scholarly journals Pre-Emptive and Non-Pre-Emptive Goal Programming Problems for Optimal Menu Planning in Diet Management of Indian Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7842
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar Paidipati ◽  
Hyndhavi Komaragiri ◽  
Christophe Chesneau
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Menu Planning ◽  
Diet Management ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Mathematical Programming Problems

Diet management or caloric restriction for diabetes mellitus patients is essential in order to reduce the disease’s burden. Mathematical programming problems can help in this regard; they have a central role in optimal diet management and in the nutritional balance of food recipes. The present study employed linear optimization models such as linear, pre-emptive, and non-pre-emptive goal programming problems (LPP, PGP and NPGP) to minimize the deviations of over and under achievements of specific nutrients for optimal selection of food menus with various energy (calories) levels. Sixty-two food recipes are considered, all selected because of being commonly available for the Indian population and developed dietary intake for meal planning through optimization models. The results suggest that a variety of Indian food recipes with low glycemic values can be chosen to assist the varying glucose levels (>200 mg/dL) of Indian diabetes patients.

scholarly journals DIABETES MELLITUS AND BONE HEALTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Gaurav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Diabetic Person ◽  
The Impact

Diabetes is said to be derived from a Greek word Diabetes which means siphon. Siphon means to pass through and the Latin word Mellitus meaning sweet. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease which disrupts normal metabolism by the process of elevation in blood glucose levels. Insulin hormone cannot move glucose into the cells from the blood which results in increased accumulation of glucose in blood. As of now there is no cure for diabetes but with regular exercise and proper meal planning, one can control the diabetes. Diabetes comes in different forms such as Prediabetes, T1DM, T2DM and Gestational diabetes. A diabetic person with long history of diabetes is prone to impaired bone structure and has high risks of bone fracture. So, the controlling of diabetes become necessary to avoid complications regarding bone fragility. In this review, I will emphasis on the impact of diabetes mellitus on bones.

scholarly journals PENGARUH EDUKASI PENGATURAN DIET TERHADAP PERILAKU PENGELOLAAN DIET PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI KELURAHAN AGROWISATA KECAMATAN RUMBAI KOTA PEKANBARU

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Angga Arfina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Management Behavior ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Diet Management ◽  
Dietary Education ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that causes hyperglycemia thereby increasing glucose levels in the blood. One component of management and care that is essential for people with DM is the regulation of diets that can be provided through educational programs. Education a role in helping sufferers improve metabolic control and change their eating behavior. This study aims to determine the effect of dietary education on diet management behavior in patients with diabetes mellitus in Agrowisata Rumbai Pekanbaru. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a quasi experimental design with pre and postest without control. The research sample was DM patients with 28 people with consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was done by DM diet management behavior questionnaire. Data were analyzed using dependent T test statistics. The results showed that there was an influence of dietary education education on diet management behavior of DM sufferers (p = 0,000 <0.05). The results showed that education increased the behavior of respondents in managing the diet from an average of 39.29 to 46.36. The results of this study can be input for health services to be able to maintain and improve education in DM patients. Education can improve the skills of sufferers to manage diabetes more effectively by regulating a healthy diet so that people with diabetes are expected to be able to prevent complications that can arise.   Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang menyebabkan hiperglikemia sehingga meningkatkan kadar glukosa dalam darah. Salah satu komponen penatalaksanaan dan perawatan yang esensial bagi penderita DM adalah dengan pengaturan diet yang dapat diberikan melalui program edukasi. Edukasi berperan membantu penderita meningkatkan pengendalian metabolisme serta mengubah perilaku makan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh edukasi pengaturan diet terhadap perilaku pengelolaan diet pada penderita diabetes melitus di Kelurahan Agrowisata Kecamatan Rumbai Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperiment pre and post test without control. Sampel penelitian adalah penderita DM berjumlah 28 orang dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner perilaku pengelolaan diet DM. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik uji T dependen.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh edukasi pengaturan diet terhadap perilaku pengelolaan diet penderita DM (p=0,000 < 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa edukasi meningkatkan perilaku responden dalam pengelolaan diet dari rata-rata 39,29 menjadi 46,36. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi pelayanan kesehatan untuk dapat mempertahankan dan meningkatkan edukasi pada pasien DM. Edukasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan penderita mengelola diabetes secara lebih efektif dengan pengaturan diet sehat sehingga diharapkan penderita DM mampu mencegah komplikasi yang dapat muncul.

