DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SPECIALIZED REGULATORY REFERENCE DATABASE (DB) "SOWING EQUIPMENT FOR TILLED AND VEGETABLE CROPS”

This paper discusses the procedure for the develop-ment and operation algorithm of the specialized regulatory and reference database “Sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops” which contains a description and tech-nical characteristics of domestic and foreign precision seeders (their units and assemblies) for tilled and vegeta-ble crops in the system precision and zero agriculture. The main function of the program is the accumulation and sys-tematization of information on sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops with the possibility of interactive search, filtering and comparison of results. The structure of the database being developed has been determined; it includes 4 blocks: a graphical interface; control algorithms; data management; control components and general pur-pose components. Taking into account this structure, the stages of creating a database are determined: analysis of real world objects for the implementation of the modeling process, selection of tables and fields that are capable of identifying each object, designing relationships between tables and setting referential integrity rules. The developed software solves the following tasks: searches according to the main characteristics of sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops; forms an initial set of characteristics and their limit values; implements sorting and filtering of search results; provides the ability to select from the table-list a specific instance of equipment with the output of detailed information; provides the ability to select from the table-list of several copies of equipment for their detailed compari-son; provides personalized access to entering and modify-ing information in the database. The advantage of using the developed database is its regular replenishment; at the moment the information volume (content) is: for mechanical seeders -23 items; pneumatic seeders -78 items; “direct sowing” (“zero” farming) equipment -10 items.

Room-temperature multiple ligands-tailored SnO2 quantum dots endow in situ dual-interface binding for upscaling efficient perovskite photovoltaics with high VOC

The benchmark tin oxide (SnO2) electron transporting layers (ETLs) have enabled remarkable progress in planar perovskite solar cell (PSCs). However, the energy loss is still a challenge due to the lack of “hidden interface” control. We report a novel ligand-tailored ultrafine SnO2 quantum dots (QDs) via a facile rapid room temperature synthesis. Importantly, the ligand-tailored SnO2 QDs ETL with multi-functional terminal groups in situ refines the buried interfaces with both the perovskite and transparent electrode via enhanced interface binding and perovskite passivation. These novel ETLs induce synergistic effects of physical and chemical interfacial modulation and preferred perovskite crystallization-directing, delivering reduced interface defects, suppressed non-radiative recombination and elongated charge carrier lifetime. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.02% (0.04 cm2) and 21.6% (0.98 cm2, VOC loss: 0.336 V) have been achieved for the blade-coated PSCs (1.54 eV Eg) with our new ETLs, representing a record for SnO2 based blade-coated PSCs. Moreover, a substantially enhanced PCE (VOC) from 20.4% (1.15 V) to 22.8% (1.24 V, 90 mV higher VOC, 0.04 cm2 device) in the blade-coated 1.61 eV PSCs system, via replacing the benchmark commercial colloidal SnO2 with our new ETLs.

Selective cobalt and nickel electrodeposition for lithium-ion battery recycling through integrated electrolyte and interface control

Molecularly-selective metal separations are key to sustainable recycling of Li-ion battery electrodes. However, metals with close reduction potentials present a fundamental challenge for selective electrodeposition, especially for critical elements such as cobalt and nickel. Here, we demonstrate the synergistic combination of electrolyte control and interfacial design to achieve molecular selectivity for cobalt and nickel during potential-dependent electrodeposition. Concentrated chloride allows for the speciation control via distinct formation of anionic cobalt chloride complex (CoCl42-), while maintaining nickel in the cationic form ([Ni(H2O)5Cl]+). Furthermore, functionalizing electrodes with a positively charged polyelectrolyte (i.e., poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride) changes the mobility of CoCl42- by electrostatic stabilization, which tunes cobalt selectivity depending on the polyelectrolyte loading. This strategy is applied for the multicomponent metal recovery from commercially-sourced lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide electrodes. We report a final purity of 96.4 ± 3.1% and 94.1 ± 2.3% for cobalt and nickel, respectively. Based on a technoeconomic analysis, we identify the limiting costs arising from the background electrolyte, and provide a promising outlook of selective electrodeposition as an efficient separation approach for battery recycling.

An Easy-to-Integrate IP Design of AHB Slave Bus Interface for the Security Chip of IoT

Information security is fundamental to the Internet of things (IoT) devices, in which security chip is an important means. This paper proposes an Advanced High-performance Bus Slave Control IP (AHB-SIP), which applies to cryptographic accelerators in IoT security chips. Composed by four types of function registers and AHB Interface Control Logic (AICL), AHB-SIP has a simple and easy-to-use structure. The System on Chip (SoC) design can be realized by quickly converting the nonstandard interface of the security module to the AHB slave interface. AHB-SIP is applied to the security accelerators of SM2, SM3, and SM4 and random number generator (RNG). Combined with a low-power embedded CPU, TIMER, UART, SPI, IIC, and other communication interfaces, a configurable SoC can be integrated. Moreover, SMIC 110 nm technology is employed to tape out the SoC on a silicon chip. The area of AHB-SIP is 0.072 mm2, only occupying 6‰ of the chip (3.45 ∗ 3.45 mm2), and the power consumption of encryption modules combined with AHB-SIP is lower than that combined with AXI interface, which is decreased up to 61.0% and is ideal for the application of IoT.