scholarly journals What Are the Relationships between Psychosocial Community Characteristics and Dietary Behaviors in a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Urban Population in Los Angeles County?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9868
Author(s):  
Brenda Robles ◽  
Tony Kuo ◽  
Courtney S. Thomas Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Community Characteristics ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Soda Consumption

To address existing gaps in public health practice, we used data from a 2014 internet panel survey of 954 Los Angeles County adults to investigate the relationships between psychosocial community characteristics (PCCs) and two key chronic disease-related dietary behaviors: fruit and vegetable (F+V) and soda consumption. Negative binomial regression models estimated the associations between ‘neighborhood risks and resources’ and ‘sense of community’ factors for each dietary outcome of interest. While high perceived neighborhood violence (p < 0.001) and perceived community-level collective efficacy (p < 0.001) were associated with higher F+V consumption, no PCCs were directly associated with soda consumption overall. However, moderation analyses by race/ethnicity showed a more varied pattern. High perceived violence was associated with lower F+V consumption among White and Asian/Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander (ANHOPI) groups (p < 0.01). Inadequate park access and walking as the primary mode of transportation to the grocery store were associated with higher soda consumption among the ANHOPI group only (p < 0.05). Study findings suggest that current and future chronic disease prevention efforts should consider how social and psychological dynamics of communities influence dietary behaviors, especially among racially/ethnically diverse groups in urban settings. Intervention design and implementation planning could benefit from and be optimized based on these considerations.

Community Characteristics and Violence Against Homeless Women in Los Angeles County

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Heslin ◽  
Paul Langham. Robinson ◽  
Richard S. Baker ◽  
Lillian. Gelberg
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Homeless Women ◽  
Community Characteristics

Dealing with Diversity: Recruiting Churches and Women for a Randomized Trial of Mammography Promotion

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 632-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Pitkin Derose ◽  
Jennifer Hawes-Dawson ◽  
Sarah A. Fox ◽  
Noris Maldonado ◽  
Audrey Tatum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Community Based

There is little documentation about the recruitment process for church-based health education programs. In this study, the authors recruit African American, Latino, and white churches and women members (age 50 to 80) for a randomized church-based trial of mammography promotion in Los Angeles County. Efforts to enhance recruitment began 10 months before churches were invited to participate and included a variety of community-based strategies. Subsequently, 45 churches were recruited over a 5-month period through group pastor breakfast meetings and church-specific follow-up. In close collaboration with the 45 churches, the authors administered church-based surveys over 6 months and identified 1,967 age-eligible women who agreed to be contacted by the program team. It was found that an extended resource intensive period of relationship-building and community-based activities were necessary to conduct church-based programs effectively, particularly among older and ethnically diverse urban populations.

scholarly journals 2317. Excess Influenza-Attributable Mortality in Los Angeles County (LAC) for the 2013–2014 Through 2017–2018 Seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S794-S795
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Traub ◽  
Louise Rollin ◽  
Prabhu Gounder
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Deaths caused by seasonal influenza are impossible to measure directly and are typically estimated using statistical models. We applied a previously developed model to Los Angeles County (LAC) data for the 2013–2014 through 2017–2018 influenza seasons. Methods Excess deaths attributable to influenza were estimated using a negative binomial regression model incorporating laboratory surveillance data and weekly counts of deaths with an underlying respiratory or circulatory cause of death. We obtained death data from the National Vital Statistics System. Population estimates for LAC were prepared by Hedderson Demographic Services for LAC Internal Services Department. The weekly total number of respiratory specimens tested and number positive for influenza or respiratory syncytial virus were provided by nine healthcare systems in LAC. Influenza-associated deaths in all ages are reportable to LAC Department of Public Health; confirmed reports are counted as observed deaths. Results The midyear LAC population increased from 10,019,362 in 2013 to 10,272,648 in 2017. The median number of observed influenza deaths reported to public health was 81 in 2015–2016 (minimum [min]: 56 in 2015–2015, maximum [max]: 288 in 2017–2018). The median number of seasonal deaths with an underlying respiratory or circulatory cause was 27,455 (min: 25,828, max: 28,732). The median estimate of influenza-attributable deaths was 1,478 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 823–2,613) in 2015–2016, with a min of 1,045 deaths (CI: 629–2,258) in 2013–2014 and a max of 1,905 (CI: 1,075–3,269) in 2017–2018. Conclusion Although influenza-associated deaths at all ages are reportable in LAC, a variety of barriers to reporting exist. Our estimates indicate that influenza-associated deaths in LAC are underreported. The more comprehensive modeled estimate of the burden of influenza can better inform local policy and planning decisions. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals The relationship between amount of soda consumed and intention to reduce soda consumption among adults exposed to the Choose Health LA ‘Sugar Pack’ health marketing campaign

