scholarly journals Measuring the Burden of Disease Due to Preterm Birth Complications in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Min-Woo Jo ◽  
Seok-Hwan Bae ◽  
Seok-Jun Yoon ◽  
Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

The premature birth rate in Korea has increased from 13.5% in 2008 to 15.7% in 2013. The complications of premature birth are a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidities. The purpose of this study was to estimate the burden of premature birth in Korea using disability-adjusted life years (DALY). DALY consists of years of life lost (YLL) and years lost due to disability (YLD). In this study, preterm birth complications refer to nine diseases: P07, P22, P25, P26, P27, P28, P52, P77, P612, and H351 (International Classification of Diseases—10th Revision). YLL was calculated using mortality data from the 2012 National Health Insurance Data. YLD is a function of the prevalence, disability weight (DW), and duration of each complication. DW was determined by the Korean Disability Weight Study for National Burden of Disease in Korea 2013/2015. The burden of premature birth in Korea is 79,574 DALY (YLL: 43,725; YLD: 35,849). The burden for men (DALY: 43,603; YLL: 24,004; YLD: 19,599) is higher than that of women (DALY: 35,970; YLL: 19,720; YLD: 16,250). This study could provide essential data for evaluating the effects of policies intended to reduce preterm birth.

scholarly journals The burden of atherosclerosis in Portugal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Costa ◽  
Joana Alarcão ◽  
Francisco Araujo ◽  
Raquel Ascenção ◽  
Daniel Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Abstract Aims This article sought to estimate the burden of disease attributable to atherosclerosis in mainland Portugal in 2016. Methods and results The burden of atherosclerosis was measured in disability-adjusted life years following the latest 2010 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodology. Disability-adjusted life years were estimated as the sum of years of life lost (YLL) with years lived with disability (YLD). The following clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis were included: ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (including acute myocardial infarction, stable angina, and ischaemic heart failure), ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Years of life lost were estimated based on all-cause mortality data for the Portuguese population and mortality due to IHD, ICVD, and PAD for the year 2016 sourced from national statistics. Standard life expectancy was sourced from the GBD study. Years lived with disability corresponded to the product of the number of prevalent cases by an average disability weight for all possible combinations of disease. Prevalence data for the different clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis were sourced from epidemiological studies. Disability weights were sourced from the published literature. In 2016, 15 123 deaths were attributable to atherosclerosis, which corresponded to 14.3% of overall mortality in mainland Portugal. Disability-adjusted life years totalled 260 943, 75% due to premature death (196 438 YLL) and 25% due to disability (64 505 YLD). Conclusion Atherosclerosis entails a high disease burden to society. A large part of this burden would be avoidable if evidence-based effective and cost-effective interventions targeting known risk factors, from prevention to treatment, were implemented.

Life Years at Stake

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Andreas Mogensen
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Ethical Basis

In quantifying the global burden of disease in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), we must determine both Years of Life Lost (YLLs) and Years Lost to Disability (YLDs). In setting priorities for global health, many have felt that YLLs should not always simply equal life expectancy at death. To this end, Dean Jamison and colleagues recommend the use of a DALY metric that incorporates Acquisition of Life Potential (ALP). When an individual dies, the YLLs that we would otherwise count are multiplied by the value of the ALP function, which rises gradually from 0 to 1 during the first stages of an individual’s life. Jamison et al. do not provide a detailed philosophical justification for the use of gradual ALP. In this chapter I explain why I believe the Time-Relative Interest Account represents the most plausible ethical basis for the ALP approach and describe how we might model ALP in light of this account.

scholarly journals Trends in substance use and in the attributable burden of disease and mortality in the WHO European Region, 2010–16

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
Jakob Manthey ◽  
Kevin D Shield ◽  
Carina Ferreira-Borges
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
European Region ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background This paper examines changes in substance use, and compares the resulting attributable burden of disease in the WHO European Region between 2010 and 2016. Methods Data for 2010 and 2016 on the number of deaths, years of life lost (YLL) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost were obtained by sex and country from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Exposure data for all substances except alcohol were obtained from the same study, while alcohol data were obtained from the WHO. Proportional changes were calculated for the WHO European Region as a whole to identify trends and for sub-regions to identify which regions contributed most to trends. Results In the WHO European Region in 2016, substance use caused 2.1 million deaths, 48.6 million YLL and 57.9 million DALYs lost, representing 22.4, 29.0 and 20.4% of all deaths, YLL and DALYs, respectively. The substance-attributable burden of disease was higher among men than women and highest in the eastern parts of the WHO European Region. Changes in the number of deaths, YLL and DALYs lost between 2010 and 2016 were almost uniformly downward, with the largest proportional changes observed for men. Exposure to tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs also decreased uniformly. Conclusions Substance use and its attributable mortality and burden of disease have decreased in the WHO European Region since 2010. However, overall levels of substance use and the resulting burden of disease in the Region remain high compared with other regions of the world.

scholarly journals 1442The burden of COVID-19 in Australia in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynelle Moon ◽  
Anna Reynolds ◽  
Michelle Gourley
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background During 2020, there were nearly 28,500 cases of COVID-19 in Australia. Burden of disease estimates for COVID-19 have not been calculated for the Australian population. Burden of disease data on COVID-19 provide valuable information on the impact of the disease, including both fatal and non-fatal effects. Methods Burden of disease is measured using the summary measure disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). One DALY is 1 year of ‘healthy life’ lost due to illness (Years Lived with Disability) and/or death (Years of Life Lost)—the more DALYs associated with a disease or injury, the greater the burden. The analysis draws on Australian deaths, incidence and severity, as well as methods and other inputs developed in other countries reflecting current understanding about this new disease. Results There were over 8,300 DALYs lost due to COVID-19 in 2020 in Australia; 97% of the disease burden arose from fatal cases. Males lost an average of 10.7 years, and females 8.1 years, due to dying from COVID-19, using an aspirational life expectancy. The burden of disease estimates for Australia for COVID-19 are much lower than the leading diseases causing burden. Conclusions The relatively low burden for COVID-19 in Australia in 2020 compared to other diseases and other countries reflects the success Australia had in containing the virus. Key messages Most of the burden due to COVID-19 in Australia was fatal. Burden of disease estimates for COVID-19 in Australia for 2020 are much lower than the leading diseases.

