Charting the Course for Future Developments in Marine Geomorphometry: An Introduction to the Special Issue

The use of spatial analytical techniques for describing and classifying seafloor terrain has become increasingly widespread in recent years, facilitated by a combination of improved mapping technologies and computer power and the common use of Geographic Information Systems. Considering that the seafloor represents 71% of the surface of our planet, this is an important step towards understanding the Earth in its entirety. Bathymetric mapping systems, spanning a variety of sensors, have now developed to a point where the data they provide are able to capture seabed morphology at multiple scales, opening up the possibility of linking these data to oceanic, geological, and ecological processes. Applications of marine geomorphometry have now moved beyond the simple adoption of techniques developed for terrestrial studies. Whilst some former challenges have been largely resolved, we find new challenges constantly emerging from novel technology and applications. As increasing volumes of bathymetric data are acquired across the entire ocean floor at scales relevant to marine geosciences, resource assessment, and biodiversity evaluation, the scientific community needs to balance the influx of high-resolution data with robust quantitative processing and analysis techniques. This will allow marine geomorphometry to become more widely recognized as a sub-discipline of geomorphometry as well as to begin to tread its own path to meet the specific challenges that are associated with seabed mapping. This special issue brings together a collection of research articles that reflect the types of studies that are helping to chart the course for the future of marine geomorphometry.

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MAPPING OF HIGH VALUE CROPS THROUGH AN OBJECT-BASED SVM MODEL USING LIDAR DATA AND ORTHOPHOTO IN AGUSAN DEL NORTE PHILIPPINES

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsannals-iii-7-165-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol III-7 ◽

pp. 165-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rudolph Joshua Candare ◽

Michelle Japitana ◽

James Earl Cubillas ◽

Cherry Bryan Ramirez

Keyword(s):

Regularization Parameter ◽

Optimization Procedure ◽

Feature Space ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Support Vector ◽

Lidar Data ◽

High Resolution Data ◽

Object Based ◽

Rule Sets ◽

Rule Set

This research describes the methods involved in the mapping of different high value crops in Agusan del Norte Philippines using LiDAR. This project is part of the Phil-LiDAR 2 Program which aims to conduct a nationwide resource assessment using LiDAR. Because of the high resolution data involved, the methodology described here utilizes object-based image analysis and the use of optimal features from LiDAR data and Orthophoto. Object-based classification was primarily done by developing rule-sets in eCognition. Several features from the LiDAR data and Orthophotos were used in the development of rule-sets for classification. Generally, classes of objects can't be separated by simple thresholds from different features making it difficult to develop a rule-set. To resolve this problem, the image-objects were subjected to Support Vector Machine learning. SVMs have gained popularity because of their ability to generalize well given a limited number of training samples. However, SVMs also suffer from parameter assignment issues that can significantly affect the classification results. More specifically, the regularization parameter C in linear SVM has to be optimized through cross validation to increase the overall accuracy. After performing the segmentation in eCognition, the optimization procedure as well as the extraction of the equations of the hyper-planes was done in Matlab. The learned hyper-planes separating one class from another in the multi-dimensional feature-space can be thought of as super-features which were then used in developing the classifier rule set in eCognition. In this study, we report an overall classification accuracy of greater than 90% in different areas.

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EXPRESS: The Future of Marketing Analytics and Public Policy

Journal of Public Policy & Marketing ◽

10.1177/07439156211042372 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 074391562110423

Author(s):

Brennan Davis ◽

Dhruv Grewal ◽

Steve Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Policy Research ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Future Research ◽

Social Media Analytics ◽

Special Issue ◽

Marketing Analytics ◽

Future Of Marketing ◽

And Robotics

The purpose of this special issue is to encourage the emerging role of analytics in marketing and public policy research. We draw attention to a multitude of comprehensive data sources and analytical techniques that tackle important public policy and marketing issues. We highlight six key domains that provide fruitful avenues for such pursuit: retail analytics, social media analytics, marketing mix analytics, services including healthcare, nonprofits and politics, and artificial intelligence and robotics. We also offer an overview of the various articles and commentaries that are included in this special issue, and we encourage future research building on the underlying analytics approaches, substantive findings, and theoretical discoveries.

