scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infection Knowledge among Older Adults: Psychometrics and Test–Retest Reliability

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Lee Smith ◽  
Caroline D. Bergeron ◽  
Heather H. Goltz ◽  
Tammy Coffey ◽  
Ali Boolani
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Pearson's R ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Response Consistency ◽  
Pearson’S R

Sexually transmitted infections (STI) among older adults have dramatically increased in recent years, especially among those who are widowed and divorced. The purposes of this study were to: (1) identify STI-related knowledge among older adults; (2) report the psychometric properties of a tool commonly used to assess STI-related knowledge among younger populations using data from adults 65 years and older; and (3) determine test-retest reliability of the tool. Data were analyzed from 43 adults, aged 65–94 years, using the 27-item Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ). Participants completed identical instruments on two separate days with approximately two weeks between. After responses were coded for correctness, composite scores were created. Cronbach’s reliability coefficients were calculated to determine response consistency, and Pearson’s r coefficients were used to assess test–retest reliability. Of 27 possible correct answers, participants reported an average of 11.47 (±6.88) correct responses on Day 1 and 11.67 (±7.33) correct responses on Day 2. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the 27-item composite scale were high for both days (0.905 and 0.917, respectively), which indicates strong response consistency. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for the 27-item composite scale on Days 1 and 2 (r = 0.882, P < 0.01), which indicates strong test–retest reliability. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for all but three of the 27 items when assessed separately. Findings suggest the utility of the STD-KQ to assess STI knowledge among older adults. However, the consistently low knowledge scores highlight the need for educational interventions among this population.

scholarly journals SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION KNOWLEDGE AMONG OLDER ADULTS: PSYCHOMETRICS AND TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S301-S301
Author(s):  
Matthew L Smith ◽  
Tammy Coffey ◽  
Caroline D Bergeron ◽  
Enbal Shacham ◽  
Heather H Goltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Pearson's R ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Response Consistency ◽  
Pearson’S R

Abstract Sexually transmitted infections (STI) among older adults have dramatically increased in recent years, especially among those who are widowed and divorced. The purposes of this study were to: (1) identify STI-related knowledge among older adults; (2) report the psychometric properties of a tool commonly used to assess STI-related knowledge among youth and young adults; and (3) determine the test-retest reliability of the tool. Data were analyzed from 43 adults between the ages of 65 and 94 using a 27-item Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ). Participants completed identical instruments on two separate days with approximately two weeks between. After responses were coded for correctness, composite scores were created. Cronbach’s reliability coefficients were calculated to determine response consistency, and Pearson’s r coefficients were used to assess test-retest reliability. Of 27 possible correct answers, participants reported an average of 11.6 (±6.6) correct responses on Day 1 and 11.7 (±7.3) correct responses on Day 2. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the 27-item composite scale were high for both days (0.89 and 0.92, respectively), which indicates strong response consistency. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for the 27-item composite scale on Days 1 and 2 (r=0.88, P&lt;0.01), which indicates strong test-retest reliability. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for all but three of the 27 items when assessed separately. Findings suggest the utility of the STD-KQ to assess STI knowledge among older adults. However, the consistently low knowledge scores highlight the need for educational interventions among this population.

scholarly journals Formative Evaluation of Consumer-Grade Activity Monitors Worn by Older Adults: Test-Retest Reliability and Criterion Validity of Step Counts (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A Maganja ◽  
David C Clarke ◽  
Scott A Lear ◽  
Dawn C Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Mobility Status

