Karakteristik Fungsional Agroforestry dan Kontribusi Terhadap Pendapatan Masyarakat Di Kecamatan Bulukumpa Kabupaten Bulukumba

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengidentifikasi karakteristik agroforestrinya, menganalisis potensi agroforestri yang dikelola oleh masyarakat serta menganalisis kontribusi agroforestri terhadap pendapatan masyarakat di Kecamatan Bulukumpa, Kabupaten Bulukumba. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bulukumpa, Kabupaten Bulukumba, dan dilaksanakan selama berbulan-bulan September hingga bulan Desember 2016. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif agroforestri serta penghitungan nilai ekonomi dengan menggunakan formula pendapatan dan rumus hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Potensi agroforestri dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sangat tinggi dan dikeluarkan dariPendapatan tanaman perkebunan sebesar 65,26% serta memberikan kontribusi terhadap pendapatan masyarakat sebesar 78,69%. Kata kunci: karakteristik, agroforestri, kontibusi

Peranan Berbagai Pola Agroforestri Terhadap Tingkat Resiliensi Petani Di SUB DAS Minraleng Hulu

This research wants to see the roles of various agroforestry patterns and the level of resilience of farmers in facing crisis/ekstreme conditions and how it affects farmers household income.This study aims to (1) describe the patterns of agroforestry applied by farmers, (2) Determine factors that influence resilience, (3) Analyze the level of resilience in various agroforestry patterns in the Upper Minraleng Upper watershed. Qualitative and quantitative analysis ware carried out on farmers in various agroforestry patterns and supported by research respondent information for each agroforestry pattern, 30 respondents were selected so that the total of respondens was 90 farmer household respondents. The results of the study shows that the agroforestry pattern applied by farmers in the Upper Minraleng Sub-watershed is dominanted by teak, candlenut and acacia agroforestry patterns, in which all three patterns are managed in the form of agrisilviculture. Factors affecting resilience in various agroforestry patterns of farmers are the time of recovery at a critical time and the level of adaptation at a critical time. In addition, the highest resilience level is candlenut-dominanted agroforestry pattern farmers with a total score of 1970, moderate resilience level in teak-dominanted agroforestry patterns with a total score of 1844 and the lowest agroforestry level in teak dominated agroforestry patterns with a total score of 1634. Keywords: Agroforestry, Resilience, Resilience of Level

Potensi Biomassa Dan Karbon Tersimpan Tegakan di Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Polewali, Sulawesi Barat

Global warming is one of the major environmental issues of this century. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are the main cause of global warming. Green open space (RTH) such as urban parks, urban forests and green lines play an important role in mitigating global warming and climate change in urban areas because it is able to reduce CO2 from the atmosphere. This study aims to determine the potential of biomass and carbon stored in the Green Open Green Space of Polewali, West Sulawesi. Data collection for stored biomass and carbon is carried out at three green space locations including; Urban forest and city park and green lane each made three plots measuring 20 m x 20 m, and three plots on the Green Line measuring 1200 m. Retrieval of data by measuring tree height and diameter, analysis to obtain the dry volume, biomass and carbon stored for each tree species contained in the Polewali green space. Biomass is obtained by the formula M = BJ x Vk x BEF, the stored carbon value is obtained from the product of biomass by 0.47. The magnitude of the relationship of volume with biomass and carbon uses a regression equation (Ŷ=a+bX). The results show there are types of Glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia), Johar (Senna siamea), Mahogany (Swetenia sp) and Trambesi (Samanea saman) which are spread in the Polewali open green space. Trambesi is a type that has dominant biomass and stored carbon of 381.95 (tons / ha) and 179.52 (ton/ha). Green lane is the type of green space that has the most stored carbon and is currently 440.94 (ton/ha) and 207.24 (ton/ha). The overall green space biomass is 571.83 (ton/ha) and stored carbon is 268.76 (ton/ha) found in urban forests, urban gardens and green belt. The relationship of volume with biomass and stored carbon shows a very strong relationship with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.96.

Dinamika Kelompok Tani Hutan Desa (KTHD) Bontomarannu Di Desa Labbo, Kecamatan Tompobulu, Kabupaten Bantaeng

Group Dynamics are powers, movements, or changes which occur within a group and influence its members in achieving their purposes. This research aims to determine the group dynamics of Village Forest Farmers Community at Labbo Village, Tompobulu Sub-District, Bantaeng District. The research was conducted in Labbo Village, Tompobulu District, Bantaeng. The data collection process was conducted by using qualitative approach that describes circumstances or events regarding humans’ states or behaviors in particular places in a deep and detail manner. Data collection process was done by interviewing 15 samples that were chosen by purposive sampling. The results of these interviews would be then analyzed by using descriptive analysis. Based on the 8 group dynamics elements, the research found that the group dynamics of Bontomarannu Village Forest Farmers Community, could be categorized as dynamic

