Spatial–Temporal Distribution Variation of Ground-Level Ozone in China’s Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region

Long-term exposure to ozone pollution will cause severe threats to residents’ physical and mental health. Ground-level ozone is the most severe air pollutant in China’s Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region (PRD). It is of great significance to accurately reveal the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics of ozone pollution exposure patterns. We used the daily maximum 8-h ozone concentration data from PRD’s 55 air quality monitoring stations in 2015 as input data. We used six models of STK and ordinary kriging (OK) for the simulation of ozone concentration. Then we chose a better ozone pollution prediction model to reveal the ozone exposure characteristics of the PRD in 2015. The results show that the Bilonick model (BM) model had the highest simulation precision for ozone in the six models for spatial–temporal kriging (STK) interpolation, and the STK model’s simulation prediction results are significantly better than the OK model. The annual average ozone concentrations in the PRD during 2015 showed a high spatial variation in the north and east and low in the south and west. Ozone concentrations were relatively high in summer and autumn and low in winter and spring. The center of gravity of ozone concentrations tended to migrate to the north and west before moving to the south and then finally migrating to the east. The ozone’s spatial autocorrelation was significant and showed a significant positive correlation, mainly showing high-high clustering and low-low clustering. The type of clustering undergoes temporal migration and conversion over the four seasons, with spatial autocorrelation during winter the most significant.

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Considerations on Ambient Levels of Ozone Concentrations and Relationship with NOx in an Urban Environment

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.4.5560 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 824-829

Author(s):

Cornel Ianache ◽

Laurentiu Predescu ◽

Mirela Predescu ◽

Dumitru Dumitru

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Oxides ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Ground Level ◽

Distinct Pattern ◽

Weekend Effect ◽

Monitoring Site ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Ozone Concentrations

The serious air pollution problem has determined public concerns, worldwide. One of the main challenges for countries all over the world is caused by the elevated levels of ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations and its anthropogenic precursors. Ploiesti city, as one of the major urban area of Romania, is facing the same situation. This research aims to investigate spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of O3 in relationship with nitrogen oxides (NOx) using statistical analysis methods. Hourly O3 and NOx measurements were collected during 2014 year in Ploiesti. The results obtained showed that the ozone spatial distribution was non-normal for each month in 2014. The diurnal cycle of ground-level ozone concentrations showed a mid-day peak, while NOx diurnal variations presented 2 daily peaks, one in the morning (7:00 a.m.) and one in the afternoon (between 5:00 and 7:00 p.m.). In addition, it was observed a distinct pattern of weekly variations for O3 and NOx. Like in many other urban areas, the results indicated the presence of the �ozone weekend effect� in Ploiesti during the 2014 year, ozone concentrations being slightly higher on weekends compared to weekdays. For the same monitoring site, the nitrogen oxides were less prevalent on Saturdays and Sundays, probably due to reducing of road traffic and other pollution-generating activities on weekends than during the week.

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Current and future occurrences of health-relevant, compound heat and ozone pollution events in six European ozone-temperature regions

10.5194/ems2021-61 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sally Jahn ◽

Elke Hertig

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Large Scale ◽

Coupled Model ◽

Ground Level ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Ozone Pollution ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Ozone Concentrations ◽

