scholarly journals Prenatal Heavy Metal Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Myanmar: A Birth-Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyi Wai ◽  
Ohn Mar ◽  
Satoko Kosaka ◽  
Mitsutoshi Umemura ◽  
Chiho Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure

Impact of prenatal heavy metal exposure on newborn leucocyte telomere length: A birth-cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 1414-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyi Mar Wai ◽  
Masahiro Umezaki ◽  
Satoko Kosaka ◽  
Ohn Mar ◽  
Mitsutoshi Umemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure

scholarly journals The University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences (UZ-CHS) BIRTH COHORT study: rationale, design and methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerina Duri ◽  
◽  
Felicity Z. Gumbo ◽  
Privilege T. Munjoma ◽  
Precious Chandiwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Zimbabwe

Abstract Background Commencing lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) immediately following HIV diagnosis (Option B+), has greatly improved maternal-infant health. Thus, large and increasing numbers of HIV-infected women are on ART during pregnancy, a situation concurrently increasing numbers of HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU) infants. Compared to their HIV-unexposed-uninfected (HUU) counterparts, HEU infants show higher rates of adverse birth outcomes, mortality, infectious/non-communicable diseases including impaired growth and neurocognitive development. There is an urgent need to understand the impact of HIV and early life ART exposures, immune-metabolic dysregulation, comorbidities and environmental confounders on adverse paediatric outcomes. Methods Six hundred (600) HIV-infected and 600 HIV-uninfected pregnant women ≥20 weeks of gestation will be enrolled from four primary health centres in high density residential areas of Harare. Participants will be followed up as mother-infant-pairs at delivery, week(s) 1, 6, 10, 14, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 after birth. Clinical, socio-economic, nutritional and environmental data will be assessed for adverse birth outcomes, impaired growth, immune/neurodevelopment, vertical transmission of HIV, hepatitis-B/C viruses, cytomegalovirus and syphilis. Maternal urine, stool, plasma, cord blood, amniotic fluid, placenta and milk including infant plasma, dried blood spot and stool will be collected at enrolment and follow-up visits. The composite primary endpoint is stillbirth and infant mortality within the first two years of life in HEU versus HUU infants. Maternal mortality in HIV-infected versus -uninfected women is another primary outcome. Secondary endpoints include a range of maternal and infant outcomes. Sub-studies will address maternal stress and malnutrition, maternal-infant latent tuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori infections, immune-metabolomic dysregulation including gut, breast milk and amniotic fluid dysbiosis. Discussion The University of Zimbabwe-College of Health-Sciences-Birth-Cohort study will provide a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and biomarkers for HEU infants’ adverse outcomes. This will ultimately help developing strategies to mitigate effects of maternal HIV, early-life ART exposures and comorbidities on infants’ mortality and morbidity. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT04087239. Registered 12 September 2019.

scholarly journals Relatively Low Maternal Aflatoxin Exposure Is Associated with Small-for-Gestational-Age but Not with Other Birth Outcomes in a Prospective Birth Cohort Study of Nepalese Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (10) ◽  
pp. 1818-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Y Andrews-Trevino ◽  
Patrick Webb ◽  
Gerald Shively ◽  
Beatrice L Rogers ◽  
Kedar Baral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Z Scores

ABSTRACT Background Exposure to aflatoxin has garnered increased attention as a possible contributor to adverse birth outcomes. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the relation of maternal aflatoxin exposure with adverse birth outcomes such as birth weight, birth length, anthropometric z scores, low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), stunting, and preterm birth (PTB). Methods This study used maternal and newborn data from the AflaCohort Study, an ongoing birth cohort study in Banke, Nepal (n = 1621). Data on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-lysine adducts in maternal serum were collected once during pregnancy (at mean ± SD: 136 ± 43 d of gestation). Maternal serum AFB1-lysine adduct concentration was measured via HPLC. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine if maternal aflatoxin exposure was associated with 1) birth weight and length (primary outcomes) and 2) anthropometric z scores, LBW (weight <2.5 kg), SGA (weight <10th percentile for gestational age and sex), stunting at birth (length-for-age z score less than −2), or PTB (born <37 weeks of gestation) (secondary outcomes). Results The geometric mean of maternal serum AFB1-lysine adduct concentration was 1.37 pg/mg albumin (95% CI: 1.30, 1.44 pg/mg albumin). Twenty percent of infants were of LBW and 32% were SGA. Sixteen percent of infants were stunted at birth. In addition, 13% of infants were born preterm. In logistic multivariate regression models, mean maternal serum AFB1-lysine adduct concentrations were significantly associated with SGA (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.27; P < 0.05). Conclusions Findings from this study suggest a small but significant association between serum AFB1-lysine adduct concentrations in pregnant women and SGA. Maternal aflatoxin exposure was not associated with other birth outcomes. These results highlight the need for future research on a threshold level of aflatoxin exposure needed to produce detectable adverse birth outcomes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03312049.

scholarly journals Individual heavy metal exposure and birth outcomes in Shenqiu county along the Huai River Basin in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-453
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Lin ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Zhuge Xi ◽  
Shaobin Lin ◽  
Xin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Huai River ◽  
The Huai River Basin

Exposure to heavy metals during pregnancy is an important risk factor for adverse birth outcomes.

scholarly journals Relationship between heavy metal exposure and type 2 diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study using occupational health examinations

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e039541
Author(s):  
Jun Ho Ji ◽  
Mi Hyeon Jin ◽  
Jung-Hun Kang ◽  
Soon Il Lee ◽  
Suee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between heavy metal exposure and serum ferritin levels, physical measurements and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingChangwon, the location of this study, is a Korean representative industrial city. Data were obtained from medical check-ups between 2002 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 34 814 male subjects were included. Of them, 1035 subjects with lead exposure, 200 subjects with cadmium exposure and the 33 579 remaining were assigned to cohort A, cohort B and the control cohort, respectively. Data including personal history of alcohol and smoking, age, height, weight, the follow-up duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin levels, and lead and cadmium levels within 1 year after exposure were collected.Primary outcome measureIn subjects without diabetes, changes in FBS and HbA1c were analysed through repeated tests at intervals of 1 year or longer after the occupational exposure to heavy metals.ResultsIn Cohort A, DM was diagnosed in 33 subjects. There was a significant difference in lead concentrations between the subjects diagnosed with DM and those without DM during the follow-up period (3.94±2.92 mg/dL vs 2.81±2.03 mg/dL, p=0.002). Simple exposure to heavy metals (lead and cadmium) was not associated with DM in Cox regression models (lead exposure (HR) 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.77, p 0.971; cadmium exposure HR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.61 to 3.55, p=0.385). Annual changes in FBS according to lead concentration at the beginning of exposure showed a positive correlation (r=0.072, p=0.032).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that simple occupational exposure to heavy metals lead and cadmium was not associated with the incidence of DM. However, lead concentrations at the beginning of the exposure might be an indicator of DM and glucose elevations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document