A School-Based Educational Intervention for School-Aged Children and Caregivers about Rational Use of Antibiotics in Urban Areas of Shaanxi Province: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Research

(1) Background: Antibiotic resistance is an imperative public health issue globally. Major factors that are resulting in this trend are the irrational and excessive use of antibiotics. Children account for a greater population of antibiotics use, therefore, an educational intervention on the rational use of antibiotics for children and caregivers will be beneficial. (2) Methods: A randomized controlled and parallel group study of fifth grade children and their caregivers will be evaluated in four primary schools in Baoji and Weinan of the Shaanxi Province. Two primary schools will be randomly selected for the educational intervention and two schools will serve as a control group. In the intervention arm, educational interventions will be conducted among caregivers and their children. The intervention measures include interactive training sessions, booklets, and printed or electronic educational materials that will be given to the caregivers or the school-aged children. In the control arm, no interventions will be implemented. Baseline data collected from June, 2018 and the intervention will last for three months. Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) questionnaires will be used to evaluate the caregivers’ knowledge, their attitude, and their practice. Knowledge-Retention questionnaires will be used to assess the children’s knowledge about microbes, antibiotics, and hygiene. (3) Discussion: This study is a unique comprehensive intervention targeting both children and their caregivers. We hypothesize a decrease in the irrational use of antibiotics among the studied population. Hence, this result would provide evidence for policy makers and educational departments for the implementation of similar interventions on the rational use of antibiotics.

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Feasibility Study of an Educational Intervention to Improve Water Intake in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Two-Arm, Non-Randomized Controlled Cluster Trial

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1339

Author(s):

Rubén Martín-Payo ◽

María del Mar Fernández-Álvarez ◽

Edurne Zabaleta-del-Olmo ◽

Rebeca García-García ◽

Xana González-Méndez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Control Group ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Cluster Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Ad Libitum

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an educational intervention on hydration behavior in adolescent soccer players. A pilot study of a two-arm, non-randomized controlled cluster trial was conducted. A total of 316 players aged 13–16 agreed to participate. The response variables were the players’ participation in the intervention, their perception of the knowledge acquired, the usefulness and the overall assessment of the intervention. Hydration patterns and acquisition of knowledge on hydration behavior were also assessed. The intervention involved two elements: posters and a web app. A total of 259 adolescents completed the study (intervention group (IG) = 131; control group (CG) = 128). 80.6% of the players responded to the survey assessing the feasibility of the intervention. The mean number of correct answers regarding behavior was significantly higher in the IG (3.54; SD = 1.162) than in the CG (2.64; SD = 1.174) (p < 0.001). The water consumption pattern at all the clubs was ad libitum. Of the players, 10% did not drink any water at all during the game. In conclusion, this intervention has been shown to be feasible for implementation with adolescent soccer players. It suggests that hydration guidelines should be informed by personal factors and that ad libitum water consumption should be avoided.

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Effect of Linear and Nonlinear Pedagogy Physical Education Interventions on Children’s Physical Activity: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (SAMPLE-PE)

Children ◽

10.3390/children8010049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Matteo Crotti ◽

James R. Rudd ◽

Simon Roberts ◽

Lynne M. Boddy ◽

Katie Fitton Davies ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Physical Education ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Usual Practice ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Children’S Physical Activity ◽

Pedagogical Approaches

Background: School-based interventions are a key opportunity to improve children’s physical activity (PA); however, there is lack of evidence about how pedagogical approaches to motor learning in physical education (PE) might affect PA in children. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how different pedagogical approaches in PE might affect children’s PA. Methods: Participants (n = 360, 5–6 years) from 12 primary schools within the SAMPLE-PE randomized controlled trial were randomly allocated to either Linear Pedagogy (LP: n = 3) or Nonlinear Pedagogy (NP: n = 3) interventions, where schools received a 15-week PE intervention delivered by trained coaches, or to a control group (n = 6), where schools followed usual practice. ActiGraph GT9X accelerometers were used to assess PA metrics (moderate-to-vigorous PA, mean raw acceleration and lowest acceleration over the most active hour and half hour) over whole and segmented weeks at baseline, immediately post-intervention and 6 months follow-up. Intention to treat analysis employing multilevel modelling was used to assess intervention effects. Results: LP and NP interventions did not significantly affect children’s PA levels compared to the control group. Conclusion: PE interventions based on LP and NP alone might not be effective in improving habitual PA in children.

