scholarly journals Selenium, Mercury, and Their Molar Ratio in Sportfish from Drinking Water Reservoirs

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Johnson ◽  
Catherine LePrevost ◽  
Thomas Kwak ◽  
W. Cope
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Se:Hg Molar Ratio ◽  
Current Guidance

Mercury (Hg) bioaccumulates in aquatic ecosystems and may pose a risk to humans who consume fish. Selenium (Se) has the ability to reduce Hg toxicity, but the current guidance for human consumption of fish is based on Hg concentration alone. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between Se and Hg in freshwater sportfish, for which there is a paucity of existing data. We collected three species of fish from different trophic positions from two drinking water reservoirs in central North Carolina, USA, to assess Hg and Se concentrations in relation to fish total length and to compare two measures of the protective ability of Se, the Se:Hg molar ratio and Se health benefit value (HBVSe), to current guidance for Hg. According to the Se:Hg molar ratio, all of the low trophic position fish sampled and the middle trophic position fish sampled from one of the reservoirs were safe for consumption. The same number of fish were considered safe using the HBVSe. More fish were deemed unsafe when using the Se:Hg molar ratio and HBVSe than were considered unsafe when using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Hg threshold. These findings suggest that the measures of Se protection may be unnecessarily conservative or that the USEPA Hg threshold may not be sufficiently protective of human health, especially the health of sensitive populations like pregnant or nursing mothers and young children. Future examination of the Se:Hg molar ratio and HBVSe from a variety of fish tissue samples would help refine the accuracy of these measures so that they may be appropriately utilized in ecological and human health risk assessment.

Drinking water quality and human health risk in Charsadda district, Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardar Khan ◽  
Maria Shahnaz ◽  
Noor Jehan ◽  
Shafiqur Rehman ◽  
M. Tahir Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Drinking Water Quality

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and commonly consumed food crops from quarry sites located at Isiagwu, Ebonyi State

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchechi Bliss Onyedikachi ◽  
Donatus Chuka Belonwu ◽  
Mattew Owhonda Wegwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Bioaccumulation Index

Abstract In view of ensuring healthy agricultural foods for human consumption, this study assessed the human health risk implicated in selected heavy metals in some commonly consumed vegetables, tubers, nuts and fruits grown around the quarry sites at Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Samples from agriculture area of Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, constituted the control. The concentration of Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb, were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The potential non-carcinogenic health risk for consumers which included Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) for Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Cu while carcinogenic health risk using Cancer Slope Factors (CSF) was established for Cd and Pb. Relative abundance of heavy metals across the locations and all samples was in the order Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. There was statistical significant effect of quarrying activities on the concentration of the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd) at p < 0.05 level. Based on the observed bioconcentration factors, cassava showed more hyperaccumulation potential compared to other samples. Pumpkin and bitter leaf also could be used in remediation owing to their high bioaccumulation index for Pb and Zn. THQ obtained for Mn and Pb were >1 indicating that the residents at the quarry site may be exposed to potential non-carcinogenic health risk due to Mn and Pb intoxication. With respect to US EPA prescriptions, average carcinogenic risk values obtained for Pb and Cd in this study indicated a lifetime (70 years) probability of contracting cancer suggesting that they be placed for further consideration as chemicals of concern with respect to the assessed locals.

scholarly journals Occurrence and potential human health risk of pharmaceutical residues in drinking water from Putrajaya (Malaysia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽  
Maizatul Zahirah Mohd Rashid ◽  
Fauzan Adzima Mohd Nasir ◽  
Wee Sze Yee ◽  
Ahmad Zaharin Aris
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pharmaceutical Residues ◽  
Potential Human Health Risk ◽  
Potential Human Health

scholarly journals Quality assessment of roof-harvested rainwater in the West Bank, Palestinian Authority

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Daoud ◽  
K. M. Swaileh ◽  
R. M. Hussein ◽  
M. Matani
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
The West ◽  
Guideline Values

Rain harvesting is becoming more common in the Palestinian Territories as a result of drinking water scarcity. Although it might pose serious human health risk, this water is being consumed without treatment in many areas of the West Bank. The present study evaluates the physicochemical and microbial quality of harvested rainwater that is used as potable water in the West Bank. Samples from roof-harvested rainwater storage tanks (n = 42) were collected in summer (SS) 2006/winter (WS) 2007. Physicochemical parameters measured were: temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, nitrate, copper and lead. With few exceptions, all these parameters were within WHO guideline values. All samples (100%) were found to contain coliforms and to be heavily contaminated with heterotrophic bacteria. About 67% of all samples were contaminated with fecal coliforms. Specific PCR technique confirmed the presence of five pathogenic microorganisms that can be ordered according to their prevalence as: Citrobacter (83%) &gt; Acinetobacter (78%) &gt; Aeromonas (52%) &gt; Pseudomonas and Campylobacter (7%). Prevalence of microorganisms in SS was higher than in WS. Although the physicochemical quality of most harvested rainwater samples was in accordance with WHO guidelines for drinking water, stored rainwater was significantly contaminated with bacteria resulting in significant human health risk from infectious diseases.

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