scholarly journals Conformity of Annual Reports to an Integrated Reporting Framework: ASE Listed Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Altarawneh ◽  
Asma’a Omar Al-Halalmeh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Industry Type

The objectives of this study are to determine the level of conformity between Current Issued Reports (CIRs) and Integrated Report (IR) elements of the Amman Stocks Exchange (ASE) listed companies, as well as to determine whether the investigated corporate characteristics (size, age, quality assurance (QA), earning per share (EPS), industry type, foreign ownership (FO)) of these companies have any impact on the conformability of CIRs. It is worth mentioning that (QA), and (EPS), have never been examined by looking at its association with corporate disclosures, and IR in particular. Based on adoption of the IR framework and using the method of content analysis, corporate annual reports and other stand-alone reports of 82 companies in 2017 and 2018 within the financial, industrial, and services sectors, were chosen for this study. The findings of the study provide an answer to the research question and show that sectors vary in their levels of conformity. It reveals that the service sector shows the lowest conformability compared to other sectors, whereas the financial firms conform 65%, followed by the industrial sector. It also finds a positive association between CIRs conformability and variables of size, age of company and quality assurance. However, EPS, FO and type of industry were found to have no impact on the conformability of CIRs to the IR framework. This study has contributed to IR research, which, as a field, has previously received very little recognition among scholars in Jordan. Moreover, IR still does not exist in Jordan’s business practices.

The Business of Education: Home Study at Columbia University and the University of Wisconsin in the 1920s and 1930s

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (9) ◽  
pp. 2496-2517
Author(s):  
Robert Hampel
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Proprietary Schools ◽  
Home Study ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Extension Work ◽  
Collection Practices

Background Correspondence schools abounded in early 20th-century America. Several hundred for-profit vendors drew the vast majority of the annual enrollments, which peaked at one half million in the mid-1920s. Dozens of well-known universities created home study departments to expand their “extension” work. The handful of good studies of the origins of distance education falls short of what we need to understand this popular alternative to traditional schooling. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study In 1930, Abraham Flexner ridiculed home study at Columbia, and, to a lesser extent, Wisconsin and Chicago. His denunciation of the mercenary spirit of home study reverberates in contemporary discussions of the entrepreneurial aspirations of American universities. This article places the business practices of home study at Columbia and Wisconsin alongside the work of proprietary schools to see if Flexner's criticisms were accurate. Research Design The article compares the advertising, sales, and collection practices of Columbia, Wisconsin, and the for-profit outfits in the 1920s and 1930s. The archival sources for Columbia and Wisconsin include annual reports, financial statements, letters to and from the directors of home study, and other documents. For the private schools, the verbatim transcripts of the annual meetings of their trade association are especially valuable. Conclusions Flexner's critique is misleading. Columbia avoided the excesses that swelled the income and marred the reputations of many for-profit schools. Wisconsin did even more to distance itself from the proprietary firms. The article ends with ruminations on the options available to universities when they undertake work in a field dominated by the private sector.

CSR and sustainability reporting practices in India: an in-depth content analysis of top-listed companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Aggarwal ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Industry Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability reporting (SR) practices of Indian companies in terms of disclosure quantity and quality, and to investigate the differences in SR practices by SR dimension, industry, ownership structure, firm size and profitability. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected from annual reports/business responsibility reports (BRR)/CSR/sustainability reports of 60 top-listed companies in India. A comprehensive sustainability reporting index is developed. Content analysis technique is used. Inter-coder reliability is established. Findings Altogether, 18 items of the index are not disclosed by the majority of companies in India. SR quality is found significantly lower than the SR quantity. Moreover, SR practices significantly differ by dimension/category, industry-type and firm-size but are not influenced by ownership structure. However, the study fails to establish any conclusive relationship between SR and profitability. Practical implications The present study has several implications for corporates, practitioners, policymakers and stakeholders. The findings underscore the need for amendments in the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and BRR framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India to avoid patchy disclosures and ensure complete reporting by companies. Originality/value This study is among the foremost studies in India evaluating SR practices of top-listed companies in the wake of the mandatory BRR requirement from a quantitative as well as qualitative perspective using a multidimensional index.

What drives intellectual capital reporting? Evidence from Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-589
Author(s):  
Mishari M. Alfraih
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Purpose Motivated by the increased attention on intellectual capital reporting (ICR) from regulatory bodies, practitioners, and researchers and the recent calls for companies to supplement and complement their traditional financial statements with intellectual capital (IC) disclosure, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the drivers of ICR among the companies listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE). Design/methodology/approach Content analysis was applied to the annual reports of all companies listed on the KSE in 2013. A multiple regression analysis was employed to explore the ICR drivers. Findings Despite the growing importance of ICR in capital markets, the study findings reveal an overall relatively low level of ICR among KSE-listed companies. In addition, the level of ICR varies significantly between companies. The results show that the level of ICR for all KSE-listed companies in 2013 ranged from 0 to 96 percent and the mean was 28 percent. The multiple regression analysis suggests that older, highly leveraged, larger, and profitable KSE-listed companies are associated with higher levels of ICR. Industrial sector is a partial driver. Practical implications Surprisingly, many of the KSE-listed companies do not disclose any IC information in their annual reports. Given the increasingly important role that IC information plays in capital markets, regulatory bodies should encourage, stimulate, and guide companies to report IC information. The findings offer insights as to the drivers of ICR that should improve efforts to develop recommendations that push for greater IC disclosure in corporate annual reports. Originality/value The study is the first examination of ICR drivers in Kuwait. It contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence about ICR in a market with specific economic, social, and cultural characteristics. It enhances our understanding of ICR by revealing some of its drivers.