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Effect of a breastfeeding educational intervention: a randomized controlled trial

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1518-8345.3081.3335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Erdnaxela Fernandes do Carmo Souza ◽

Alfredo Almeida Pina-Oliveira ◽

Antonieta Keiko Kakuda Shimo

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Significance Level ◽

Randomized Controlled

Objective: to assess the effect of a breastfeeding educational intervention on the counseling provided to postpartum women. Method: this is a randomized controlled trial including 104 postpartum women (intervention group = 52 and control group = 52) from a private hospital, whose educational intervention was based on the pragmatic theory and on the use of a soft-hard technology called Breastfeeding Educational Kit (Kit Educativo para Aleitamento Materno, KEAM). Women were followed-up for up to 60 days after childbirth. Chi-Squared Test, Fischer’s Exact Test, and Generalized Estimating Equation were used, with a significance level of 5% (p-value <0.05). The analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 24. Results: the postpartum women in the intervention group had fewer breastfeeding difficulties and a higher percentage of exclusive breastfeeding at all time points compared with those in the control group. Conclusion: the educational intervention based on active methodologies and stimulating instructional resources was effective in developing greater practical mastery among postpartum women with regard to adherence and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding. Registry REBEC RBR – 8p9v7v.

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Nutrition education improves knowledge and BMI-for-age in Ghanaian school-aged children

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i2.55 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 927-941

Author(s):

Reginald A Annan ◽

Charles Apprey ◽

Godwin O Agyemang ◽

Diane M Tuekpe ◽

Odeafo Asamoah-Boakye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrition Education ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Nutrition Knowledge ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Education Group ◽

Children Nutrition

Background: Adequate nutrition is required for growth and development in children. This study tested the effectiveness of nutrition education on knowledge and BMI-for-age (BFA) of school-aged children in the Kumasi Metropolis. Methods: Children, aged 9-13 years old were recruited from ten randomly selected primary schools in the Metropolis. The schools were randomly allocated into 3 groups: nutrition education (3 schools), physical activity (PA) education (3 schools), both interventions (2 schools), or control (2 schools). Following a baseline nutrition and PA knowledge and status assess- ment in 433 children, twice-monthly nutrition and PA education and demonstrations were carried out for 6 months, followed by a post-intervention assessment. Results: PA and nutrition knowledge improved in all groups (P<0.001); the highest improvement was among those who received both interventions (31.0%), followed by the nutrition education group (29.8%), and the least, the control group (19.1%). Overall, BFA improved by +0.36, from baseline (-0.26) to end of the intervention (+0.10, P<0.001). Within the groups, the nutrition group (+0.65, P<.001) had the highest improvement, then, both the intervention group (+0.27, P<0.001), the PA group (+0.23, P<0.001) and lastly, the control group (+0.18, P=0.001). Conclusion: Nutrition education could improve knowledge and BMI-for-age in school-aged children in Ghana. Keywords: School-aged children; nutrition education; BMI-for-age; nutrition knowledge; basic school.

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Evaluating the effect of an educational intervention on the adherence rate to sleep study: A multi-centered stratified randomized controlled trial

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0244496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0244496

Author(s):

Shokoufeh Aalaei ◽

Mahnaz Amini ◽

Fariborz Rezaeitalab ◽

Hadi Asadpour ◽

Hamed Tabesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Complex Interventions ◽