scholarly journals Aumento da carga de dengue no Brasil e unidades federadas, 2000 e 2015: análise do Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo ◽  
Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra ◽  
Frederico Figueiredo Amâncio ◽  
Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos ◽  
Mariângela Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever as principais métricas sobre dengue geradas pelo Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015, para o Brasil e suas 27 unidades federadas, nos anos de 2000 e 2015. Métodos: As métricas descritas foram: taxas de incidência e de mortalidade por dengue, padronizadas por idade, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) e disability adjusted life years (DALY) (frequência absoluta e taxas padronizadas por idade). As métricas estimadas foram apresentadas com intervalos de incerteza (II 95%) para 2000 e 2015, acompanhadas da variação relativa percentual. Resultados: Verificou-se aumento de 232,7% no número de casos e de 639,0% no número de mortes entre os anos de 2000 e 2015 no país. A taxa de incidência variou 184,3% e a taxa de mortalidade mostrou-se baixa, mas com aumento de 500,0% no período avaliado. As taxas de YLL, YLD e DALY aumentaram 420,0, 187,2 e 266,1%, respectivamente. Em 2015, DALY foi semelhante entre mulheres e homens (21,9/100.000). O DALY aumentou mais que o dobro em todas as unidades da federação. Conclusão: O aumento acentuado de dengue ao longo dos anos associa-se à introdução e/ou circulação de um ou mais sorotipos do vírus e crescente proporção de pacientes acometidos pela forma grave da doença. Apesar da baixa taxa de mortalidade, a dengue contribui para considerável perda de anos saudáveis de vida no Brasil por acometer elevado número de pessoas, de todas as faixas etárias, ocasionando algum grau de incapacidade durante a infecção sintomática, e em razão dos óbitos, principalmente, em crianças.

scholarly journals Doença cerebrovascular no Brasil de 1990 a 2015: Global Burden of Disease 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Andrade Lotufo ◽  
Alessandra Carvalho Goulart ◽  
Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos ◽  
Fabio Mitsuhiro Satake ◽  
Maria de Fátima Marinho de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Global Burden Of Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

RESUMO: Objetivo: Verificar as tendências temporais das taxas de mortalidade, dos anos de vida perdidos (years of life lost - YLL) e dos anos de vida perdidos devido à incapacidade (years lost due to disability - YLD) motivadas pela doença cerebrovascular no Brasil entre 1990 e 2015. Métodos: Utilizou-se as informações do Global Burden of Diseases 2015 (GBD 2015) para analisar a magnitude e as tendências das taxas de mortalidade e dos anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (DALY - disability-adjusted life years) nas 27 unidades da Federação, entre 1990 e 2015, pela doença cerebrovascular (CID-10: I-60-69). Os estados brasileiros foram analisados pelo índice de desenvolvimento social (IDS), composto por renda per capita, proporção de escolaridade formal aos 15 anos e taxa de fecundidade. Resultados: Apesar do aumento do número absoluto de mortes pela doença cerebrovascular, a proporção de mortes abaixo dos 70 anos de idade reduziu pela metade entre 1990 e 2015. A aceleração da queda foi maior entre as mulheres, e mais acentuada no período de 1990 e 2005 do que de 2005 a 2015. O risco de morte reduziu-se à metade em todo o país; porém, os estados no tercil inferior tiveram reduções menos expressivas para homens e mulheres (respectivamente, -1,23 e -1,84% ao ano), comparados aos no tercil médio (-1,94 e -2,22%) e no tercil superior (-2,85 e -2,82%). Os anos perdidos por incapacidade também apresentam redução entre os estados, mas de forma menos expressiva. Conclusão: Apesar da redução das taxas ajustadas por idade em todo o país, a doença cerebrovascular ainda apresenta alta carga de doença, principalmente nos estados com menor desenvolvimento socioeconômico.

scholarly journals Trend analysis of disability adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Masaebi ◽  
Masoud Salehi ◽  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
Nasim Vahabi ◽  
Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of global mortality representing about one third of all deaths across the world. The objective of the present study was to model the global trend in disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and its components due to CVD over the past three decades. We also aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between CVD DALY and Human Development Index (HDI) in this period of time. Methods The age-standardized rates of years lost due to disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL) and DALY were extracted for cardiovascular diseases from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 in years 1990 to 2019. Additionally, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database was used to retrieve HDI values for all world countries at the same period time. The trend analysis was performed using the joinpoint regression model. Results The obtained revealed a significant downward trend for DALY and its components with the average annual percent change of − 1.0, − 0.3 and − 1.1 per 100,000 population, respectively for DALY, YLD and YLL. We also found that countries with high/very high levels of HDI have remarkably experienced steeper declining slope of trend than those in lower levels of HDI over the study period. Conclusions Although the observed decreasing trend of CVD burden is a hopeful message for all world countries, the considerable gap in slope of trend between richer and poorer parts of the world is a serious alarm for health policy makers. Regarding this, there is an urgent need to put more efforts on implementing preventive programs, improving the level of patients’ care and providing efficient treatment, especially in regions with lower levels of HDI.

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