scholarly journals Cognitive Function and Whole-Brain MRI Metrics Are Not Associated with Mobility in Older Adults with Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4232
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Baird ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Global Brain ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Due to advances in disease-modifying medications and earlier management of comorbidities, adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) are living longer, and this coincides with the aging of the general population. One major problem among older adults with and without MS is limited mobility, a consequence of aging that often negatively affects quality of life. Identifying factors that contribute to mobility disability is needed to develop targeted rehabilitation approaches. This study examined cognitive processing speed and global brain atrophy as factors that may contribute to mobility disability in older adults with and without MS. Older adults (≥55 years) with MS (n = 31) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 22) completed measures of mobility (Short Physical Performance Battery) and cognitive processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test) and underwent an MRI to obtain whole-brain metrics (gray matter volume, white matter volume, ventricular volume) as markers of atrophy. Mobility was significantly worse in the MS group than in the control group (p = 0.004). Spearman correlations indicated that neither cognitive processing speed (MS: rs = 0.26; Control: rs = 0.08) nor markers of global brain atrophy (MS: rs range = −0.30 to −0.06; Control: rs range = −0.40 to 0.16) were significantly associated with mobility in either group. Other factors such as subcortical gray matter structures, functional connectivity, exercise/physical activity, and cardiovascular fitness should be examined as factors that may influence mobility in aging adults with and without MS.

Cognitive Processing Speed Is Related to Fall Frequency in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1567-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob J. Sosnoff ◽  
Swathi Balantrapu ◽  
Lara A. Pilutti ◽  
Brian M. Sandroff ◽  
Steven Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Do subcortical gray matter volumes and aerobic capacity account for cognitive-motor coupling in multiple sclerosis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852091482
Author(s):  
Robert W Motl ◽  
Brian M Sandroff ◽  
Ralph HB Benedict ◽  
Elizabeth A Hubbard ◽  
Lara A Pilutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Walking Performance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Background: There is evidence of cognitive-motor coupling in multiple sclerosis (MS) such that the slowing of cognitive processing speed correlates with the worsening of walking speed and endurance. Objective: The current study first established the presence of cognitive-motor coupling and second examined the possibility that volumes of subcortical gray matter (SGM) structures and aerobic capacity might explain the coupling of cognitive and motor functions in persons with MS. Methods: We included data from 62 persons with clinically definite MS who underwent assessments of cognitive processing speed, walking performance, and aerobic capacity, and completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 7 days of the aforementioned assessments. Results: The strong correlations between cognitive processing speed and walking performance were attenuated in magnitude and not statistically significant when controlling for aerobic capacity alone and aerobic capacity and SGM volumes together. The associations between cognitive processing speed and walking performance remained statistically significant when controlling for SGM volumes alone. Conclusion: Aerobic capacity may be an important target for neurorehabilitation-based approaches for managing co-occurring cognitive and motor dysfunction in MS.

Myelin Damage in Normal Appearing White Matter Contributes to Impaired Cognitive Processing Speed in Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Shawna Abel ◽  
Irene Vavasour ◽  
Lisa Eunyoung Lee ◽  
Poljanka Johnson ◽  
Nathalie Ackermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed ◽  
Myelin Damage

scholarly journals Cognitive Processing Speed in Older Adults: Relationship with White Matter Integrity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e50425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Kerchner ◽  
Caroline A. Racine ◽  
Sandra Hale ◽  
Reva Wilheim ◽  
Victor Laluz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Device-Measured Physical Activity and Cognitive Processing Speed Impairment in a Large Sample of Persons with Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 798-805
Author(s):  
Brian M. Sandroff ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

AbstractObjective:There is accumulating evidence regarding the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on cognitive processing speed in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, one overarching limitation of this research is that researchers have not recruited samples who have the actual problem of being studied (i.e., cognitive processing speed impairment). This study examined associations between device-measured PA and cognitive processing speed in a large sample of persons with MS overall and between those with and without cognitive processing speed impairment.Method:Three hundred eighty-five persons with MS underwent the oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and wore an accelerometer for 7 days for PA measurement. We divided the overall sample into subsamples with (n = 140) and without (n = 245) cognitive processing speed impairment based on age, sex, and education-adjusted SDMT Z-scores.Results:After controlling for age and disability status, higher levels of device-measured PA were significantly associated with faster cognitive processing speed overall, and the association was significantly stronger among persons with MS who presented with cognitive processing speed impairment.Conclusions:This examination provides initial cross-sectional support for informing the development of PA interventions as a possible approach for managing MS-related cognitive processing speed impairment. This highlights the importance of developing purposefully designed trials involving PA interventions for targeting cognitive processing speed as a primary end point among persons with MS with impaired cognitive processing speed.

scholarly journals Improved cognitive outcomes in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis treated with daclizumab beta: Results from the DECIDE study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph HB Benedict ◽  
Stanley Cohan ◽  
Sharon G Lynch ◽  
Katherine Riester ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Meaningful Improvement ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), with cognitive processing speed being the most frequently affected domain. Objective: Examine the effects of daclizumab beta versus intramuscular (IM) interferon (IFN) beta-1a on cognitive processing speed as assessed by Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Methods: In DECIDE, patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) (age: 18–55 years; Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score 0–5.0) were randomized to daclizumab beta ( n = 919) or IM IFN beta-1a ( n = 922) for 96–144 weeks. SDMT was administered at baseline and at 24-week intervals. Results: At week 96, significantly greater mean improvement from baseline in SDMT was observed with daclizumab beta versus IM IFN beta-1a ( p = 0.0274). Significantly more patients treated with daclizumab beta showed clinically meaningful improvement in SDMT (increase from baseline of ⩾3 points ( p = 0.0153) or ⩾4 points ( p = 0.0366)), and significantly fewer patients showed clinically meaningful worsening (decrease from baseline of ⩾3 points ( p = 0.0103)). Odds representing risk of worsening versus stability or improvement on SDMT were significantly smaller for daclizumab beta ( p = 0.0088 (3-point threshold); p = 0.0267 (4-point threshold)). In patients completing 144 weeks of treatment, the effects of daclizumab beta were generally sustained. Conclusion: These results provide evidence for a benefit of daclizumab beta versus IM IFN beta-1a on cognitive processing speed in RRMS. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01064401 (Efficacy and Safety of BIIB019 (Daclizumab High Yield Process) Versus Interferon β 1a in Participants With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (DECIDE)): https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01064401 .

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