Adherence Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Sleep Study ◽

Randomized Controlled

An appropriate diagnosis and effective treatment of sleep apnea can improve the associated quality of care and reduce morbidities. The study aims to develop and evaluate an educational intervention tailored to patients’ needs in order to increase the rate of patients’ adherence to physician's prescription for a sleep test. A multi-center, stratified, 2 parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted. The patients in the intervention group received the educational booklets on sleep apnea and sleep test which was designed based on the extracted factors through an in-depth interview with patients. All participants were contacted after two months to ask whether they completed an assessment for OSA. A total number of 1,650 individuals were screened. Finally, 104 participants were randomized to the control group (n = 50) or intervention group (n = 45) that did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. The results of the intention to treat analysis indicate that patients in the intervention group were significantly more adherent to attend a sleep assessment for their OSA risk (30%; n = 15/50) than the patients in the control group (11.1%; n = 5/45, P <0.05). Age, history of diabetes, and the educational intervention were effective in performing the sleep test. Time limitations, Condition improvement, and high cost of diagnostic test were the most barriers, respectively. The intervention was successful in improving the adherence rate of patients to prescribed sleep test. However, the adherence rate to sleep study testing is still far from desirable and requires more complex interventions.

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Effects Of Educational Intervention Based On Integrated Social Marketing Approach On Regular Physical Activity of Female Students: A Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-381169/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Babak Moeini ◽

Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai ◽

Rashid Heidarimoghadam ◽

Leili Tapak ◽

Azam Geravandi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Social Marketing ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Low Income ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Control Group

Abstract Background: A sedentary lifestyle is recognized as a risk factor for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the factors related to regular physical activity in adolescents. Also design effective social marketing interventions on these factors in primary schools in Kermanshah (western Iran).Method: This study will be a parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted at a secondary school in Kermanshah. This protocol conforms to the Consolidated Standard of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement and is registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT:IRCT20200621047858N1). This research will be conducted in three phases that correspond to the first to seventh stages of the social marketing operational model, i.e. the SMART model. Given that this study is a three-stage study, an interventional study will be conducted to investigate the effect of educational intervention on regular physical activity behavior among female junior high school students. In this study, we will have an intervention group and a control group. In each area (north and south of the city), using the division by the school education department, is divided into three categories (rich, middle-income and low-income) and a simple random method is selected from each category of one school (3 intervention schools and 3 control schools. The sample size required for the intervention and control group is calculated as 108 people. Individuals are evaluated for regular physical activity according to the stages of behavior change before and after the intervention.Trial registration: IRAN Clinical Trials Register IRCT20200621047858N1 (date of registration: 2020/7/25 randomized controlled trial registered).Ethics approval: IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.952

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Effectiveness of An Educational Intervention of Breast Cancer Screening Practices Uptake, Knowledge, and Beliefs among Yemeni Female School Teachers in Klang Valley, Malaysia: A Study Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17041167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1167

Author(s):

Noman ◽

Shahar ◽

Abdul Rahman ◽

Ismail

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

School Teachers ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Klang Valley ◽

Cluster Randomized

Breast cancer is the most common cancer spread among women worldwide. Whereas many studies have discussed the significance of breast cancer screening among women in various countries, few have attempted to discuss this topic among female school teachers. As teachers educate and communicate with students, this may play an essential role in health education and in promoting healthy behavior, such as breast cancer screening. The primary goal of this study is to develop and implement an educational intervention of breast cancer screening and evaluate its effectiveness among Yemeni female school teachers in Malaysia. This was carried out as per the health belief model. A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted among 183 Yemeni female school teachers in twelve schools in Klang Valley, Malaysia. A random assignment of the target schools was made to include them within the intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group were offered a 90-minute session for one-day educational intervention on breast cancer screening. On the other hand, participants in the control group were offered the same educational materials at the end of the study. Relevant data was collected at baseline, one month following the intervention, and then three- and six-months follow-up assessments. Analysis of such data was done via IBM SPSS software 25.0 by generalized estimating equations (GEE) to assess the differential changes over time. A primary outcome embodied in breast cancer screening practice uptake was expected. Secondary outcomes include the target group's knowledge on and beliefs of breast cancer screening. This study intends to contribute to the credibility and effectiveness of utilizing a theory-based breast cancer screening intervention in order to raise the awareness of women on conducting breast cancer screening.