scholarly journals The gut microbial signature of gestational diabetes mellitus and the association with diet intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wu ◽  
Jingwei Zhou ◽  
Heng Mo ◽  
Qing Mu ◽  
Huiting Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Diet Intervention ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diet Management

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a high-risk pregnancy complication that is associated with metabolic disorder phenotypes, such as abnormal blood glucose and obesity. The link between microbiota and diet management contributes to metabolic homeostasis in GDM. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the structure of the gut microbiota in GDM and to explore the effect of dietary management on the microbiota structure. In this study, we analyzed the composition of the gut microbiota between 27 GDM and 30 healthy subjects at two time points using Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The taxonomy analyses suggested that the overall bacteria clustered by diabetes status, rather than diet intervention. Of particular interest, the phylum Acidobacteria in GDM was significantly increased, and positively correlated with blood glucose levels. Moreover, Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that certain genera in the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Lentisphaerae characterized the GDM gut microbiota. Correlation analysis indicated that blood glucose levels and BMI index were correlated with the relative abundance of SCFAS-producing genera. Through the comparison between the GDM and healthy samples with or without diet intervention, we discovered that the role of short-term diet management in GDM processes is associated with the change in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and some specific taxa, rather than an alternative gut microbial pattern. Our study have important implications for understanding the beneficial effects of diet intervention on the specific gut microbiota and thus possibly their metabolism in pregnant women with GDM.ImportanceUnderstanding the composition and dynamics of the gut microbiota in GDM women under diet intervention is important because there may be opportunities for preventive strategies. We examined the relationships between GDM gut microbiota at two times before and after the diet intervention during second trimester of pregnancy and clinical characteristics in cohort of GDM women. We found that short-term diet management in GDM processes is associated with changes in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and some specific taxa rather than an alternative gut microbial pattern. Our study highlights the importance of considering diet intervention as the rescue of microbial dysfunction of GDM disease and can serve as a strategy for early prevention in future study.

Efeitos dos Programas de Treinamento Aeróbio, de Força e Combinado na Glicose Sanguínea em Diabéticos do Tipo 2: uma Revisão Sistemática/ Effects of Aerobic, Strength and Combined Programs Training on Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetic: a Systematic Review.

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre de Souza E Silva ◽  
Maria Paula Gonçalves Mota
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Pubmed Database

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os estudos que avaliaram os efeitos dos programas de treinamento aeróbio, força e combinado nos níveis de glicose sanguínea em indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 2. Foi utilizado o método de revisão sistemática, sendo utilizada a base de dados PubMed. As palavras chaves utilizadas para pesquisa foram training and diabetes. Foram identificados 484 artigos originais. Apenas 17 estudos respeitaram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados evidenciam que os programas de treinamento aeróbio diminuíram os níveis de glicose. O programa de treinamento de força também foi favorável à diminuição dos níveis de glicose sanguínea. Já o programa de treinamento combinado não demonstrou efeitos favoráveis no controle da glicose sanguínea. Conclui-se que o programa de treinamento aeróbio e de força ajudam a controlar os níveis de glicose sanguínea em indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 2. Palavras-chave: diabetes mellitus, treinamento, glicose.ABSTRACTThe study aims to analyze the studies that evaluated the effects of aerobic, strength and combined programs training in blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. We used a systematic review method and is used to PubMed database. The key words used for searching were training and diabetes. We identified 484 original articles. Only 17 studies complied with the inclusion criteria. The results show that aerobic training programs decreased glucose levels. The strength training program was also favorable to decrease in blood glucose levels. But the combined training program has not shown favorable effects on blood glucose control. We conclude that the aerobic training and strength helps control blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, training, glucose.

scholarly journals The frequency of Tim-3 on circulating Tfh cells was increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922098280
Author(s):  
Shuai Guo ◽  
Xujie Yu ◽  
Limei Wang ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Yuanyuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Tfh Cells ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Healthy Donors

