Kelliher ◽  
Cheryl G. Healton

Objective: This study is a follow-up to an examination of the racial/ethnic composition of public health students (1996) and faculty (1997) at schools of public health that was conducted 20 years ago. We examined data on the race/ethnicity of students, graduates, and faculty among Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH)–member institutions during 2016-2017 and how these data have changed in the past 20 years. Methods: We obtained data on the race/ethnicity of students (in 1996 and 2016), graduates (in 1996 and 2016), and faculty (in 1997 and 2017) at ASPPH-member institutions from the ASPPH Data Center. We tabulated frequencies, percentages, and 20-year percentage-point changes by race/ethnicity. We examined data for all current ASPPH-member institutions and for comparable subcohorts of 1996 and 1997 member institutions that are current ASPPH members. Results: In graduate student enrollment, the 20-year increase in each nonwhite racial/ethnic subgroup was ≤5 percentage points. Among tenured faculty, the 20-year increase was greatest among Asians (8 percentage points) but was <3 percentage points for black, Hispanic, and Native American faculty. Conclusions: The increasing racial/ethnic diversity among students, graduates, and faculty in schools and programs of public health contributes to parallel increases in racial/ethnic diversity in the public health workforce. Schools and programs of public health should recruit clusters of racial/ethnic minority students using holistic application review processes, provide enrolled students with racially/ethnically diverse role models and mentors, and dedicate staffing to ensure a student-centered approach. In addition, those who mentor racially/ethnically diverse students and junior faculty should be rewarded.


2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEROS Tomislav ◽  
JEMERŠIĆ Lorena ◽  
PRPIĆ Jelena ◽  
BRNIĆ Dragan

Abstract The aim of the study is to increase the knowledge on the genetic structure status of the autochthonous Slavonian Syrmian Podolian cattle breed currently listed by the FAO as “critically endangered”. Blood samples obtained from a total of 20 randomly selected individua were included in genotyping upon microsatellite panel recommended by ISAG and FAO. The procedure enabled the identification of as many as 214 (96.34%) genotypes and, at the same time, 129 allelic variations were found with = 11.73 alleles per locus. The genotypes showed differences between the microsatellite loci and also significant differences (p<0.05) in the frequency of both homozygosity and heterozygosity. The analyses of the allelic distribution within microsatellite loci showed marked variability. The distribution of genetic relationship was expressed by Wright's F coefficients. A moderate level of genetic diversity was observed at the tested loci. The findings demonstrate the degree of breed relationship and breed purity but also indicate that gene pool of the tested population has been threatened. Therefore, urgent measures must be taken to support both the genetic consolidation and preservation of the remaining population of Slavonian Syrmian Podolian cattle in Croatia.


2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Tozaki ◽  
H Kakoi ◽  
S Mashima ◽  
K Hirota ◽  
T Hasegawa ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
YingBiao Zhi ◽  
Ling Ding ◽  
Yupeng Wang ◽  
Longfei Hu ◽  
Yupeng Hua ◽  
...  

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uthairat Na-Nakorn ◽  
Nobuhiko Taniguchi ◽  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Shingo Seki ◽  
Wongpathom Kamonrat

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENNAN G. MOREIRA ◽  
ROSS A. MCCAULEY ◽  
AUREA C. CORTÉS-PALOMEC ◽  
M. BERNADETE LOVATO ◽  
G. WILSON FERNANDES ◽  
...  

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