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Towards closing the treatment gap: a team-led model of brief psycho-educational intervention

Journal of Public Mental Health ◽

10.1108/jpmh-01-2020-0004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Eliezer Yariv

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Social Protection ◽

School Psychologist ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Gap ◽

Content Type ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

12Th Grade ◽

Before And After

Purpose Many pupils who experience distress and emotional difficulties are left untreated because of the shortage of mental health professionals at schools. This study aims to explore a brief psycho-educational intervention based on school psychologist–teacher cooperation aimed at closing this treatment gap. Design/methodology/approach With a randomized controlled methodology, 79 preschools to 12th grade teachers were asked to lead a brief psycho-educational intervention with one of their pupils. A second pupil was assigned to a waiting list (control group). Each teacher and one of her/his colleagues filled a Pupil Adjustment questionnaire, being developed for this study, before and after the intervention. Findings The findings show that the intervention significantly improved the adjustment of the participating pupils, compared to the control group. That improvement related to all the dimensions of adjustment (i.e. social, protection and learning). Originality/value Teacher–school psychologist cooperation, as described here, is hardly practiced. It emerges as an effective model to assist many pupils who are currently left with no treatment. The discussion traces the next stages for outreaching that would apply to pupils in many countries and cultures.

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The Effect of Educational Program on Pain Management, Self-Efficacy Behavior, and Quality of Life among Adult Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/a-1561-8392 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jawad Ahmad Abu-Shennar ◽

Nurhan Bayraktar

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Pain Management ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Diabetic Care

Abstract Objective Jordan has a high prevalence of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN), leg complications, and amputations due to diabetes. This study evaluated the effect of educational programs on pain management, self-efficacy behaviors, and quality of life (QoL) among adult patients with PDPN. Methods The randomized controlled trial study was conducted at the Jordanian Ministry of Health hospitals between October 2019 – March 2020. Seventy-two adult patients with PDPN were randomized to an experimental group of 36 patients who attended an educational program and a control group who followed routine diabetic care in the study setting. The data were collected using a socio-demographic and diabetes clinical/laboratory data form, the numeric rating scale (NRS), diabetes self-efficacy scale (DSES), and the quality-of-life questionnaire (EQ-5D). The intervention program consisted of four educational sessions at weekly intervals. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted. Results After the educational intervention, the mean scores of the NRS (p=0.020), DSES (p<0.001), and EQ-5D (p<0.001) in the experimental group improved significantly improved compared to those in the control group. Additionally, while there were no significant correlations between the three study outcomes in the pre-test stage, correlations were observed to be significant after the educational intervention. Conclusion This study shows that the design and implementation of educational intervention combined with routine diabetic care facilitate effective pain management, self-efficacy behaviors, and QoL of patients with PDPN. The health care providers are recommended to use the educational programs for such patients at various levels of services in both health centers and diabetes clinics.

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A randomized controlled trial of a brief educational and psychological intervention for patients presenting to a cardiac clinic with palpitation

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291702005536 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 699-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. MAYOU ◽

D. SPRIGINGS ◽

J. BIRKHEAD ◽

J. PRICE

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Usual Care ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Number Needed To Treat ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Randomized Controlled

Background. We sought to determine whether a brief psycho-educational intervention reduced disability in patients with benign palpitation.Method. In a pragmatic randomized controlled trial within a cardiology clinic at a district general hospital, 80 consecutive patients diagnosed as having benign palpitation – either palpitation due to awareness of extrasystoles or sinus rhythm – with associated distress or disability were randomized to an intervention group (usual care plus nurse-delivered intervention based on cognitive-behavioural principles) or to a control group (usual care). Principal outcome was difference in proportion of participants with good or excellent researcher-rated activity levels at 3 months. Subsidiary outcomes were self-rated symptoms, distress and disability, researcher-rated unmet treatment needs.Results. The principal outcome showed a statistically and clinically significant benefit for the intervention group, with a number needed to treat of 3 (95% CIs 2 to 7). All but one subsidiary outcomes also showed a difference in favour of the intervention group, and several differences reached statistical significance. Significantly more of the control group had unmet treatment needs at 3 months.Conclusions. A brief, nurse-delivered, psycho-educational intervention, was an effective treatment for benign palpitation. Further evaluation, including assessment of cost-effectiveness, is needed. The findings have application to the care of patients presenting with other types of ‘unexplained’ medical symptoms.

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