BACKGROUND To assess whether commercial-grade activity monitors are appropriate for measuring step counts in older adults, it is essential to evaluate their measurement properties in this population. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate test-retest reliability and criterion validity of step counting in older adults with self-reported intact and limited mobility from 6 commercial-grade activity monitors: Fitbit Charge, Fitbit One, Garmin vívofit 2, Jawbone UP2, Misfit Shine, and New-Lifestyles NL-1000. METHODS For test-retest reliability, participants completed two 100-step overground walks at a usual pace while wearing all monitors. We tested the effects of the activity monitor and mobility status on the absolute difference in step count error (%) and computed the standard error of measurement (SEM) between repeat trials. To assess criterion validity, participants completed two 400-meter overground walks at a usual pace while wearing all monitors. The first walk was continuous; the second walk incorporated interruptions to mimic the conditions of daily walking. Criterion step counts were from the researcher tally count. We estimated the effects of the activity monitor, mobility status, and walk interruptions on step count error (%). We also generated Bland-Altman plots and conducted equivalence tests. RESULTS A total of 36 individuals participated (n=20 intact mobility and n=16 limited mobility; 19/36, 53% female) with a mean age of 71.4 (SD 4.7) years and BMI of 29.4 (SD 5.9) kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Considering test-retest reliability, there was an effect of the activity monitor (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The Fitbit One (1.0%, 95% CI 0.6% to 1.3%), the New-Lifestyles NL-1000 (2.6%, 95% CI 1.3% to 3.9%), and the Garmin vívofit 2 (6.0%, 95 CI 3.2% to 8.8%) had the smallest mean absolute differences in step count errors. The SEM values ranged from 1.0% (Fitbit One) to 23.5% (Jawbone UP2). Regarding criterion validity, all monitors undercounted the steps. Step count error was affected by the activity monitor (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and walk interruptions (<i>P</i>=.02). Three monitors had small mean step count errors: Misfit Shine (−1.3%, 95% CI −19.5% to 16.8%), Fitbit One (−2.1%, 95% CI −6.1% to 2.0%), and New-Lifestyles NL-1000 (−4.3%, 95 CI −18.9% to 10.3%). Mean step count error was larger during interrupted walking than continuous walking (−5.5% vs −3.6%; <i>P</i>=.02). Bland-Altman plots illustrated nonsystematic bias and small limits of agreement for Fitbit One and Jawbone UP2. Mean step count error lay within an equivalence bound of ±5% for Fitbit One (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and Misfit Shine (<i>P</i>=.001). CONCLUSIONS Test-retest reliability and criterion validity of step counting varied across 6 consumer-grade activity monitors worn by older adults with self-reported intact and limited mobility. Walk interruptions increased the step count error for all monitors, whereas mobility status did not affect the step count error. The hip-worn Fitbit One was the only monitor with high test-retest reliability and criterion validity.

scholarly journals The development and initial validation of the Chinese Significant Wish Fulfillment Scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-449
Author(s):  
Amy Y. M. Chow ◽  
Meetim Chow ◽  
Catherine K. P. Wan ◽  
Katherine K. L. Wong ◽  
Rita W. T. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Wish Fulfillment ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACTBackground: This paper reports the development and validation of the Chinese Significant Wish Fulfillment Scale (CSWFS), a new multidimensional scale for assessing the perceived importance and level of fulfillment of wishes of older adults.Methods: Three studies were involved. Study 1 developed a 26-item pool on wish fulfillment through in-depth interviews with 22 older adults. Study 2 reduced the pool to 23 items through validation with a new sample of 315 older adults and examined the internal reliability. Study 3 involved a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examined the test-retest reliability and the convergent validity of the scale with the construct of regret.Results: A five-factor structure model of 23 items was identified through exploratory factor analysis, which accounted for 51.67% of variance. As informed by the CFA in Study 3, a five-factor 22-item model was the best fit. Internal reliability and test-retest reliability was found to be good. Convergent validity was examined through correlation with the construct of future regret. The correlation, though statistically significant, was small.Conclusion: CSWFS demonstrates good psychometric properties, but the construct might be slightly different from that of future regrets. Probably, CSWFS addresses a construct that is under-explored but is of importance to older adults and especially to the Chinese community.

Test-retest Reliability Of A Computerized Balance Assessment On Static And Dynamic Balance In Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Makoto Narita ◽  
Daisuke Koizumi ◽  
Nobuo Takeshima ◽  
Nicole L. Rogers ◽  
Michael E. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Sexual Behaviour among London GUM Clinic Attenders: Implications for HIV Education

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M V Filipe ◽  
S B Strauss ◽  
E J Beck ◽  
L Whitaker ◽  
J Wadsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Sexual Encounter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Educational Campaigns

The aim of this study was to describe the sexual behaviour of a sample of genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic attenders, 5 years after the launch of the UK government HIV media campaigns. A gender-specific and anonymous cross-sectional self-completion questionnaire was modified from the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyle and completed by 250 men and 250 women. The majority of the respondents were in their twenties, lived in London and were employed or students. Sixty-eight per cent of the men reported that one or more of their last 3 partners was not a regular partner. For those men whose last sexual encounter was with a new partner, 27% of heterosexuals and 33% of homosexuals reported using a condom. Fifty-one per cent of women reported one or more non-regular partners among their last 3 partners. For those women whose last sexual encounter was with a new partner, 43% of heterosexuals and 75% of bisexuals used a condom. Seventy-eight per cent of men and 75% of women had had a previous sexually transmitted disease (STD). These findings highlight the persistence of practices associated with the risk of contracting or transmitting HIV infection and which needs to be addressed in future educational campaigns. The GUM clinic population is an important population to monitor over time, either by longitudinal or serial cross-sectional studies. The results of this study provide a baseline against which to gauge the effects of future educational interventions.