Elevated Ozone

Air pollution and heat events present two major health risks, both already independently posing a significant threat to human health and life. High levels of ground-level ozone (O3) and air temperature often coincide due to the underlying physical relationships between both variables. The most severe health outcome is in general associated with the co-occurrence of both hazards (e.g. Hertig et al. 2020), since concurrent elevated levels of temperature and ozone concentrations represent a twofold exposure and can lead to a risk beyond the sum of the individual effects. Consequently, in the current contribution, a compound approach considering both hazards simultaneously as so-called ozone-temperature (o-t-)events is chosen by jointly analyzing elevated ground-level ozone concentrations and air temperature levels in Europe.Previous studies already point to the fact that the relationship of underlying synoptic and meteorological drivers with one or both of these health stressors as well as the correlation between both variables vary with the location of sites and seasons (e.g. Otero et al. 2016; Jahn, Hertig 2020). Therefore, a hierarchical clustering analysis is applied to objectively divide the study domain in regions of homogeneous, similar ground-level ozone and temperature characteristics (o-t-regions). Statistical models to assess the synoptic and large-scale meteorological mechanisms which represent main drivers of concurrent o-t-events are developed for each identified o-t-region.Compound elevated ozone concentration and air temperature events are expected to become more frequent due to climate change in many parts of Europe (e.g. Jahn, Hertig 2020; Hertig 2020). Statistical projections of potential frequency shifts of compound o-t-events until the end of the twenty-first century are assessed using the output of Earth System Models (ESMs) from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6).Hertig, E. (2020) Health-relevant ground-level ozone and temperature events under future climate change using the example of Bavaria, Southern Germany. Air Qual. Atmos. Health. doi: 10.1007/s11869-020-00811-zHertig, E., Russo, A., Trigo, R. (2020) Heat and ozone pollution waves in Central and South Europe- characteristics, weather types, and association with mortality. Atmosphere. doi: 10.3390/atmos11121271Jahn, S., Hertig, E. (2020) Modeling and projecting health&#8208;relevant combined ozone and temperature events in present and future Central European climate. Air Qual. Atmos. Health. doi: 10.1007/s11869&#8208;020&#8208;009610Otero N., Sillmann J., Schnell J.L., Rust H.W., Butler T. (2016) Synoptic and meteorological drivers of extreme ozone concentrations over Europe. Environ Res Lett. doi: 10.1088/ 1748-9326/11/2/024005

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Compound heat and ozone pollution events relevant for human health

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-119 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elke Hertig ◽

Ana Russo ◽

Ricardo Trigo

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Human Health ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Ground Level ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Ozone Pollution ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Ozone Concentrations ◽

South Europe

Temperature extremes and air pollution pose a significant threat to human health. A specific concern applies to heat events and elevated ground-level ozone concentrations, due to the physical relationships between these variables, the single and combined effects of both variables on human health and the anticipated substantial changes in the scope of climate change.The present contribution addresses relationships between air temperature and ground-level ozone, the association of these variables with atmospheric circulation patterns, the anticipated changes under future climate change as well as their association with human morbidity (i.e. myocardial infarction frequencies, Hertig et al. 2019) and mortality. The focus is on two climatically different regions in Europe, i.e., Bavaria (Central Europe) and Portugal (South Europe).In general, a strong relationship between air temperature and ozone formation became evident. Due to the non-linear nature of the relationship, higher temperatures usually led to substantially enhanced ozone concentrations. In the scope of climate change, considerable increases of maximum temperatures were assessed for Bavaria until the end of the century. Also, future ozone concentrations were projected to rise (Hertig 2020). With respect to spell-length related extremes (heat waves and/ or ozone pollution waves), heat waves were identified as the most frequent wave type for the two European regions under investigation. Waves were associated with in-situ built-up as well as with advection of air masses. Despite different climate settings, a comparable exposure to heat and ozone waves was found in Central and South Europe. In view of excess mortality, the most severe impacts were always associated with compound heat-ozone waves (Hertig et al. 2020).Research was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under project number 408057478.Hertig, E., Russo, A., Trigo, R. (2020): Heat and ozone pollution waves in Central and South Europe- characteristics, weather types, and association with mortality. Atmosphere. doi: 10.3390/atmos11121271Hertig, E. (2020): Health-relevant ground-level ozone and temperature events under future climate change using the example of Bavaria, Southern Germany. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00811-zHertig, E., Schneider, A., Peters, A., von Scheidt, W., Kuch, B., Meisinger, Ch. (2019): Association of ground-level ozone, meteorological factors and weather types with daily myocardial infarction frequencies in Augsburg, Southern Germany. Atmos. Environment. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116975