Peran Struktur Sosial Masyarakat Sekitar Hutan Dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan di Desa Betao Riase

Struktur sosial merupakan suatu bangunan sosial yang terdiri dari unsur-unsur sosial yang saling berkaitan satu sama lain secara fungsional. Struktur sosial dianggap mampu menjaga kelestarian hutan dan kesehjatraan masyarakat melalui berbagai peran yang dilakukan oleh seseorang yang menempati kedudukan tertentu. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang peranan struktur sosial masyarakat (Stratifikasi dan Diferensiasi) dalam kaitanya dengan pengelolaan Hutan kemasyarakatan di Desa Betao Riase. Tujuan dari penelitan ini untuk mendeskripsikan peran struktur sosial dalam setiap tahapan pengelolaan hutan kemasyarakatan di Desa Betao Riase. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019 – Januari 2020 bertempat di Desa Beato Riase, Kecamatan Pitu Riawa Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara dan diskusi dengan 30 sampel yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data hasil wawancara dan diskusi kemudian di analisis dengan mengunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor pembentuk stratifikasi sosial pada pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan di Betao Riase ditentukan oleh kemampuan ekonomi, kemampuan pendidikan, kekuasaan, dan kehormatan. Adapun peran yang dilaksankan pada setiap tahapan pengelolaan Hutan kemasyarakatan (penyususnan struktur organisasi, perencanaan, persiapan lahan, jenis tanaman dan pola tanam, penanaman dan pemeliharaan, pemanenan serta pemasaran dan bagi hasil) berupa bantuan pendidikan dan kesehatan, bantuan pengurusan administrasi, bantuan dana dan sumbangan yang ketiga hal ini biasa dilakukan oleh orang yang menempati kedudukan yang tinggi dan orang yang menempati kedudukan yang rendah hanya memberikan bantuan tenaga kerja. Pada pengelolan Hutan kemasyarakat dapat menjadi sosial kontrol untuk terciptanya kelestarian hutan dan juga berperan sebagai pendukung dari segi ekonomi dan material untuk kesejahtraan masyarakat.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Lebah Madu Kelompok Tani Mau Sigaro Hutan Kemasyarakatan Desa Gamsungi Kabupaten Halmahera Barat

The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of Mau Sigaro farmer group in Gamsungi village and identified internal and external factors that became the strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats of the honey bee cultivation business, in order to find a good strategy to develop it using SWOT matrix. The result of SWOT analysis showed the strength point was consisted of professional human resorces, received capital assistance, produced a pure honey, and short marketing channel. The weakness of this farmer group was limited opportunity for all the member to join some workshop related to honey bee cultivation, needed more capital assistance to pay the maintenance expense, the price of the product was cheap, using manual technic, and none market promotion. The opportunities identified as the support from the government to the farmer group and it had gained consumer trust towards the product. The threats was found as weather exchange, it had not used technology to gain information, and it still did not have a permanent marketing partner to distribute the product. Alternative stategy can be used to develope the honey bee business based on SWOT result is Mau Sigaro farmer group needs to gain more relation with the government and marketing partner, increase the number of production and the quality of the product, send the member to join honey bee cultivation workshop, using the newest technology in honey bee cultivation and mass communication to spread the product information, and using an attractive packaging to gain more consumers. Key words: honey bee cultivation, farmer group, developing strategy, SWOT

Effect of Land Cover Change on Discharge in Pangkajene Watershed

Land cover changes that occur impact on the hydrological conditions in a watershed. The hydrological condition referred to as the output quantity of the watershed is discharge which describes the quantity of water. This study aims to determine the effect of land cover change on streamflow in the Pangkajene Watershed. The results showed that there was a decrease in average peak discharge in January of 213.73 m3/s to 95.79 m3/s in the same month in 2017. Land cover changes that occurred were mixed dryland farming of bushes into paddy fields, shrubs, and settlements while forests was experienced a slight change to open land by 0.69 ha. The increase in the area of paddy fields and shrubs as large as it causes the average discharge to decrease. A decrease in the average monthly discharge in the Pangkajene watershed due to rainfall on its way into the rice irrigation water experienced process begin from, is accommodated, evaporates, so that the flow up to the river becomes small. In addition, rainfall in 2009 which is the input of the Pangkajene watershed is higher than in 2017.

