Sub-Daily Simulation of Mountain Flood Processes Based on the Modified Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model

Floods not only provide a large amount of water resources, but they also cause serious disasters. Although there have been numerous hydrological studies on flood processes, most of these investigations were based on rainfall-type floods in plain areas. Few studies have examined high temporal resolution snowmelt floods in high-altitude mountainous areas. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is a typical semi-distributed, hydrological model widely used in runoff and water quality simulations. The degree-day factor method used in SWAT utilizes only the average daily temperature as the criterion of snow melting and ignores the influence of accumulated temperature. Therefore, the influence of accumulated temperature on snowmelt was added by increasing the discriminating conditions of rain and snow, making that more suitable for the simulation of snowmelt processes in high-altitude mountainous areas. On the basis of the daily scale, the simulation of the flood process was modeled on an hourly scale. This research compared the results before and after the modification and revealed that the peak error decreased by 77% and the time error was reduced from ±11 h to ±1 h. This study provides an important reference for flood simulation and forecasting in mountainous areas.

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STREAMFLOW SIMULATION: COMPARISON BETWEEN SOIL WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-638 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 173-182

Author(s):

Shehu Usman Haruna ◽

Aliyu Kasim Abba ◽

Rabi'u Aminu

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Artificial Neural Network ◽

Soil Water ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Artificial Neural ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment ◽

Streamflow Simulation

The present study compared the performance of two different models for streamflow simulation namely: Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). During the calibration periods, the Nash-Sutcliff (NS) and Coefficient of Determination (R2) for SWAT was 0.74 and 0.81 respectively, whereas for ANN, it was 0.99 and 0.85 respectively. The ANN performs better during the validation period as the result revealed with NS and R2 having 0.98 and 0.89 respectively, while for the SWAT model it was 0.71 and 0.74 respectively. Based on the recommended comparison of graphical and statistical evaluation performances of both models, the ANN model performed better in estimating peak flow events than the SWAT model in the Upper Betwa Basin. Furthermore, the rigorous time required and expertise for calibration of the SWAT is much less as compared with the ANN. Moreover, the results obtained from both models demonstrate the performances of the

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Simulasi Skenario Penutupan Lahan untuk Melihat Kondisi Hidrologi di Das Lisu, Kabupaten Barru

Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat ◽

10.24259/jhm.v11i1.5358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Samsul Labaco ◽

Usman Arsyad ◽

Anwar Umar

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Soil Water ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Swat Model ◽

Overlay Method ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment

The disruption of hydrological cycle will reduce watershed's ability to store water, so that discharge in dry season decreases and discharge in rainy season increases. These problems are caused by changes in land cover from forested land to non-forested. This study aims to develop a scenario for land cover planning that should be applied in the Lisu Watershed, Barru Regency. This study is mapping based on non-experimental research. The data obtained were analyzed spatially by overlay method. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is used in preparation of land cover planning scenarios to predict hydrological conditions. The results showed that scenario 2, namely land cover planning based on the district space map pattern is the best scenario. Addition of forest area to 61.60% resulting in the lowest yield of 3461.54 mm/year and 1519.53 mm/year. While the infiltration value produced is the highest infiltration value, which is 2299.20 mm/year.

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Accurate Simulation of Ice and Snow Runoff for the Mountainous Terrain of the Kunlun Mountains, China

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12010179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 179 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yongchao Duan ◽

