scholarly journals Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, Southern Italy: Distribution, Risk Assessment and Loads

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Paolo Montuori ◽  
Elvira De Rosa ◽  
Fabiana Di Duca ◽  
Donatella Paola Provvisiero ◽  
Pasquale Sarnacchiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Environmental Integrity ◽  
Volturno River ◽  
Dissolved Phase

This study reports the data on the contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) drained from the Volturno River. The seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in water and sediment samples was assessed. The 16 PAHs were determined in the water dissolved phase (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments. A multidimensional statistical approach was used to identify three pollution composite indicators. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated in about 3158.2 kg/year. Total concentrations of PAHs varied in ranges 434.8 to 872.1 ng g−1 and 256.7 to 1686.3 ng L−1 in sediment samples and in water (DP + SPM), respectively. The statistical results indicated that the PAHs mainly had a pyrolytic source. Considering the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the water environmental quality standards (USEPA EQS), and risk quotient (RQ), the Volturno River would be considered as an area in which the environmental integrity is possibly at risk.

scholarly journals Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons pollution, risk assessment and loads into Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, Southern Italy.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Montuori ◽  
Elvira De Rosa ◽  
Fabiana Di Duca ◽  
Donatella Paola Provvisiero ◽  
Pasquale Sarnacchiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Volturno River ◽  
Dissolved Phase

Abstract Background: This study reports the data on the contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) drained into the Volturno River and its environmental impact on the Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea). One of the key aims of this study is to use the PAHs as indicators of pollution, by identifying the main sources from which these pollutants originate. Also, the ecosystem health risk and the seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in samples of water and sediment was assessed. The 16 PAHs identified by the USEPA as priority pollutants were determined in the water dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter and sediments collected from 10 sites in four seasons.Results: A multidimensional statistical approach was used to identify three pollution composite indicators. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated in about 3.158,2 kg/year showing that this river should account as one of the main contribution sources of PAHs to the Tyrrhenian Sea. Total concentrations of PAHs varied in ranges 434.8 to 872.1 ng g-1 and 256.7 to 1686.3 ng L-1 in sediment samples and in water (total of water dissolved phase and suspended particulate matter), respectively. Conclusion: The statistical results indicated that the PAHs mainly had a pyrolytic source and the rainy season was the most polluted time. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) of carcinogenic PAHs was 130.3 to 302.1 ngTEQ g-1, implying that the Volturno River basin presents a definite carcinogenic risk.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Collected along the Harbour Line, Mumbai, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dhananjayan ◽  
S. Muralidharan ◽  
Vinny R. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

This study investigated the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples collected along the harbour line, Mumbai, India. The ∑PAHs quantified in water and sediment samples were ranged from 8.66 ng/L to 46.74 ng/L and from 2608 ng/g to 134134 ng/g dry wt., respectively. Significantly high concentration of ∑PAHs was found in water samples of Sewri and sediment samples of Mahul (P<0.05). PAH concentrations detected in the present study were several folds higher than the existing sediment quality criteria suggested by various statutory agencies. The PAH composition patterns in water and sediments suggest the dominance of high molecular weight compounds and indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The occurrence of PAHs in the marine environment has attracted the attention of the scientific community as these compounds are frequently detected in seawater and sediments at increasing levels and can have adverse health effects on marine organisms and humans. PAH concentrations detected at Sewri-Mahul site were sufficiently high to pose a risk to marine organisms if they are exposed continuously to this concentration. Hence, continuous monitoring of the ecosystem is highly warranted.

Chemical Contaminants in Fish and Sediment Core Samples from the Dnipro River, Ukraine, 1994

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Lockhart ◽  
C. G. Muir ◽  
P. Wilkinson ◽  
A. Yarechewski ◽  
B.N. Billeck
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organochlorine Compounds ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Cesium 137

Abstract Some aspects of the quality of fish and sediment samples with respect to contamination with organochlorine compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several metals are addressed. Fish were obtained from three reservoirs: Kyiv, Kremenchuk and Kakhovka. Sediment cores were obtained from Kremenchuk, Zaporizhzhia and Kakhovka. Levels of contaminants in fish showed differences among species within a reservoir and among reservoirs within a species. The major organochlorine compounds found in the fish were DDT and PCBs with levels in the low ng/g range. Fish PCB levels generally tended to be higher in the Upper Kakhovka reservoir than in the other reservoirs and the congener profile suggested a local source of PCBs to that reservoir. Bream from the Kyiv reservoir had higher levels of mercury than bream from the other reservoirs even though they were of relatively small size. Lead-210 profiles in sediment cores suggested that all three cores sampled only recent time; two of the cores extended deeply enough to capture the large increase in cesium-137 from Chernobyl in 1986, and the third consisted only of material deposited after that event. Inputs of cesium-137 were high and there was no indication of decreases since 1986. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments were also high, especially in the Zaporizhzhia reservoir where concentrations consistently exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines by sever-alfold. Concentrations were lower in the Kakhovka reservoir but still in excess of guidelines, and they were lower yet at the most upstream core from Kremenchuk reservoir. A similar pattern was evident with several metals in sediments. Concentrations in the core from Zaporizhzhia exceeded those from Kakhovka which in turn exceeded those from Kremenchuk. Concentrations in both Zaporizhzhia and Kakhovka generally exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines. The general picture that emerges is one of a system of widespread chemical contamination not only with Chernobyl byproducts but also with hydrocarbons, metals and organochlorines, with significant sources downstream from the Kremenchuk site.

Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contaminations in Sediments of Love River Mouth, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Yi Kuo Chang ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration

The surface samples were collected from the Love River mouth, Taiwan and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Total PAHs concentrations varied from 785 to 1,893 ng/g dw. The spatial distribution of PAHs reveals that the PAHs concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. Diagnostic ratios showed that the possible source of PAHs in the Love River mouth could be petroleum combustion. The toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQcarc) of PAHs varied from 117 to 272 ng TEQ/g dw. Higher total TEQcarc values were found in the river mouth region. As compared with the US Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the observed levels of PAHs at Love River mouth were lower than the effects range low (ERL), and would probably not exert adverse biological effects.

scholarly journals Deposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) into Northern Ontario Lake Sediments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham A. Colby
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Core Profile

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants that are produced through incomplete combustion of modern biomass and fossil fuels. In aquatic systems PAHs are absorbed by suspended matter and ultimately deposited into sediments. PAH fluxes to sediments have been declining in North American since the mid 1960s. Improving technology and regulations were expected to contribute to declining PAH concentrations; however, in some urban sediment there are recent increases in deposition. Trends in concentrations of pyrogenic PAHs and perylene were determined in the sediment of two lakes, in central Ontario. Intact piston cores that preserve the depositional history were collected from each site, sliced into 1 cm intervals and analyzed using gas-chromatography/ mass-spectrometry. Pyrogenic PAH trends at each site displayed unique characteristics suggesting differing extents of influence from various atmospheric sources. The upper core profile (above 8.5 cm) in the more remote site had decreasing PAH concentrations consistent with observations from Siskitwit Lake. The more urban site (above 3.5 cm) had increasing PAH concentrations suggesting modern anthropogenic activities have a larger influence in this region. Perylene fluxes at both sites do not correlate with the observed PAH fluxes, increasing in concentration with depth, thus indicating separate sources for this PAH, likely diagenesis within the sediments. Both sites had PAH concentrations exceeding the interim sediment quality guidelines in the uppermost sediment deposits. This study provides insights into the differential atmospheric deposition in Ontario and may aid in establishing strategies for reducing or mitigating the production of PAHs.

Distribution and Source of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Jen-Gen River Mouth, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 992-995
Author(s):  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen ◽  
Cheng Di Dong
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration

Surface samples were collected from the Jen-Gen River mouth, Taiwan and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Total PAHs concentrations varied from 283 to 1,277 ng/g, with a mean concentration of 671 ng/g. The spatial distribution of PAHs reveals that the PAHs concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. Diagnostic ratios showed that the possible source of PAHs in the Jen-Gen River mouth could be petroleum combustion. The toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQcarc) of PAHs varied from 43 to 169 ng TEQ/g. Higher total TEQcarc values were found in the river mouth region. As compared with the US Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the observed levels of PAHs at Jen-Gen River mouth were lower than the effects range low (ERL), and would probably not exert adverse biological effects.

scholarly journals Assessment of ecological risk and identification sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at coastal sediments: A case study in Bushehr Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Ghafour Nourian ◽  
Neamat Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard ◽  
Abdul Rahim Pazira ◽  
Esmaeil Kohgardi
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effects ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are stable and highly toxic environmental pollutants, which are produced mainly through combustion processes. The present study aimed to identify and determine PAHs compounds and their ecotoxicological effects in surface sediments of 20 stations in Bushehr province (Assaluyeh, Kangan, Khark, Emam Hasan, and Bushehr areas). Methods: All sediment samples (0-5 cm) were collected from 20 sites of Persian Gulf costs (Bushehr province, Iran). The concentration of PAHs was determined by HPLC. Then, in order to identify the sources of PAHs, ƩLPAHs/ƩHPAHs, IP/ (IP+BP), PH/AN, and AN/(PH+AN) ratios were obtained. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and sediment quality criteria (SQC) were used to measure the PAHs ecotoxicological effects in sediments. Results: Based on PAHs isomeric ratios, the contaminants of sediments originated from pyrogenic resources. ƩPAHs values (ng/g dw) in sediment samples ranged from ND to 49180. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ car) of PAHs raged from ND-7999 ngTEQ/g. Based on SQGs and SQC, the concentrations of ƩPAHs compounds in 10% and 6% of the sampling stations exceeded effects range median (ERM) and frequent effect level (FEL), respectively, indicating negative ecological risk effects. Conclusion: Sampling stations sediments must be routinely checked for PAHs because may lead to a negative effect on the marine ecosystem, organisms, and humans.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments of the Brisbane River (Australia) – Preliminary Results

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kayal ◽  
D. W. Connell
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Results of the analysis of twenty-three composite sediment samples revealed that PAHs are widely distributed in the Brisbane River estuary. Mean concentrations for individual compounds, on a dry weight basis, ranged from 0.03 µg/g for dibenz [ah] anthracene to 2.34 µg/g for fluoranthene. Observed PAH assemblages were rich in compounds having pyrolytic origins. However, the presence of petroleum derived compounds was indicative of the importance of petroleum as a PAH source in the estuary. Petroleum refineries, a coal loading terminal and a major treated sewage outfall located at the mouth were not indicated as major contributing sources of PAH pollution in the estuary.

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