scholarly journals Adaptive Aging Safety of Guidance Marks in Rail Transit Connection Systems Based on Eye Movement Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Yong Fang ◽  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Hua Hu ◽  
Jiayi Zhou ◽  
Dianliang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Design Method ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Visual Behavior ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Comprehensive Index ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Connection System

The aim of this study was to meet the visual cognition needs of the elderly population for the guidance marks and safety guidance marks of the rail transit connection system. Based on the visual characteristics of the elderly population, this paper firstly determined the visual field and sight range of the marks of the elderly population from three aspects—visual angle, visual distance, and height of the elderly population—and constructed the visual recognition space of the elderly population. Then, from the perspective of the setting position, the setting height, and the deflection angle, an adaptive aging safety design method for the guidance marks in the rail transit connection system is proposed. Then, based on the eye movement data of fixation duration, initial fixation duration, and the number of visits, a visual behavior index model is constructed to iteratively optimize the adaptive aging safety design of guidance marks in a rail transit connection system. A radar map is used to calculate the comprehensive index of visual behavior to determine the optimal scheme. Finally, taking the traffic connection system of Shanghai Songjiang University Town Station as an example, the eye movement data of 37 participants were collected, according to the principle that each connection path should only be taken once per person; the above method was used to design 7 connection path guidance marks for an adaptive aging safety design. The results showed that the comprehensive index of visual behavior of different paths had different degrees of improvement of up to 14.00%, which verified the effectiveness of the design method. The research results have certain theoretical significance and application value for the adaptive aging safety design and retrofit of guidance marks of rail transit connection systems.

Validity and Reliability of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE)

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Mahshid Foroughan ◽  
Zahra Jafari ◽  
Ida Ghaemmagham Farahani ◽  
Vahid Rashedi
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Farsi Version

Abstract. This study examines the psychometric properties of the IQCODE and its applicability in the Iranian elderly population. A group of 95 elderly patients with at least 4 years of formal education who fulfilled the criteria of DSM-IV-TR for dementia were examined by the MMSE and the AMTs. The Farsi version of the IQCODE was subsequently administered to their primary caregivers. Results showed a significant correlation ( p = .01) between the score of the questionnaire and the results of the MMSE ( r = −0.647) and AMTs ( r = −0.641). A high internal reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α = 0.927) and test-retest reliability by correlation coefficient ( r = 0.81). This study found that the IQCODE has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used for evaluating the cognitive state in the elderly population of Iran.

Age Differences in Eye Movements During Reading: Degenerative Problems or Compensatory Strategy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
José David Moreno ◽  
José A. León ◽  
Lorena A. M. Arnal ◽  
Juan Botella
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Sentence Reading ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eye Movements During Reading

Abstract. We report the results of a meta-analysis of 22 experiments comparing the eye movement data obtained from young ( Mage = 21 years) and old ( Mage = 73 years) readers. The data included six eye movement measures (mean gaze duration, mean fixation duration, total sentence reading time, mean number of fixations, mean number of regressions, and mean length of progressive saccade eye movements). Estimates were obtained of the typified mean difference, d, between the age groups in all six measures. The results showed positive combined effect size estimates in favor of the young adult group (between 0.54 and 3.66 in all measures), although the difference for the mean number of fixations was not significant. Young adults make in a systematic way, shorter gazes, fewer regressions, and shorter saccadic movements during reading than older adults, and they also read faster. The meta-analysis results confirm statistically the most common patterns observed in previous research; therefore, eye movements seem to be a useful tool to measure behavioral changes due to the aging process. Moreover, these results do not allow us to discard either of the two main hypotheses assessed for explaining the observed aging effects, namely neural degenerative problems and the adoption of compensatory strategies.

Do Successor Effects in Reading Reflect Parafoveal Processing? Evidence From Corpus-Based and Experimental Eye Movement Data

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Angele ◽  
Elizabeth R. Schotter ◽  
Timothy Slattery ◽  
Tara L. Chaloukian ◽  
Klinton Bicknell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Parafoveal Processing ◽  
Movement Data

Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sommaruga ◽  
R. Beekman ◽  
S. Chu ◽  
Z. King ◽  
C. Matouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Percutaneous Sacroplasty for Sacral Insufficiency Fractures: Case Series and Review of Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Clark ◽  
Devang Butani
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Open Reduction Internal Fixation ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Sacral Insufficiency Fractures

Sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs) are a cause of debilitating low back pain that is often difficult to diagnosis and manage. The diagnosis of SIF is often delayed due to inaccurately attributing symptoms to spondylosis, which is a commonly present in the elderly population where SIFs are most prevalent. Historically, treatment consisted of medical management and open reduction internal fixation reserved for severe cases. However, percutaneous sacroplasty has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option which provides early pain relief without significant complications. The objective of this article is to raise awareness of SIFs and percutaneous sacroplasty as an effective and safe treatment method.

The New Geriatric Syndromes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Animesh Gupta ◽  
Soumya K. Inamadar ◽  
Ashish Goel
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Social Deficits ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Geriatric syndromes consist of common clinical conditions affecting the elderly population. They lead to multiple, interacting medical and social deficits that increase the risk of adverse health outcomes, including dependence, institutionalization and also death. Research over the last few decades, in this area of medicine, has led to evolution of newer syndromes that pose a greater challenge to the physician. The present review aims to provide a synopsis of some of the newer syndromes like frailty, osteosarcopenia, sleep disorders and oropharyngeal dysphagia that have emerged in geriatric literature in recent times.

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