Tie Liu ◽

Fanhao Meng ◽

Ye Yuan ◽

Min Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

High Temporal Resolution ◽

Ice Melt ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Improved Model ◽

The Impact ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment

While mountain runoff provides great potential for the development and life quality of downstream populations, it also frequently causes seasonal disasters. The accurate modeling of hydrological processes in mountainous areas, as well as the amount of meltwater from ice and snow, is of great significance for the local sustainable development, hydropower regulations, and disaster prevention. In this study, an improved model, the Soil Water Assessment Tool with added ice-melt module (SWATAI) was developed based on the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a semi-distributed hydrological model, to simulate ice and snow runoff. A temperature condition used to determine precipitation types has been added in the SWATAI model, along with an elevation threshold and an accumulative daily temperature threshold for ice melt, making it more consistent with the runoff process of ice and snow. As a supplementary reference, the comparison between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the quantity of meltwater were conducted to verify the simulation results and assess the impact of meltwater on the ecology. Through these modifications, the accuracy of the daily flow simulation results has been considerably improved, and the contribution rate of ice and snow melt to the river discharge calculated by the model increased by 18.73%. The simulation comparison of the flooding process revealed that the accuracy of the simulated peak flood value by the SWATAI was 77.65% higher than that of the SWAT, and the temporal accuracy was 82.93% higher. The correlation between the meltwater calculated by the SWATAI and the NDVI has also improved significantly. This improved model could simulate the flooding processes with high temporal resolution in alpine regions. The simulation results could provide technical support for economic benefits and reasonable reference for flood prevention.

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Application of Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model in Analyzing Nitrogen Transport Inside the Narmada River Basin

Frontiers in Water ◽

10.3389/frwa.2021.765957 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Prakrut Kansara ◽

Venkataraman Lakshmi

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

High Rate ◽

Western India ◽

Discharge Data ◽

Narmada River ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment

The Narmada River is one of the largest rivers in Western India encompassing a watershed area of 92,672 km2. It is one of the most important rivers for water needs of the state of Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. The climate of the basin is humid and tropical but region surrounding this river watershed is predominantly dry and resembles semi-arid conditions. The population inside the states covering this watershed increased by an average of 23% from 1991 to 2011 causing multitude of water scarcity and water quality deterioration issues. These problems were caused by increase in sewage waste and untreated industrial discharge dumped into the river stream along with chemical fertilizers washing off from the farmlands flowing into the river. While there are several studies that model the watershed hydrology and water balance components, there has been no study that analyses the transport of nutrients inside the watershed. This study aims at using a semi-distributed hydrological model—Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to model the nitrogen (NO2 + NO3) transport and distribution inside the basin for 2001–2019. Nutrients and discharge data from Central Water Commission (CWC) of India were used to build this model along with other required input forcing obtained through remotely sensed datasets. We found that the subbasins near boundary of the Narmada watershed are experiencing significant increase in nitrogen concentrations at an estimated rate of 0.0001–0.002 mg/L/yr. The potential reason for such increase is high rate of conversion of forested land to agricultural land causing usage of fertilizers that are rich in nitrogen.

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HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE MODELLING IN LUTANANDWA RIVER CATCHMENT, LIMPOPO, SOUTH AFRICA, USING SOIL WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL (SWAT) MODEL

Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment ◽

10.37017/jeae-volume5-no1.2019-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1.2019) ◽

Author(s):

J.P.O Obiero ◽

M.O Marenya ◽

T.R Nkuna ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Soil Water ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

Hydrologic Response ◽

River Catchment ◽

Response Modelling ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment

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Applying the Soil Water Assessment Tool to 5th Canadian Division Support Base Gagetown

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrjc.2014.012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 372-385

Author(s):

Shawn Burdett ◽

Michael Hulley ◽

Andy Smith

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Soil Water ◽

Land Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Quality Model ◽

Sediment Yields ◽

Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽

Water Assessment

A hydrologic and water quality model is sought to establish an approach to land management decisions for a Canadian Army training base. Training areas are subjected to high levels of persistent activity creating unique land cover and land-use disturbances. Deforestation, complex road networks, off-road manoeuvres, and vehicle stream crossings are among major anthropogenic activities observed to affect these landscapes. Expanding, preserving and improving the quality of these areas to host training activities for future generations is critical to maintain operational effectiveness. Inclusive to this objective is minimizing resultant environmental degradation, principally in the form of hydrologic fluctuations, excess erosion, and sedimentation of aquatic environments. Application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was assessed for its ability to simulate hydrologic and water quality conditions observed in military landscapes at 5th Canadian Division Support Base (5 CDSB) Gagetown, New Brunswick. Despite some limitations, this model adequately simulated three partial years of daily watershed outflow (NSE = 0.47–0.79, R2 = 0.50–0.88) and adequately predicted suspended sediment yields during the observation periods (%d = 6–47%) for one highly disturbed sub-watershed in Gagetown. Further development of this model may help guide decisions to develop or decommission training areas, guide land management practices and prioritize select landscape mitigation efforts.

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