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, low-grade inflammation disease. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) are implicated in many immune diseases. This study aims to explore whether Tim-3 expression on Tfh cells is associated with T2DM progression. White blood cells (WBCs) were harvested from 30 patients with T2DM and 20 healthy donors. The abundance of circulating Tfh cells (cTfh) and the frequency of Tim-3 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and fasting plasma C-peptide were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and diabetes duration were also recorded. Patients with T2DM had higher numbers of cTfh cells. In addition, cTfh cells showed a negative correlation with HbA1C and diabetes duration, a positive correlation with fasting plasma C-peptide. The frequency of Tim-3 on cTfh cells was higher among T2DM patients compared with healthy donors. The in vitro experiment showed that high glucose levels increased the abundance cTfh cells but had no effect on Tim-3 expression. Our results suggest that cTfh cells and associated Tim-3 frequency may contribute to the progression of T2DM, and high glucose levels may influence cTfh cells directly.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical hit of anti type 2 Diabetes mellitus on the phenolic extract of Malaka (Phyllanthus emblica L.) flesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musri Musman ◽  
Mauli Zakia ◽  
Ratu Fazlia Inda Rahmayani ◽  
Erlidawati Erlidawati ◽  
Safrida Safrida
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Phenolic Extract

Abstract Background Ethnobotany knowledge in a community has shaped local wisdom in utilizing plants to treat diseases, such as the use of Malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) flesh to treat type 2 diabetes. This study presented evidence that the phenolic extract of the Malaka flesh could reduce blood sugar levels in the diabetic induced rats. Methods The phenolic extract of the P. emblica was administrated to the glucose-induced rats of the Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus for 14 days of treatment where the Metformin was used as a positive control. The data generated were analyzed by the two-way ANOVA Software related to the blood glucose level and by SAS Software related to the histopathological studies at a significant 95% confidence. Results The phenolic extract with concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight could reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The post hoc Dunnet test showed that the administration of the extract to the rats with a concentration of 100 mg/kg body weight demonstrated a very significant decrease in blood glucose levels and repaired damaged cells better than administering the extract at a concentration of 200 mg/kg weight body. Conclusion The evidence indicated that the phenolic extract of the Malaka flesh can be utilized as anti type 2 Diabetes mellitus without damaging other organs.

Searching for Utopia, the Challenge of Standardized Medical Nutrition Therapy Prescription in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Meloncelli ◽  
Shelley A. Wilkinson ◽  
Susan de Jersey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Medical Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Medical Nutrition

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy disorder and the incidence is increasing worldwide. GDM is associated with adverse maternal outcomes which may be reduced with proper management. Lifestyle modification in the form of medical nutrition therapy and physical activity, as well as self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, is the cornerstone of GDM management. Inevitably, the search for the “ultimate” diet prescription has been ongoing. Identifying the amount and type of carbohydrate to maintain blood glucose levels below targets while balancing the nutritional requirements of pregnancy and achieving gestational weight gain within recommendations is challenging. Recent developments in the area of the gut microbiota and its impact on glycemic response add another layer of complexity to the success of medical nutrition therapy. This review critically explores the challenges to dietary prescription for GDM and why utopia may never be found.

scholarly journals Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Ohara-Nemoto ◽  
Manami Nakasato ◽  
Yu Shimoyama ◽  
Tomomi T. Baba ◽  
Takeshi Kobayakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Molecular Events

ABSTRACT Severe periodontitis is known to aggravate diabetes mellitus, though molecular events related to that link have not been fully elucidated. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen of periodontitis, expresses dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is involved in regulation of blood glucose levels by cleaving incretins in humans. We examined the enzymatic characteristics of DPP4 from P. gingivalis as well as two other periodontopathic bacteria, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia, and determined whether it is capable of regulating blood glucose levels. Cell-associated DPP4 activity was found in those microorganisms, which was effectively suppressed by inhibitors of human DPP4, and molecules sized 73 kDa in P. gingivalis, and 71 kDa in T. forsythia and P. intermedia were immunologically detected. The k cat/Km values of recombinant DPP4s ranged from 721 ± 55 to 1,283 ± 23 μM−1s−1 toward Gly-Pro-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (MCA), while those were much lower for His-Ala-MCA. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis showed His/Tyr-Ala dipeptide release from the N termini of incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, respectively, with the action of microbial DPP4. Moreover, intravenous injection of DPP4 into mice decreased plasma active GLP-1 and insulin levels, accompanied by a substantial elevation in blood glucose over the control after oral glucose administration. These results are the first to show that periodontopathic bacterial DPP4 is capable of modulating blood glucose levels the same as mammalian DPP4; thus, the incidence of periodontopathic bacteremia may exacerbate diabetes mellitus via molecular events of bacterial DPP4 activities.

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