scholarly journals Heterosexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection – Strategies for Prevention

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Conway ◽  
D William Cameron ◽  
Francis A Plummer ◽  
Allan R Ronald
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

In Canada, over 90% of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome cases diagnosed so far have been acquired sexually, with an increasing proportion made up of heterosexual contacts of high risk individuals. In multiple studies, the transmission rate among steady heterosexual partners of infected individuals has been variable. It is likely that complex biological and epidemiological interactions exist between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases with respect to transmission and disease. Other important determinants in transmission of infection may relate to the virus itself. The importance of sexual practices other than vaginal intercourse (such as anal intercourse) in the heterosexual transmission of HIV has not been well studied. The major approach to the control of HIV-associated disease remains the control of primary infection. Sexual practices which are the major epidemiological determinants of HIV transmission can be successfully modified by appropriate educational interventions. The promotion of condom use must form a special part of these interventions. Results of ongoing trials should be available prior to the formulation of recommendations for the use of spermicides. Targeted education programs may allow us to make better use of our resources in a more efficient way. In Canada, groups that could be reached by such programs include: prostitutes and their clients; men and women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics; sexually active women attending family planning clinics; and children and adolescents who are becoming sexually active.

scholarly journals The Modified Gait Efficacy Scale: Establishing the Psychometric Properties in Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaina M. Newell ◽  
Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽  
Elizabeth Hile ◽  
Jennifer S. Brach
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundPerceived ability or confidence plays an important role in determining function and behavior. The modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) is a 10-item self-report measure used to assess walking confidence under challenging everyday circumstances.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the mGES as a measure of gait in older adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsParticipants were 102 community-dwelling older adults (mean [±SD] age=78.6±6.1 years) who were independent in ambulation with or without an assistive device. Participants were assessed using the mGES and measures of confidence and fear, measures of function and disability, and performance-based measures of mobility. In a subsample (n=26), the mGES was administered twice within a 1-month period to establish test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]). The standard error of measure (SEM) was determined from the ICC and standard deviation. The Cronbach α value was calculated to determine internal consistency. To establish the validity of the mGES, the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to examine the association with measures of confidence, fear, gait, and physical function and disability.ResultsThe mGES demonstrated test-retest reliability within the 1-month period (ICC=.93, 95% confidence interval=.85, .97). The SEM of the mGES was 5.23. The mGES was internally consistent across the 10 items (Cronbach α=.94). The mGES was related to measures of confidence and fear (r=.54–.88), function and disability (Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, r=.32–.88), and performance-based mobility (r=.38–.64).LimitationsThis study examined only community-dwelling older adults. The results, therefore, should not be generalized to other patient populations.ConclusionThe mGES is a reliable and valid measure of confidence in walking among community-dwelling older adults.

The Groningen Meander Walking Test: A Dynamic Walking Test for Older Adults With Dementia

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem J.R. Bossers ◽  
Lucas H.V. van der Woude ◽  
Froukje Boersma ◽  
Erik J.A. Scherder ◽  
Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Dynamic Walking ◽  
Time Score ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BackgroundCurrent dynamic walking tests, used in studies with older adults with dementia, rely strongly on healthy cognitive and physical function. Therefore, the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) was developed specifically for people with dementia. The aim of the GMWT is to measure dynamic walking ability by walking over a meandering curved line, with an emphasis on walking speed and stepping accuracy, while changing direction.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility, test-retest reliability, and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the GMWT.DesignA repeated-measures design was used.MethodsForty-two people with dementia participated in the study. Adherence rate, adverse events, repetition of instructions during test performance, test duration, and number of oversteps were assessed.ResultsThe adherence rate was excellent, with no adverse events. No repetitive instructions were given during test performance, and test duration was short (mean=17.16 seconds) with few oversteps (mean=1.94 oversteps). Test-retest reliability for participants without a walking device was excellent for the GMWT time score (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.942), with an MDC of 2.96 seconds. Test-retest reliability for participants with a 4-wheeled walker (4WW) was moderate (ICC=.837), with an MDC of 10.35 seconds. For the overstep score, a marginal ICC of .630 was found, with an MDC of 4.38 oversteps.LimitationsNo fall data were available, and there was a volunteer bias.ConclusionsThe GMWT is a feasible test for people with dementia. With the GMWT time score, a reliable and sensitive field test to measure walking abilities in older adults with dementia is available. The GMWT overstep score can be used to give information about the execution according to protocol and should be emphasized during the instructions. Future studies need to investigate the validity of the GMWT.

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