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Ground-level ozone in the Pearl River Delta and the roles of VOC and NOx in its production

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.12.008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 512-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 133

Author(s):

Min Shao ◽

Yuanhang Zhang ◽

Limin Zeng ◽

Xiaoyan Tang ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl River Delta ◽

Ground Level ◽

River Delta ◽

Pearl River ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

The Pearl River Delta ◽

The Pearl River

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Progress in understanding the formation of fine particulate matter and ground-level ozone in Pearl River Delta region, China

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.11.021 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 808 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xuemei Wang ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Junyu Zheng ◽

Min Shao ◽

Xinming Wang

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Pearl River Delta ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Ground Level ◽

River Delta ◽

Pearl River ◽

Pearl River Delta Region ◽

Delta Region ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Fine Particulate

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Ground-level ozone in the Pearl River Delta region: Analysis of data from a recently established regional air quality monitoring network

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.11.032 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 814-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Junyu Zheng ◽

Liuju Zhong ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Peter K.K. Louie ◽

Zhicheng Li

Keyword(s):

Pearl River Delta ◽

Monitoring Network ◽

Ground Level ◽

Quality Monitoring ◽

Pearl River ◽

Air Quality Monitoring ◽

Pearl River Delta Region ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Regional Air Quality ◽

The Pearl River

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Assessment of air pollution due to ozone in the north-east region Romania

Present Environment and Sustainable Development ◽

10.15551/pesd2021152014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 171-187

Author(s):

Alina Nistor ◽

Bogdan Nistor ◽

Dumitru Mihaila

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Ozone Concentration ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Road Transport ◽

Ozone Pollution ◽

Ozone Concentrations ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

East Region

The results of air quality monitoring in automatic stations in the North-East Region-Romania (RNER) region in the period 2009 - 2020 indicated that the declared ozone concentration values were generally lower than those regulated by law - information threshold > 180 μg/m3 as required by Directive 2008/50/EC and Law 104/2011. Air quality in RNER relative to ozone concentration was good, with only one exceeding of the information threshold (NT1 - 28 April 2009, 12:00 - 180,28 μg/m3). The highest multi-annual averages (2009 – 2020) were calculated for IS 4 stations (59,5 μg/m3), EM 3 (53,4 μg/m3) and SV 1 (50,3 μg/m3). High values were generally recorded at urban-type stations, where urban characteristics, heavy road transport and the presence of airports generated high ozone concentrations. The lowest multi-annual ozone concentrations were calculated for stations VS 1 (41,5 μg/m3), BC 2 (41,9 μg/m3), IS 3 (42,0 μg/m3) and BC 3 (42,7 μg/m3). Low values were generally registered at industrial stations, where the atmospheric calm and the frequency of urban haze favored the accumulation of pollutants on the soil surface, limiting the formation of ozone. Ozone pollution is viewed with concern by environmental specialists in RNER, due to the fact that this element has a negative impact on people and the environment.

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The ground-level ozone concentration is inversely correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases in Warsaw, Poland

Air Quality Atmosphere & Health ◽

10.1007/s11869-021-01009-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Oskar Wiśniewski ◽

Wiesław Kozak ◽

Maciej Wiśniewski

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Ozone Concentration ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Ground Level ◽

Viral Agent ◽

The Novel ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

The Many ◽

The Impact

AbstractCOVID-19, which is a consequence of infection with the novel viral agent SARS-CoV-2, first identified in China (Hubei Province), has been declared a pandemic by the WHO. As of September 10, 2020, over 70,000 cases and over 2000 deaths have been recorded in Poland. Of the many factors contributing to the level of transmission of the virus, the weather appears to be significant. In this work, we analyze the impact of weather factors such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and ground-level ozone concentration on the number of COVID-19 cases in Warsaw, Poland. The obtained results show an inverse correlation between ground-level ozone concentration and the daily number of COVID-19 cases.

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