scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early Pubertal Timing Among Girls: A Meta-Analysis

Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Ying Sun

The association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and pubertal timing has been a topic of enduring controversy. A systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was undertaken to quantify the magnitude of total and specific forms of ACEs effects on early pubertal timing among girls. Our search identified 3280 records, of which 43 studies with 46 independent data sets met inclusion criteria. We estimated pooled effect sizes (Cohen’s ds) for the association between ACEs with early pubertal timing. Total ACEs was not associated with early pubertal timing. When we examined the specific types of ACEs, associations were small to medium for father absence (d = −0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.63, −0.16) and small for sexual abuse (d = −0.13, CI: −0.17, −0.10) and family dysfunction (d = −0.08, CI: −0.11, −0.02). We identified considerable heterogeneity between estimates for almost all of the outcomes. ACEs exposure may affect female reproductive reproduction, particularly father absence, sexual abuse, and family dysfunction. We propose that future research in this area test a theoretical model linking adversity with earlier reproductive strategy, which includes early pubertal timing as a core component linking early adversity and stress physiology with poor health outcomes later in life in females.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Lance Hemady ◽  
Siu Ching Wong ◽  
Christina Thurston ◽  
Deborah Fry ◽  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Research suggests that maternal exposure to childhood adversity is associated with substance use during pregnancy and poor infant outcomes (i.e., premature birth, low birth weight). However, to date, no systematic review has synthesised the effect of ACEs on these three outcomes. Method: The framework for this review will be adapted from the guidelines laid out in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. The electronic databases to be searched will include: PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and CINAHL and will be carried out by one reviewer. Studies that fit the pre-specified eligibility criteria will be screened, assessed, and extracted independently by two reviewers with discrepancies to be resolved by a third reviewer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional and cohort studies will be used to critically evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies. If a sufficient number of studies are found to be comparable, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model.Discussion: This review will provide supporting evidence on the body of literature exploring the long-term and intergenerational consequences of adverse childhood experiences. The results of the review can help inform policies and interventions related to maternal health as well as early childhood development. The gaps identified in the review can also help inform recommendations for future research.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Lance Hemady ◽  
Siu Ching Wong ◽  
Christina Thurston ◽  
Deborah Fry ◽  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Research suggests that maternal exposure to childhood adversity is associated with substance use during pregnancy and poor infant outcomes (i.e., premature birth, low birth weight). However, to date, no systematic review has synthesised the effect of ACEs on these three outcomes.Method: The framework for this review will be adapted from the guidelines laid out in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. The electronic databases to be searched will include: PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and CINAHL and will be carried out by one reviewer. Studies that fit the pre-specified eligibility criteria will be screened, assessed, and extracted independently by two reviewers with discrepancies to be resolved by a third reviewer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional and cohort studies will be used to critically evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies. If a sufficient number of studies are found to be comparable, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model.Discussion: This review will provide supporting evidence on the body of literature exploring the long-term and intergenerational consequences of adverse childhood experiences. The results of the review can help inform policies and interventions related to maternal health as well as early childhood development. The gaps identified in the review can also help inform recommendations for future research.


2021 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 105088
Author(s):  
Zhao Hu ◽  
Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jiefeng Liu ◽  
Huilan Xu

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie S Guinn ◽  
Katie A Ports ◽  
Derek C Ford ◽  
Matt Breiding ◽  
Melissa T Merrick

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can negatively affect lifelong health and opportunity. Acquired brain injury (ABI), which includes traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as other causes of brain injury, is a health condition that affects millions annually. The present study uses data from the 2014 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine the relationship between ACEs and ABI. The study sample included 3454 participants who completed questions on both ABI and ACEs. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between ACEs and ABI as well as ACEs and TBI. Sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, household mental illness and household substance abuse were significantly associated with ABI after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, gender and employment. Compared with those reporting no ACEs, individuals reporting three ACEs had 2.55 times the odds of having experienced an ABI; individuals reporting four or more ACEs had 3.51 times the odds of having experienced an ABI. Examining TBI separately, those who experienced sexual abuse, physical abuse, household mental illness and had incarcerated household members in childhood had greater odds of reported TBI, after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, gender and income. Respondents reporting three ACEs (AOR=4.16, 95% CI (1.47 to 11.76)) and four or more ACEs (AOR=3.39, 95% CI (1.45 to 7.90)) had significantly greater odds of reporting TBI than respondents with zero ACEs. Prevention of early adversity may reduce the incidence of ABI; however, additional research is required to elucidate the potential pathways from ACEs to ABI, and vice versa.


Metabolism ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1408-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Huang ◽  
Peipei Yan ◽  
Zhilei Shan ◽  
Sijing Chen ◽  
Moying Li ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Damion J. Grasso

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to a broad range of events that can reflect physical or psychological threats to safety, as well as deprivation of basic needs, essential resources, or caregiving necessary for children to thrive and attain healthy development. ACEs can constitute potentially traumatic experiences or nontraumatic adversities with the potential to exacerbate trauma-related impairment or compromise trauma recovery and resilience. This chapter explores ACEs in the context of trauma and trauma-related impairment across the life span. It covers research employing variable- and person-centered analytic strategies for quantifying cumulative and unique constellations of ACEs that probabilistically co-occur, contemporaneously or across development, to influence risk and resilience. Studies examining intergenerational patterns and biological correlates are introduced and progress toward delineating causal risk mechanisms discussed. In addition, several existing tools and methods for assessing ACEs in young and school-age children, adolescents, and adults are summarized. Clinical and public health implications of ACE screening in healthcare, schools, and other settings are considered, as is the clinical application of research on ACEs in trauma-specific prevention and treatment. The chapter concludes with a focus on future research priorities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1720336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Lopes ◽  
Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak ◽  
João Paulo Machado de Sousa ◽  
Flávia de Lima Osório

Author(s):  
Maria B. Ospina ◽  
Jesus A. Serrano-Lomelin ◽  
Sana Amjad ◽  
Anne Hicks ◽  
Gerald F. Giesbrecht

Abstract Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with complex etiology. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to asthma in adulthood. Underlying potential mechanisms for the ACE-asthma relationship include stress-induced inflammatory pathways and immune dysregulation. We conducted a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of the 2013 Alberta ACE Survey to explore the relationship between latent ACE factors and self-reported adult asthma. We evaluated the underlying correlation structure among eight different ACEs using exploratory factor analysis. We conducted a logistic regression model to evaluate whether ACE factors retained from the factor analysis predicted self-reported asthma in adulthood. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We analyzed ACE survey results from 1207 participants. Factor analysis yielded four ACE latent factors: factor 1/relational violence, factor 2/negative home environment, factor 3/illness at home, and factor 4/sexual abuse. Results of the logistic regression showed that experiencing sexual abuse (OR: 3.23; 95% CI: 1.89, 5.23), relational violence (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.38), and being exposed to a negative home environment (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.35) were predictive of a diagnosis of asthma in adulthood, whereas living in a household with someone experiencing illness did not show an effect (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.75, 2.56). Factor analysis provides an effectual approach to understand the long-term impact of ACEs on respiratory health. Our findings have important implications to understand the developmental origins of asthma in adulthood and inform interventions aimed at reducing the lasting negative impact of childhood adversities on future respiratory health.


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