Konservasi Kupu-kupu Papilio demoleus Linn. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) dengan Teknologi Makanan Buatan

The purpose of the research is to study and increase of lime butterfly (Papilio demoleus L.) population used artificial diets, then avoid endangered species status of butterfly in nature. For the future, result of research giving more information about mass rearing techniques of P. demoleus butterflies using artificial diet. P. demoleus larvae and pupae were collected from pomelo (Citrus maxima L.) in the yard of communities in the Pattunuang Resort, Maros district, South Sulawesi. The pomelo leaves as the main food source of P. demoleus larvae taken from the farm around Bontomate'ne village, Pangkep district, South Sulawesi. The experimental activities were conducted in the Pest Laboratory, Pests and Plant Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from February to April 2019. The treatment for P. demoleus larvae were: P0 = fresh pomelo leaves (control); P1 = 35% red bean flour + 35% pomelo leaves + 30% vitamin, water agar, and other ingredients; P2 = 25% red bean flour + 25% soybean flour + 25% pomelo leaves + 25% vitamin, water agar, and other ingredients. Ten 2nd instar of P. demoleus larvae were placed in the plastic containers (diameter = 8 cm, height = 6 cm) covered with gauze, respectively. The fresh pomelo leaves given in whole form, while artificial diet in gel form given as much as 5 g for each larvae in the container. Every day the container was cleaned from food and larvae faeces. The experiments were arranged in Randomized Block Design with four treatments and ten replications. The result was showed P0 is the highest number increasing body weight of P. demoleus larvae. The second highest result increasing P. demoleus body weight was showed by P2 since 2nd instar (0.74 g) until four instar (0.87 g). Observation body length of P. demoleus, P0 was showed the highest number increasing the parameter. The second highest result of body length was showed at P2 started 2nd instar (0.24 cm) through four instar (1.72 cm). Findings at sex ratio and survival, P0 was showed the highest number adult of P. demoleus (8 individual), P2 (3 individual) and P1 (1 individual), respectively. The highest sex ratio of female P. demoleus resulted by P0 (3 individual), P2 (1 individual), respectively. The conclusion is : P2 made from red bean flour + soy bean flour + leaves of pomelo increasing body weight and length of P. demoleus larvae. P1 (red bean flour + leaves of pomelo) treatment was showed the lowest number in development of P. demoleus.

Potensi Pengembangan Ekowisata Rumbia Kabupaten Jeneponto

Indonesia mengalami perkembangan industri yang sangat pesat, salah satunya adalah industri Pariwisata. Salah satu subsektor industri pariwsata yang paling banyak dikunjungi adalah ekowisata. Pengembanagn ekowisata dapat berperan sebagai model pengembangan pariwisata berkelanjutan yang memperhatikan aspek ekologi, sosial, dan ekonomi serta bagian dari kebijakan lokal. Maka dilakukan kajian potensi pengembangan ekowisata dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) yang digunakan untuk menyusun potensi pengembangan ekowisata di Kecamatan Rumbia. Analisis deskriptif dimulai dengan identifikasi potensi ekowisata, aksesibilitas, dan fasilitas yang merupakan bagian dari lingkungan internal (IFAS) untuk mengetahui berbagai kemungkinan kekuatan dan kelemahan dengan. Adapun analisis lingkungan eksternal (EFAS) untuk mengetahui berbagai kemungkinan peluang dan ancaman diperoleh persepsi stekholder, masyarakat dan wisatawan terhadap potensi pengembangan ekowisata Kecamatan Rumbia. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh bahwa Kawasan Ekowisata Kecamatan Rumbia ini merupakan daerah yang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai wisata dilihat dari kapasitas ekologi berupa daya tarik, kapasitas sosial, dan kapasitas ekonomi, namun kapasitas sarana prasarana belum memadai yang harus direncanakan baik. Strtegi priorotas dalam mendukung pengembangan Kawasan ekowisata Kecamatan Rumbia dengan cepat adalah mengembangankan paket perjalan pada Kawasan Ekowisata, membangun akses dengan pusat ekonomi, Pendidikan, dan pemerintahan, melakukan kerja sama dengan Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi selatan dari segala aspek, dan melakukan promosi melalui sosial media.

Optimization of Mangrove Ecosystem Management in Kawasan Bungkutoko, Southeast Sulawesi as Ecotourism Area

This study aims to determine (1) Assessment of Bungkutoko Ecotourism Conditions; and (2) Supporting factors for optimizing management, and (3) strategies for optimizing management. This research will be carried out for three months from September to December 2018 in the Bungkutoko mangrove tracking ecotourism area, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi (Figure 1). Identification of unknown mangrove species will be carried out at the Laboratory of Conservation of forest resources and ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University. The results of the study: (1) Biophysical potential of mangrove ecotourism in Bungkutoko, namely 8 species of mangrove plants consisting of Avicennia lanata, Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis, L faustis and L faecus, and Lizar. from birds and reptiles. (2) Condition of mangrove ecotourism practices in Bungkutoko Not optimal, both in terms of education, conservation and welfare. (3) The ecotourism development strategy in Bungkutoko is in quadrant II (S-T strategy). The strategies formulated in quadrant II include: increasing the availability of educational facilities, increasing efforts to preserve the environment of mangrove forests, empowering local communities, increasing Human Resources, and working with the Kendari city government and the private sector to add infrastructure.