Relationships between Socioeconomic Status, Handgrip Strength, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

Although low socioeconomic status (SES) and decreased muscle strength have been found to be associated with the risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, the associations among SES, muscle strength, and NAFLD are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of SES and relative handgrip strength (HGS) on the risk of NAFLD in middle-aged adults. Data from 5272 middle-aged adults who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2014–2018 were analyzed. NAFLD was defined using the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) > 36 and the comprehensive NAFLD score (CNS) ≥ 40 in the absence of other causes of liver disease. SES was based on a self-reported questionnaire. Overall, individuals with low SES (odds ratio (OR) = 1.703, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.424–2.037, p < 0.001) or low HGS (OR = 12.161, 95% CI: 9.548–15.488, p < 0.001) had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD. The joint association analysis showed that a low SES combined with a low HGS (OR = 2.479, 95% CI: 1.351–4.549, p = 0.003) further significantly increased the risk of NAFLD when adjusted for all the covariates, compared with individuals with a high SES and a high HGS (OR = 1). The current findings suggest that both low SES and low HGS were independently and synergistically associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in middle-aged Korean adults.

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Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and patterns of regional amyloid and tau pathology in middle‐aged adults: The Framingham Study

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1002/alz.057808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (S10) ◽

Author(s):

Galit Weinstein ◽

Adrienne O’Donnell ◽

Shira Zelber‐Sagi ◽

Alexa S Beiser ◽

Sudha Seshadri

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Framingham Study ◽

Tau Pathology ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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O1-02-01: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is Associated with Lower Brain Volume in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults: the Framingham Study

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.298 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. P173-P173

Author(s):

Galit Weinstein ◽

Sarah R. Preis ◽

Shira Zelber-Sagi ◽

Alexa S. Beiser ◽

Charles DeCarli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Brain Volume ◽

Framingham Study ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Association of bedtime with the risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease among middle‐aged and elderly Chinese adults with pre‐diabetes and diabetes

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews ◽

10.1002/dmrr.3322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chunyan Hu ◽

Yi Zhang ◽

Shuangyuan Wang ◽

Lin Lin ◽

Kui Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Elderly Chinese ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial stiffness in the non-obese, non-hypertensive, and non-diabetic young and middle-aged Chinese population

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B ◽

10.1631/jzus.b1400028 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 879-887 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Xin-yan Yu ◽

Yi Zhao ◽

Xiao-xiao Song ◽

Zhen-ya Song

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cognitive function in middle-aged adults: the CARDIA study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-021-01681-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yariv Gerber ◽

Lisa B. VanWagner ◽

Kristine Yaffe ◽

James G. Terry ◽

Jamal S. Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors that have been linked to cognitive decline. Whether NAFLD is associated with cognitive performance in midlife remains uncertain.MethodsCoronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study participants with CT examination and cognitive assessment at Y25 (2010–2011; n = 2809) were included. Cognitive function was reassessed at Y30. NAFLD was defined according to liver attenuation and treated both continuously and categorically (using ≤ 40 and ≤ 51 Hounsfield units to define severity) after exclusion for other causes of liver fat. Cognitive tests including the Digit Symbol Substitution (processing speed), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (verbal memory), and Stroop (executive function) were analyzed with standardized z-scores. Linear models were constructed to (a) examine the cross-sectional associations of NAFLD with cognitive scores and (b) evaluate its predictive role in 5-year change in cognitive performance.ResultsParticipants’ mean age (Y25) was 50.1 (SD 3.6) years (57% female; 48% black), with 392 (14%) having mild NAFLD and 281 (10%) having severe NAFLD. NAFLD was positively associated with CVD risk factors and inversely associated with cognitive scores. However, after adjustment for CVD risk factors, no associations were shown between NAFLD and cognitive scores (all βs ≈ 0). Similarly, no associations were observed with 5-year cognitive decline. CVD history, hypertension, smoking, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia showed stronger associations with baseline cognitive scores and were predictive of subsequent cognitive decline (allP ≤ .05).ConclusionAmong middle-aged adults, inverse associations between NAFLD and cognitive scores were attenuated after adjustment for CVD risk factors, with the latter predictive of poorer cognitive performance both at baseline and follow-up.

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