Correlation Between the Rates of Foliar Dark Respiration and Net Photosynthesis in Some Tropical Dicot Weeds

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rajendrudu ◽  
J. S. Rama Prasad ◽  
V. S. Rama Das
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Photosynthetic Type

The rates of foliar dark respiration and net photosynthesis in attached leaves of 25 C3, C4, and C3-C4 intermediate dicotyledonous weed species were determined using the infrared gas analyzer. The ratio of dark respiration to photosynthesis per unit leaf area in attached leaves of each species was inversely proportional to leaf age. Highly significant, positive linear correlation was observed between the rates of foliar dark respiration and net photosynthetic CO2 uptake in dicot weeds irrespective of the photosynthetic type. The higher foliar dark respiration rate found in some of the weed species can be attributed in part to the higher carbohydrate levels as generated by a rapid photosynthetic CO2 assimilation. The significance of higher dark respiration rate in relation to carbon and energy economy of weeds is discussed.

Effect of frond age on frond elongation, gas exchange, and water relations in the ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2094-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Prange ◽  
D. P. Ormrod ◽  
J. T. A. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Diffusive Resistance

The effect of frond age in the ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris) upon changes in frond elongation, frond water status (osmotic, pressure, and total water potential), and gas exchange (diffusive resistance, net photosynthesis rate, and dark respiration rate) was examined. The maximum elongation rate in the youngest fronds was 2.83 mm h−1 and occurred between 1500 and 2100 hours. Growth of individual fronds was completed in ca. 16–20 days after emergence from the apical bud. As a frond approached final length, both the dark respiration rate and rate of daily elongation decreased. Compared with mature fronds, young fronds (5 to 8 days old) had higher dark respiration rates and lower net photosynthesis rates. They also had higher osmotic potentials and lower pressure potentials and predawn diffusive resistances. In the youngest fronds (3 and 6 days old) the fastest elongation rates occurred at the lowest water potentials. This phenomenon may be an example of "growth-induced water potential." The increase in pressure potential and decrease in osmotic potential as the frond approached full expansion on day 16 indicates an "apparent" osmotic adjustment which was probably due to a decrease in the yielding properties of the cell walls while solutes continued to accumulate in the tissue. At full expansion further accumulation appeared to stop, suggesting that the frond had increased net solute export.

Dark respiration rate of transgenic tomato plants expressing FeSOD1 gene under chloride and sulfate salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. N. Baranova ◽  
E. N. Akanov ◽  
A. A. Gulevich ◽  
L. V. Kurenina ◽  
S. A. Danilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Transgenic Tomato ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Transgenic Tomato Plants

scholarly journals Photosynthesis of Tropical Pasture Plants III. Leaf Age

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Ludlow ◽  
GL Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Tropical Pasture ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Leaf Ontogeny ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Pasture Plants

Grass and legume plants were grown under near-optimum conditions in controlled-environment cabinets. Changes in net photosynthetic rate, dark respiration rate, and carbon dioxide transfer resistances during leaf ontogeny, and variability between leaves on grass tillers and legume runners were studied under controlled conditions in an open gas analysis system.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Photosynthetic Capacity of Phragmites australis in Five Habitats in Saline‒Alkaline Wetlands

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Subang An ◽  
Xingtu Liu ◽  
Bolong Wen ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Peng Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Abandoned Farmland ◽  
The Impact

Water shortages have an important impact on the photosynthetic capacity of Phragmites australis. However, this impact has not been adequately studied from the perspective of photosynthesis. An in-depth study of the photosynthetic process can help in better understanding the impact of water shortages on the photosynthetic capacity of P. australis, especially on the microscale. The aim of this study is to explore the photosynthetic adaptation strategies to environmental changes in saline‒alkaline wetlands. The light response curves and CO2 response curves of P. australis in five habitats (hygrophilous, xerophytic, psammophytic, abandoned farmland, paddy field drainage) in saline‒alkaline wetlands were measured at different stages of their life history, and we used a nonrectangular hyperbolic model to fit the data. It was concluded that P. australis utilized coping strategies that differed between the growing and breeding seasons. P. australis in abandoned farmland during the growing season had the highest apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) and photosynthetic utilization efficiency for weak light because of the dark environment. The dark respiration rate of P. australis in the drainage area of paddy fields was the lowest, and it had the highest values for photorespiration rate, maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax), photosynthetic capacity (Pa), biomass, maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), and maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax). The light insensitivity of P. australis increased with the transition from growing to breeding season, and the dark respiration rate also showed a downward trend. Moreover, Vcmax and Jmax would decline when Pmax and Pa showed a declining trend, and vice versa. In other words, Vcmax and Jmax could explain changes in the photosynthetic capacity to some extent. These findings contribute to providing insights that Vcmax and Jmax can directly reflect the variation in photosynthetic capacity of P. australis under water shortages in saline‒alkaline wetlands and in other parts of world where there are problems with similarly harmful environmental conditions.

Response of Gas Exchange in Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) to Environmental Conditions

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gealy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Soil Matric Potential ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Aegilops Cylindrica ◽  
Jointed Goatgrass

Gas exchange of jointed goatgrass leaves was affected by temperature, irradiance level, and soil matric potential. Net photosynthesis of leaves under saturating irradiance (PPFD3= 1850 (μE·m–2·s−1) was optimum at about 20 C. At 25 C, net photosynthesis was nearly 90% of maximum at a PPFD of 800 μE·m–2·−1. Transpiration, and presumably water use, increased steadily with temperature from 10 to 40 C. Dark respiration rate and compensation points for light and for CO2increased exponentially, or nearly so, from 10 to 40 C. Soil moisture deficits of −130 kPa reduced net photosynthesis and transpiration by about 30 and 55%, respectively, compared to well-watered plants.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis by Thin Leaf Slices in Solution I. Properties of Leaf Slices and Comparison With Whole Leaves

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
HG Jones ◽  
CB Osmond
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties

The preparation and photosynthetic properties of thin leaf slices from several plants were examined. Photosynthesis was measured either as oxygen evolution in a polarographic electrode, or as 14C02 fixation. Oxygen uptake in the dark gave a measure of the dark respiration rate.

Responses of Subterranean Clover Communities to Temperature. II. Effects of Temperature on Dark Respiration Rate

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fukai ◽  
JH Silsbury
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
High Respiration Rate

The rates of dark respiration of subterranean clover communities, grown at 12, 16, 20 and 24°C in naturally lit temperature-controlled glasshouses, were measured several times during growth. The dark respiration rate, measured at growth temperature, increased linearly with increase in plant dry matter for each temperature and it increased approximately linearly with increase in temperature at a given dry matter. A low crop growth rate shown by communities with dry matter greater than 300 g m-2 at a temperature of 24°C was largely accounted for by a high respiration rate. The temperature coefficient of dark respiration (Q10) was inversely related to growth temperature. Dark respiration rate at 28°C was lower for communities grown at 24°C than for communities grown at 12 or 16°C when the comparison was made at the same dry matter. Calculated dark respiration rate from shoot dry matter, growth temperature and current measured temperature was close to the measured rate, indicating the dark respiration rate of subterranean clover communities to be largely accounted for by these factors. Use of an integrated form of a growth equation and allowing for dark efflux shows, on a 12 hour day, the rate of dry matter accumulation at 24°C to be the same as that at 12°C.

Effects of Selection for Dark Respiration Rate on Enzyme Genotypes in Lolium perenne

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. RAINEY ◽  
J. B. MITTON ◽  
R. K. MONSON ◽  
D. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dark Respiration Rate ◽  
Selection For
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