scholarly journals Distribution and Location Stability of the Australian Ophthalmology Workforce: 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12574
Author(s):  
Penny Allen ◽  
Belinda Jessup ◽  
Santosh Khanal ◽  
Victoria Baker-Smith ◽  
Kehinde Obamiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Work Location ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Regression Design ◽  
High Level ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To investigate the ophthalmology workforce distribution and location stability using Modified Monash Model category of remoteness. Methods: Whole of ophthalmologist workforce analysis using Australian Health Practitioner Registration Agency (AHPRA) data. Modified Monash Model (MMM) category was mapped to postcode of primary work location over a six-year period (2014 to 2019). MMM stability was investigated using survival analysis and competing risks regression. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Australia. Participants: Ophthalmologists registered with AHPRA. Main outcome measures: Retention within MMM category of primary work location. Results: A total of 948 ophthalmologists were identified (767 males, 181 females). Survival estimates indicate 84% of ophthalmologists remained working in MMM1, while 79% of ophthalmologists working in MMM2–MMM7remained in these regions during the six-year period. Conclusion: The Australian ophthalmology workforce shows a high level of location stability and is concentrated in metropolitan areas of Australia. Investment in policy initiatives designed to train, recruit and retain ophthalmologists in regional, rural and remote areas is needed to improve workforce distribution outside of metropolitan areas.

Health Care Experiences in Rural, Remote, and Metropolitan Areas of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Sharon L Bourke ◽  
Claire Harper ◽  
Elianna Johnson ◽  
Janet Green ◽  
Ligi Anish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
World Class

Background: Australia is a vast land with extremes in weather and terrain. Disparities exist between the health of those who reside in the metropolitan areas versus those who reside in the rural and remote areas of the country. Australia has a public health system called Medicare; a basic level of health cover for all Australians that is funded by taxpayers. Most of the hospital and health services are located in metropolitan areas, however for those who live in rural or remote areas the level of health service provision can be lower; with patients required to travel long distances for health care. Purpose: This paper will explore the disparities experienced by Australians who reside in regional and remote areas of Australia. Method: A search of the literature was performed from healthcare databases using the search terms: healthcare, rural and remote Australia, and social determinants of health in Australia.  Findings: Life in the rural and remote areas of Australia is identified as challenging compared to the metropolitan areas. Those with chronic illnesses such as diabetes are particularly vulnerable to morbidities associated with poor access to health resources and the lack of service provision. Conclusion: Australia has a world class health system. It has been estimated that 70% of the Australian population resides in large metropolitan areas and remaining 30% distributed across rural and remote communities. This means that 30% of the population are not experiencing their health care as ‘world-class’, but rather are experiencing huge disparities in their health outcomes. Keywords: rural and remote, health access, mental health issues, social determinants DOI:  https://doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v21i1.652  

An overview of the general practice nurse workforce in Australia, 2012–15

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy Heywood ◽  
Caroline Laurence
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Practice Nurse ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Nursing Workforce ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Part Time

Several surveys of the general practice nurse (GPN) workforce have been undertaken in Australia over the last decade, but they have limitations, which mean that the workforce is not well-understood. The aim of this study is to describe the profile of the GPN workforce using the dataset available through the Australia Health Practitioner Registration Agency and to explore how it differs from the non-GPN nursing workforce, and if this workforce is changing over time. Data from labour force surveys conducted from 2012 to 2015 were used. Variables examined were age group, gender, remoteness area, hours worked, nurse type (enrolled (EN) or registered (RN)), years in the workforce and also intended years of work before exiting the workforce. When compared with the broader nursing workforce, a greater proportion of GPNs in 2015 were older (60 v. 51%), worked part-time (65 v. 48%) and worked in regional areas (35 v. 26%). Additionally, the characteristics of GPNs has changed between 2012 and 2015, with an increased proportion of younger nurses, more registered nurses and fewer working in remote areas. To ensure a sustainable workforce, particularly in rural and remote areas, strategies to recruit and retain this workforce will be needed.

scholarly journals A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Giovanni Battista Gaggero ◽  
Mario Marchese ◽  
Aya Moheddine ◽  
Fabio Patrone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas

The way of generating and distributing energy throughout the electrical grid to all users is evolving. The concept of Smart Grid (SG) took place to enhance the management of the electrical grid infrastructure and its functionalities from the traditional system to an improved one. To measure the energy consumption of the users is one of these functionalities that, in some countries, has already evolved from a periodical manual consumption reading to a more frequent and automatic one, leading to the concept of Smart Metering (SM). Technology improvement could be applied to the SM systems to allow, on one hand, a more efficient way to collect the energy consumption data of each user, and, on the other hand, a better distribution of the available energy through the infrastructure. Widespread communication solutions based on existing telecommunication infrastructures instead of using ad-hoc ones can be exploited for this purpose. In this paper, we recall the basic elements and the evolution of the SM network architecture focusing on how it could further improve in the near future. We report the main technologies and protocols which can be exploited for the data exchange throughout the infrastructure and the pros and cons of each solution. Finally, we propose an innovative solution as a possible evolution of the SM system. This solution is based on a set of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies called Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) which could be employed to improve the performance of the currently used technologies and provide additional functionalities. We also propose the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to periodically collect energy consumption data, with evident advantages especially if employed in rural and remote areas. We show some preliminary performance results which allow assessing the feasibility of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Implementing transnational telemedicine solutions: A connected health project in rural and remote areas of six Northern Periphery countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Casey ◽  
Patrick S. Hayes ◽  
David Heaney ◽  
Lee Dowie ◽  
Gearoid ÓLaighin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Connected Health ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Health Project

scholarly journals Development and performance evaluation of a Pedal Operated Seed Cleaner (POS-Cleaner)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilber Akatuhurira ◽  
Peter Tumutegyereize ◽  
Isaac Oluk ◽  
Emmanuel Baidhe ◽  
Julia Kigozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
List Type ◽  
Centrifugal Fan ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cleaning Methods

Abstract Traditional grain cleaning methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and yet very inefficient. The use of available mechanical seed cleaners is widely limited since they are expensive to own, operate, and maintain. A Pedal Operated Seed Cleaner (PoS-Cleaner) was developed and its performance evaluated. Appropriate engineering principles and methodologies were used in the sizing and construction of the machine. The cleaner consists of a bicycle-like pedaling system, hopper, a centrifugal fan, and three cleaning sieves which include two inside interlocking sieves (one sieve fixed and the other adjustable); whose meshes can be adjusted to be larger than the size of the unclean seeds by longitudinally translating the second sieve to achieve the appropriate seed size. This allows trapping of impurities larger than the seeds. Cleaning rates of 576.5 kg/h, 375.8 kg/h, and 377.4 kg/h for maize, beans, and groundnuts were obtained respectively. Maize, beans, and groundnuts had their highest cleaning efficiencies of 95.09%, 87.61%, and 81.67% at inner sieve sizes of 13 mm, 16 mm and 10 mm respectively, pedaling speed of 60 rpm. The PoS-Cleaner presents a more viable cleaning option for smallholder farmers in rural and remote areas with no access to the national grid, therefore producing high-quality seeds. This will eventually facilitate agricultural value addition and increase individual family incomes in Uganda. Article highlights A pedal operated multi-seed cleaner was developed. Achieved 5 times higher seed cleaning rates compared to traditional cleaning technologies. Attained higher separation efficiencies of seed and externalities compared to traditional technologies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document