scholarly journals Effect of pH on Photosynthesis of Euglena mutabilis Schmitz, an Acidophilic Benthic Flagellate

Hydrobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
Akira Haraguchi ◽  
Jiaojiao Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Cold Spring ◽  
Euglena Mutabilis ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Gross Photosynthetic Rate

The dependence of the photosynthetic rate of Euglena mutabilis Schmitz on pH across a range of 2.0–10.0 was investigated. Populations of E. mutabilis isolated from sediments of acidic mine drainage in Sensui (pH = 3.95) and a volcanic cold spring in Bougatsuru (pH = 5.32) were cultured in a pH-adjusted growth media for 96 h, and photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate were measured. The maximum gross photosynthetic rate of E. mutabilis cells from the Sensui drainage population did not vary significantly over the pH range of 2.0–7.0, and their dark respiration rate showed high values at pH = 7.0. The maximum gross photosynthetic rate of E. mutabilis cells from the Bougatsuru spring population did not vary significantly within the pH range of 2.0–6.0, and their dark respiration rate tended to show high values at pH = 7.0. E. mutabilis can colonize under circumneutral conditions up to and including pH = 6.0.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic and Morphological Acclimation to High and Low Light Environments in Petasites japonicus subsp. giganteus

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Deguchi ◽  
Kohei Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Sun And Shade Leaves ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Shade Leaves ◽  
Petasites Japonicus

Within each species, leaf traits such as light-saturated photosynthetic rate or dark respiration rate acclimate to local light environment. Comparing only static physiological traits, however, may not be sufficient to evaluate the effects of such acclimation in the shade because the light environment changes diurnally. We investigated leaf photosynthetic and morphological acclimation for a perennial herb, butterbur (Petasites japonicus (Siebold et Zucc.) Maxim. subsp. giganteus (G.Nicholson) Kitam.) (Asteraceae), in both a well-lit clearing and a shaded understory of a temperate forest. Diurnal changes in light intensity incident on the leaves were also measured on a sunny day and an overcast day. Leaves in the clearing were more folded and upright, whereas leaves in the understory were flatter. Leaf mass per area (LMA) was approximately twofold higher in the clearing than in the understory, while light-saturated photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate per unit mass of leaf were similar between the sites. Consequently, both light-saturated photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate per unit area of leaf were approximately twofold higher in the clearing than in the understory, consistent with previous studies on different species. Using this experimental dataset, we performed a simulation in which sun and shade leaves were hypothetically exchanged to investigate whether such plasticity increased carbon gain at each local environment. As expected, in the clearing, the locally acclimated sun leaves gained more carbon than the hypothetically transferred shade leaves. By contrast, in the understory, the daily net carbon gain was similar between the simulated sun and shade leaves on the sunny day due to the frequent sunflecks. Lower LMA and lower photosynthetic capacity in the understory reduced leaf construction cost per area rather than maximizing net daily carbon gain. These results indicate that information on static photosynthetic parameters may not be sufficient to evaluate shade acclimation in forest understories.

Dark respiration rate of transgenic tomato plants expressing FeSOD1 gene under chloride and sulfate salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. N. Baranova ◽  
E. N. Akanov ◽  
A. A. Gulevich ◽  
L. V. Kurenina ◽  
S. A. Danilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Transgenic Tomato ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Transgenic Tomato Plants

scholarly journals Comparison of the Photosynthetic Capacity of Phragmites australis in Five Habitats in Saline‒Alkaline Wetlands

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Subang An ◽  
Xingtu Liu ◽  
Bolong Wen ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Peng Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Abandoned Farmland ◽  
The Impact

