scholarly journals Is Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emission an Important Factor Affecting Healthcare Expenditure? Evidence from China, 2005–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Zhuo ◽  
Xu ◽  
Xu ◽  
Gao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Bayesian Quantile Regression ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Relationship

As a result of China’s economic growth, air pollution, including carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, has caused serious health problems and accompanying heavy economic burdens on healthcare. Therefore, the effect of carbon dioxide emission on healthcare expenditure (HCE) has attracted the interest of many researchers, most of which have adopted traditional empirical methods, such as ordinary least squares (OLS) or quantile regression (QR), to analyze the issue. This paper, however, attempts to introduce Bayesian quantile regression (BQR) to discuss the relationship between carbon dioxide emission and HCE, based on the longitudinal data of 30 provinces in China (2005–2016). It was found that carbon dioxide emission is, indeed, an important factor affecting healthcare expenditure in China, although its influence is not as great as the income variable. It was also revealed that the effect of carbon dioxide emission on HCE at a higher quantile was much smaller, which indicates that most people are not paying sufficient attention to the correlation between air pollution and healthcare. This study also proves the applicability of Bayesian quantile regression and its ability to offer more valuable information, as compared to traditional empirical tools, thus expanding and deepening research capabilities on the topic.

Urbanization and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission nexus in the CEMAC countries

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Aloysius Ngong ◽  
Dimna Bih ◽  
Chinyere Onyejiaku ◽  
Josaphat Uchechukwu Joe Onwumere
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between urbanization and carbon dioxide emission in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community from 1990 to 2019. The literature reveals that the relationship between urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions is still debatable and the existing findings are inconclusive.Design/methodology/approachCarbon dioxide is the regressand; while, urbanization, gross domestic product (GDP) and financial development (FD), rule of law (ROL) and government effectiveness (GEF) are the regressors. Johansen Fisher and Kao residual co-integration tests alongside the fully modified and dynamic ordinary least squares.FindingsThe results show a significant positive relationship between urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions. The causality tests results show that carbon dioxide granger causes urbanization, GDP and FD unit directionally.Research limitations/implicationsThe countries' governments should effectively improve their legal systems to regulate carbon dioxide emissions. Urbanization laws should be implemented to limit urbanization environmental deteriorating effects on carbon dioxide emissions. This occurs as the countries practiced unregulated urbanization which increases population's environmental impacts. The study recommends sustainable green urbanization policies for environmental conservation through tree planting and horticulture. Balance development in urban and rural areas is vital to decongest the urban cities' pressure in the states. The governments should motivate the private sector with rural investments captivating policies to limit rural urban migration.Originality/valueThe findings contribute value by supporting a positive link between urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions in the CEMAC zone. The causality tests findings confirm the view that carbon dioxide granger causes urbanization, GDP and FD unit directionally. This value addition is essential to the governments and policy makers to mitigate urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions in the CEMAC region.

Life Cycle Assessment of Typical Electric Vehicle IGBT Module

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Igbt Module ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Based on Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of producing a typical electric vehicle (EV) IGBT module by the GaBi software has been analyzed. Carbon dioxide emission of each step, including raw material production, frontend, backend and transportation, of the whole life cycle was identified and evaluated. The results show that the CO2 emission of the frontend accounts for 51% of the total emission, and that of the backend accounts for 32.8%.

scholarly journals The Nonlinear Links Between Urbanization And CO2: Evidence From Unconditional Quantile And Threshold Regression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kocoglu ◽  
Ashar Awan ◽  
Ahmet Tunc ◽  
Alper Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Threshold Regression ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
Quantile Regression Method ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The extant literature has provided empirical evidences about the relationship between urbanization and environment, however, a little attention has been paid to non-linear relationship among them. This study aims to measure the effects of urbanization on carbon dioxide emission using quantile and threshold regression method. To this end, the study employed threshold analysis and quantile regression method and analyzed the variation of such non-linearity for different levels of carbon dioxide using quantile regression. The results illustrate that a single threshold and two regimes exist and the threshold for urbanization is 29.56%. Across both regimes, the elasticity estimates form an inverted U-shape impact of urbanization on the carbon dioxide emission. The increase in the marginal effect of urbanization on carbon dioxide emissions up to the median level and a declining trend after this level implies that environmental quality significantly improves for emerging country.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF ENERGY AND CO2 EMISSION INTENSITIES: A STUDY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (02) ◽  
pp. 389-407
Author(s):  
SANTOSH K. SAHU ◽  
DEEPANJALI MEHTA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Indian Manufacturing Sector

This paper investigates determinants of energy and emission intensities of manufacturing firms in India, from 2000 to 2014. Given that Indian manufacturing sector is one of the world’s most polluting sectors in terms of CO2 emissions; we arrive at firm level determinants of energy and carbon dioxide emission intensities from consumption of three primary sources of energy, namely (1) Coal, (2) Natural Gas and (3) Petroleum. The results of the regression analysis suggest that there are inter-firm differences in energy and emission intensity. The results indicate that smaller and larger firms are both energy and emission intensive compared to medium sized firms. Similarly, firms spending more in research and development activities are found to be energy and emission efficient, compare to others. Hence, in the global competitive business environment, Government of India should carefully formulate policies suitable for the medium sized firms to make them energy and emission efficient.

scholarly journals CO2 Emission to the Atmosphere from Carbonate Waters: The Study Case of the Lublin Upland and Roztocze Regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-511
Author(s):  
Stanisław Chmiel ◽  
Stanisław Hałas ◽  
Tomasz Pieńkos ◽  
Sławomir Głowacki ◽  
Ewa Maciejewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Annual Carbon ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Groundwater Outflow

Abstract The concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in water (CO2(aq)) was measured in consecutive phases of the hydrological cycle. Its potentially possible degassing from groundwaters to the atmosphere was also assessed. The research was conducted in the area of occurrence of carbonate rocks of the Lublin Upland and Roztocze (SE Poland). The results of the measurements of CO2(aq) concentration varied as follows (min-max/mean): precipitation waters < 1-3/2.6 mg · dm−3, soil waters 3-50/14.2 mg · dm−3, groundwaters 10-70/30.3 mg · dm−3, river waters < 1-21/7.6 mg · dm−3. The measure of degassing of carbon dioxide from groundwaters to the atmosphere was a decrease in CO2(aq) concentration in fluvial outflow. Based on the value of groundwater outflow from the Lublin Upland and Roztocze, the annual carbon dioxide emission from waters to the atmosphere was calculated at a level of 50 thousand Mg · year−1. This value constitutes approximately 1% of anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide originating from environmentally harmful industrial plants in the Lublin province.

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