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Editorial for Special Issue “Mineral Surface Reactions at the Nanoscale”

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9030185 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Christine Putnis

Keyword(s):

Surface Reactions ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Aqueous Fluid ◽

Mineral Surfaces ◽

Special Issue ◽

Mineral Surface ◽

Electron Microscopies ◽

Interface Control ◽

The Earth

Reactions at mineral surfaces are central to all geochemical processes. As minerals comprise the rocks of the Earth, the processes occurring at the mineral–aqueous fluid interface control the evolution of the rocks and, hence, the structure of the crust of the Earth during such processes at metamorphism, metasomatism, and weathering. In recent years, focus has been concentrated on mineral surface reactions made possible through the development of advanced analytical techniques, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), advanced electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), phase shift interferometry, confocal Raman spectroscopy, advanced synchrotron-based applications, complemented by molecular simulations, to confirm or predict the results of experimental studies. In particular, the development of analytical methods that allow direct observations of mineral–fluid reactions at the nanoscale have revealed new and significant aspects of the kinetics and mechanisms of reactions taking place in fundamental mineral–fluid systems. These experimental and computational studies have enabled new and exciting possibilities to elucidate the mechanisms that govern mineral–fluid reactions, as well as the kinetics of these processes, and, hence, to enhance our ability to predict potential mineral behavior. In this Special Issue “Mineral Surface Reactions at the Nanoscale”, we present 12 contributions that highlight the role and importance of mineral surfaces in varying fields of research.

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Honey: Chemical Composition, Stability and Authenticity

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8110577 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 577

Author(s):

Olga Escuredo ◽

M. Carmen Seijo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Statistical Methods ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Food Product ◽

Botanical Origin ◽

Special Issue ◽

Research Papers ◽

Practical Solution ◽

Plant Sources

This Special Issue contains innovative research papers on the characterization, chemical composition and physical properties of honey. This constitutes very useful information to avoid frauds and to guarantee the authenticity of this food product. The knowledge of the particularities of honey is increasingly demanded by beekeepers and consumers, and also by labs to typify honeys according to their botanical origin and to check their quality. Melissopalynological, sensorial and physicochemical techniques are being used to study the characteristics of honeys samples from different plant sources and geographical areas. The combination of these analytical techniques with mathematical and statistical methods or chemometrics allows researchers to identify a set of variables or individual parameters that define independent samples, providing a practical solution to classify honey according to the geographical or the botanical origin.

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Introduction to Special Issue: Critical Interventions on the Spaces and Practices of State Power

Middle East Law and Governance ◽

10.1163/18763375-01102001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 91-102

Author(s):

Laryssa Chomiak ◽

Jillian Schwedler

Keyword(s):

Multiple Scales ◽

State Power ◽

Social Mobilization ◽

Regime Type ◽

Special Issue ◽

Specific Context ◽

Social Unrest ◽

Alternative Approaches ◽

Relations Of Power ◽

The Relationship

Many analyses of the 2011 uprisings and their aftermath 2011 uprisings have been built explicitly on social movements theory with a focus on specific episodes of social unrest. Others have employed procedural approaches from theories of democratization. The nation-level unit of analysis dominant in these approaches reproduces classic regime-character typologies and invokes questions about the relationship between regime type and successful social mobilization. This special issue explores the spaces and practices of state power beyond the conventional framework, giving special attention to space, time, and the multiple scales of relations of power. The contributors explore how these alternative approaches open up different questions into the operation of state power—some in the specific context of the uprisings and some in the course of more quotidian administration.

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The Floral Microbiome: Plant, Pollinator, and Microbial Perspectives

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics ◽

10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-013401 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 363-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rachel L. Vannette

Keyword(s):

Multiple Scales ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Pollinator Attraction ◽

Plant Variation ◽

Floral Visitors ◽

Floral Phenotype ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Plant Pollinator ◽

Microbial Effects

Flowers at times host abundant and specialized communities of bacteria and fungi that influence floral phenotypes and interactions with pollinators. Ecological processes drive variation in microbial abundance and composition at multiple scales, including among plant species, among flower tissues, and among flowers on the same plant. Variation in microbial effects on floral phenotype suggests that microbial metabolites could cue the presence or quality of rewards for pollinators, but most plants are unlikely to rely on microbes for pollinator attraction or reproduction. From a microbial perspective, flowers offer opportunities to disperse between habitats, but microbial species differ in requirements for and benefits received from such dispersal. The extent to which floral microbes shape the evolution of floral traits, influence fitness of floral visitors, and respond to anthropogenic change is unclear. A deeper understanding of these phenomena could illuminate the ecological and evolutionary importance of floral microbiomes and their role in the conservation of plant–pollinator interactions.

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Introduction to the environmental Kuznets curve special issue

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x97000181 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 357-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

EDWARD B. BARBIER

Keyword(s):

Environmental Degradation ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Capita Income ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽

Economic Change ◽

Kuznets Curve ◽

Special Issue ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Per Capita ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curves

This special issue is concerned with environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) - the hypothesis that there is an ‘inverted-U’ relationship between various indicators of environmental degradation and levels of per capita income. Explanations as to why environmental degradation should first increase then decline with income have focused on a number of underlying relationships, including:the effects of structural economic change on the use of the environment for resource inputs and to assimilate waste;the link between the demand for environmental quality and income;types of environmental degradation and ecological processes.

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