scholarly journals Effects of Pre-Oxidation on Haloacetonitrile and Trichloronitromethane Formation during Subsequent Chlorination of Nitrogenous Organic Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Wang ◽  
Chenshuo Lin ◽  
Zhen Shen ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Hang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water ◽  
By Products

The reaction between organic matter and disinfectants leads to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water. With the improvement of detection technology and in-depth research, more than 1000 kinds of DBPs have been detected in drinking water. Nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs) are more genotoxic and cytotoxic than the regulated DBPs. The main methods are enhanced coagulation, pretreatment, and depth technologies which based are on conventional technology. Amino acids (AAs) are widely found in surface waters and play an important role by providing precursors from which toxic nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) are generated in chlorinated drinking water. The formation of N-DBPs, including dichloroacetonitrile, trichloroacetonitrile, and trichloronitromethane (TCNM), was investigated by analyzing chlorinated water using ozone (OZ), permanganate (PM), and ferrate (Fe(VI)) pre-oxidation processes. This paper has considered the control of pre-oxidation over N-DBPs formation of AAs, OZ, PM, and Fe(VI) pre-oxidation reduced the haloacetonitrile formation in the downstream chlorination. PM pre-oxidation decreased the TCNM formation during the subsequent chlorination, while Fe(VI) pre-oxidation had no significant influence on the TCNM formation, and OZ pre-oxidation increased the formation. OZ pre-oxidation formed the lowest degree of bromine substitution during subsequent chlorination of aspartic acid in the presence of bromide. Among the three oxidants, PM pre-oxidation was expected to be the best choice for reducing the estimated genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of the sum of the measured haloacetonitriles (HANs) and TCNM without bromide. Fe(VI) pre-oxidation had the best performance in the presence of bromide.

Progress on Drinking Water Treatment with Chlorine Dioxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhong Guo ◽  
Yan Zhen Yu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Guang Yong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Filter Water ◽  
By Products

By the reason of strong responses activity and oxidation ability, Chlorine dioxide as oxidant and disinfectant has been applied to peroxidation and disinfection more and more widely.In this paper, it give an account of the preparation of chlorine dioxide, as oxidants to raw water pretreatment, used in filter water disinfection ,the detection technology of chlorine dioxide and disinfection by-products, the water quality standards formulated by domestic and overseas chlorine dioxide in using chlorine dioxide, and summarized progress on drinking water treatment with chlorine dioxide .

scholarly journals Analytics of MX and NDMA, two disinfection byproducts, in water

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
By Products

MX (3-Chloro-4-(Dichloromethyl)-5-Hydroxy-2(5H)-Furanone) and NDMA (N,N-dimethyl-Nnitrosoamine) are disinfection by-products, which are formed during NOM’s and other water containing precursors reaction with chlorine. Both, due to their potential carcinogenic and mutagenic properties were placed on the list of potentially health hazardous disinfection byproducts. Both of the compounds occur in drinking water at the ppt level. An extensive review of international literature was the background of the presentation of state of the art concerns on MX and NDMA analysis.

Multivariate distributions of disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (14) ◽  
pp. 3453-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce A. Francis ◽  
Mitchell J. Small ◽  
Jeanne M. VanBriesen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Multivariate Distributions ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water ◽  
By Products

Effect of advanced oxidation processes on nonylphenol removal with respect to chlorination in drinking water treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mosteo ◽  
N. Miguel ◽  
P. Ormad Maria ◽  
J. L. Ovelleiro
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
By Products

Any nonylphenol compounds found in water have to be removed since they are endocrine disruptors. In this study, natural water from the river Ebro fortified with nonylphenol compounds (4n-nonylphenol and technical nonylphenol) is used as a sample in order to simulate a real situation in drinking water treatment plants. The aim is to compare conventional disinfection with advanced oxidation processes (O3, O3/H2O2, O3/TiO2 and O3/H2O2/TiO2) used for the removal of nonylphenol compounds present in natural water. Furthermore, a study is carried out of the by-products (THMs) generated as a consequence of the presence of natural organic matter. Preoxidation by chlorine completely oxidizes 4n-nonylphenol and technical nonylphenol. It can be seen that the best of the advanced oxidation processes is the O3/H2O2, achieving an average oxidation of 55%, although the differences among the processes were not very significant. Furthermore, the use of post-chlorination guarantees the total removal of nonylphenol compounds.

scholarly journals Removal performance and mechanism of typical amino acids in water by the peroxymonosulfate/Fe3O4 nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuye Luo ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Meiqi Zhao ◽  
Tariq Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Imidazole Ring ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Amino Acid Type ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Abstract Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) as precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) has become a serious issue for drinking water treatment. Here, Fe3O4/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system was used to examine the amino acid removal and formation of N-DBPs in the system and the corresponding mechanisms. Results showed a remarked variation in removal efficiency of three typical amino acids, i.e., glutamate (78%), histidine (53%) and phenylalanine (27%) in Fe3O4/PMS system at optimum conditions (0.1 g/L Fe3O4, 1.5 mM PMS, 1 h). Notably, Fe3O4/PMS treatment led to dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) formation caused by the chlorination of glutamate, phenylalanine and histidine being reduced by 53.3%, 9.7% and 41.9%, respectively. The degradation and subsequent N-DBPs formation in the Fe3O4/PMS system mainly depended on the types and properties of the amino acids. The formation of dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) exhibited different trends, which may be due to the different R group structure of the three amino acids and the special aromaticity of imidazole ring in the histidine side chain that facilitates its quick electrophilic substitution and ring-opening reaction. This study highlights that the Fe3O4/PMS system is a promising strategy to remove DON and efficiently eliminate N-DBPs formation in the drinking water treatment process depending on the amino acid type.

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