Water shortages have an important impact on the photosynthetic capacity of Phragmites australis. However, this impact has not been adequately studied from the perspective of photosynthesis. An in-depth study of the photosynthetic process can help in better understanding the impact of water shortages on the photosynthetic capacity of P. australis, especially on the microscale. The aim of this study is to explore the photosynthetic adaptation strategies to environmental changes in saline‒alkaline wetlands. The light response curves and CO2 response curves of P. australis in five habitats (hygrophilous, xerophytic, psammophytic, abandoned farmland, paddy field drainage) in saline‒alkaline wetlands were measured at different stages of their life history, and we used a nonrectangular hyperbolic model to fit the data. It was concluded that P. australis utilized coping strategies that differed between the growing and breeding seasons. P. australis in abandoned farmland during the growing season had the highest apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) and photosynthetic utilization efficiency for weak light because of the dark environment. The dark respiration rate of P. australis in the drainage area of paddy fields was the lowest, and it had the highest values for photorespiration rate, maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), photosynthetic capacity (Pa), biomass, maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), and maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax). The light insensitivity of P. australis increased with the transition from growing to breeding season, and the dark respiration rate also showed a downward trend. Moreover, Vcmax and Jmax would decline when Pmax and Pa showed a declining trend, and vice versa. In other words, Vcmax and Jmax could explain changes in the photosynthetic capacity to some extent. These findings contribute to providing insights that Vcmax and Jmax can directly reflect the variation in photosynthetic capacity of P. australis under water shortages in saline‒alkaline wetlands and in other parts of world where there are problems with similarly harmful environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis by Thin Leaf Slices in Solution I. Properties of Leaf Slices and Comparison With Whole Leaves

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
HG Jones ◽  
CB Osmond
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties

The preparation and photosynthetic properties of thin leaf slices from several plants were examined. Photosynthesis was measured either as oxygen evolution in a polarographic electrode, or as 14C02 fixation. Oxygen uptake in the dark gave a measure of the dark respiration rate.

Responses of Subterranean Clover Communities to Temperature. II. Effects of Temperature on Dark Respiration Rate

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fukai ◽  
JH Silsbury
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
High Respiration Rate

The rates of dark respiration of subterranean clover communities, grown at 12, 16, 20 and 24°C in naturally lit temperature-controlled glasshouses, were measured several times during growth. The dark respiration rate, measured at growth temperature, increased linearly with increase in plant dry matter for each temperature and it increased approximately linearly with increase in temperature at a given dry matter. A low crop growth rate shown by communities with dry matter greater than 300 g m-2 at a temperature of 24°C was largely accounted for by a high respiration rate. The temperature coefficient of dark respiration (Q10) was inversely related to growth temperature. Dark respiration rate at 28°C was lower for communities grown at 24°C than for communities grown at 12 or 16°C when the comparison was made at the same dry matter. Calculated dark respiration rate from shoot dry matter, growth temperature and current measured temperature was close to the measured rate, indicating the dark respiration rate of subterranean clover communities to be largely accounted for by these factors. Use of an integrated form of a growth equation and allowing for dark efflux shows, on a 12 hour day, the rate of dry matter accumulation at 24°C to be the same as that at 12°C.

Effects of Selection for Dark Respiration Rate on Enzyme Genotypes in Lolium perenne

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. RAINEY ◽  
J. B. MITTON ◽  
R. K. MONSON ◽  
D. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Selection For

Correlation Between the Rates of Foliar Dark Respiration and Net Photosynthesis in Some Tropical Dicot Weeds

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rajendrudu ◽  
J. S. Rama Prasad ◽  
V. S. Rama Das
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Photosynthetic Type

The rates of foliar dark respiration and net photosynthesis in attached leaves of 25 C3, C4, and C3-C4 intermediate dicotyledonous weed species were determined using the infrared gas analyzer. The ratio of dark respiration to photosynthesis per unit leaf area in attached leaves of each species was inversely proportional to leaf age. Highly significant, positive linear correlation was observed between the rates of foliar dark respiration and net photosynthetic CO2 uptake in dicot weeds irrespective of the photosynthetic type. The higher foliar dark respiration rate found in some of the weed species can be attributed in part to the higher carbohydrate levels as generated by a rapid photosynthetic CO2 assimilation. The significance of higher dark respiration rate in relation to carbon and energy economy of weeds is discussed.

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