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2582-2591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Robles ◽  
Jonathan L Blitstein ◽  
Alicea J Lieberman ◽  
Noel C Barragan ◽  
Lauren N Gase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Soda ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Soda Consumption ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveTo examine behavioural intention to reduce soda consumption after exposure to the Choose Health LA ‘Sugar Pack’ campaign in Los Angeles County, California, USA.DesignA cross-sectional street-intercept survey was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, health behaviours and behavioural intentions after exposure to the ‘Sugar Pack’ campaign. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships between the amount of soda consumed and self-reported intention to reduce consumption of non-diet soda among adults who saw the campaign.SettingThree pre-selected Los Angeles County Metro bus shelters and/or rail stops with the highest number of ‘Sugar Pack’ campaign advertisement placements.SubjectsRiders of the region’s Metro buses and railways who were the intended audience of the campaign advertisements.ResultsThe overall survey response rate was 56 % (resulting n 1041). Almost 60 % of respondents were exposed to the advertisements (619/1041). The multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested that the odds of reporting intention to reduce soda consumption among moderate consumers (1–6 sodas/week) were 1·95 times greater than among heavy consumers (≥1 soda/d), after controlling for clustering and covariates. Respondents with less than a high-school education and who perceived sugary beverage consumption as harmful also had higher odds; in contrast, respondents aged ≥65 years had lower odds.ConclusionsResults suggest that future campaigns should be tailored differently for moderate v. heavy consumers of soda. Similar tailoring strategies are likely needed for younger groups, for those with less educational attainment and for those who do not perceive consumption of soda as harmful.

The Sunland Grizzly

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Josh Sides
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Grizzly Bear ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Founding Director

In 1916, Cornelius Birket Johnson, a Los Angeles fruit farmer, killed the last known grizzly bear in Southern California and the second-to last confirmed grizzly bear in the entire state of California. Johnson was neither a sportsman nor a glory hound; he simply hunted down the animal that had been trampling through his orchard for three nights in a row, feasting on his grape harvest and leaving big enough tracks to make him worry for the safety of his wife and two young daughters. That Johnson’s quarry was a grizzly bear made his pastoral life in Big Tujunga Canyon suddenly very complicated. It also precipitated a quagmire involving a violent Scottish taxidermist, a noted California zoologist, Los Angeles museum administrators, and the pioneering mammalogist and Smithsonian curator Clinton Hart Merriam. As Frank S. Daggett, the founding director of the Los Angeles County Museum of History, Science and Art, wrote in the midst of the controversy: “I do not recollect ever meeting a case where scientists, crooks, and laymen were so inextricably mingled.” The extermination of a species, it turned out, could bring out the worst in people.

Unification and Its Discontents

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Brian Kovalesky
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School District ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
The State ◽  
White Working Class ◽  
City Schools

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, during the height of protests and actions by civil rights activists around de facto school segregation in the Los Angeles area, the residents of a group of small cities just southeast of the City of Los Angeles fought to break away from the Los Angeles City Schools and create a new, independent school district—one that would help preserve racially segregated schools in the area. The “Four Cities” coalition was comprised of residents of the majority white, working-class cities of Vernon, Maywood, Huntington Park, and Bell—all of which had joined the Los Angeles City Schools in the 1920s and 1930s rather than continue to operate local districts. The coalition later expanded to include residents of the cities of South Gate, Cudahy, and some unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County, although Vernon was eventually excluded. The Four Cities coalition petitioned for the new district in response to a planned merger of the Los Angeles City Schools—until this time comprised of separate elementary and high school districts—into the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD). The coalition's strategy was to utilize a provision of the district unification process that allowed citizens to petition for reconfiguration or redrawing of boundaries. Unification was encouraged by the California State Board of Education and legislature in order to combine the administrative functions of separate primary and secondary school districts—the dominant model up to this time—to better serve the state's rapidly growing population of children and their educational needs, and was being deliberated in communities across the state and throughout Los Angeles County. The debates at the time over school district unification in the Greater Los Angeles area, like the one over the Four Cities proposal, were inextricably tied to larger issues, such as taxation, control of community institutions, the size and role of state and county government, and racial segregation. At the same time that civil rights activists in the area and the state government alike were articulating a vision of public schools that was more inclusive and demanded larger-scale, consolidated administration, the unification process reveals an often-overlooked grassroots activism among residents of the majority white, working-class cities surrounding Los Angeles that put forward a vision of exclusionary, smaller-scale school districts based on notions of local control and what they termed “community identity.”

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