scholarly journals Effects of corporate governance on sustainable development reporting in Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muttanachai Suttipun ◽  
Sirima Saelee
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Stock Exchange Of Thailand ◽  
Study Population

The aims of this research are to investigate the extent of sustainable development reporting (SDR) by listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), to determine the differences in the intra-group SDR scores, and to test for the relationships between corporate governance and the SDR scores. The study population was top-100 SET-listed companies and the research data were collected from their 2011-2013 annual reports. The results showed that the SET-listed sampled companies earned an average SDR score of 33.5 (out of a total of 70) during the study period of 2011-2013; and that state-owned companies had higher scores on SDR than private firms. In addition, significant relationships existed between the variables of family ownership, audit type and industry type and the SDR scores. The limitations include the sole dependence on the annual reports as the credible source of data, the length of study, and the type of research information. This research study is the first that attempts to examine the influence of corporate governance on SDR in the Thai context.

scholarly journals From the corporate social responsibility reporting to the integrated reporting: the case of Sabaf S.p.a

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Camodeca ◽  
Alex Almici
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility Report ◽  
International Integrated Reporting Council ◽  
Corporate Social

In December 2013, the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) published the International Integrated Reporting Framework. The aim of the Framework is to provide the guiding principles and the content elements of an integrated report. The integrated report constitutes an evolutionary step in the corporate’s financial and non-financial communication, moving from the social responsibility reporting to the integrated reporting. This practice is at the beginning in Europe and especially in Italy, where only a few listed companies have decided to face the multitude of challenges the integrated report implies. Considering the relevance of such a new form of communication, the paper examines the main steps carried out by an Italian listed company moving towards the integrated report. The research has been conducted by adopting a qualitative case study approach, by focusing on Sabaf S.p.a, an Italian listed medium sized company belonging to the Star Segment. This company has been selected, because it was one of the first adopters of the integrated report among the Italian listed companies. The study is built on data gathered through sites visits, structured interviews and company materials. The paper examines Sabaf’s transition from the corporate social responsibility report to the integrated report, aiming at answering the following research question: Why has Sabaf moved to integrated reporting? Which are Sabaf’s main steps towars the integrated report? How is the Sabaf’s integrated reporting process going? The findings should be of interest to a number of parties including standard setters, firms, financial advisors, auditors and users of non-financial statements.

scholarly journals EKSPLORASI ELEMEN INTEGRATED REPORTING DALAM ANNUAL REPORTS PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Anis Chariri ◽  
Indira Januarti
Keyword(s):  
Audit Committee ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Integrated Reporting

This study aims to identify the patterns and scope of integrated reporting and to examine the effect of audit committee characteristics (expertise and meeting) on elements of integrated reporting disclosed in the annual report of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges (IDX). This study used 170 annual reports of companies  listed on the IDX as research data (not all companies have the required data). Research data were then analyzed using STATA / MP14 Software. The findings showed that the IDX-listed companies have presented annual reports in accordance with the elements of integated reporting although the scope of presentation was relatively low amounting of  51% (33 of 64 indicators). Furthermore, this study revealed that the audit committees’ expertise (in accounting/ finance) and the frequency of audit committee meetings positively and significantly influenced the scope of the integrated reporting presented in the annual report of the companies.

Sustainability reporting and integrated reporting perspectives of Thai-listed companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-694
Author(s):  
Neungruthai Petcharat ◽  
Mahbub Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reporting Practices

Purpose This paper aims to examine the reporting on sustainability and the level of compliance with international best practice, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), aimed at improving communicative value to users. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative approach, comprising interviews with senior managers and analysis of disclosures in annual reports of Thai-listed companies, this paper contributes to the literature by providing evidence from an emerging market setting. Findings This study finds that sustainability reporting and integrated reporting perspectives of sampling companies are aiming to satisfy information needs to stakeholders and value creation to external users. Sustainability disclosures are related to some aspect of integrated reporting (IR) principles but not all. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study are based on the results from interviews and annual reports of five business sectors, and may therefore, not reflect the sustainability reporting practices and/or annual reports of other Thai-listed companies. Also, there is limited reporting on future outlook. Practical implications The findings suggest that while sustainability and IR is being adopted very widely, in many countries, there is much variation in reporting practice especially in our emerging country context adopting a “comply or explain” approach. Social implications For the Thai-listed companies, IR systems could be in their early stages and still have long way to go. The results can greatly encourage Thai-listed firms to incorporate integrated information in annual reports based on international standards thus building trust in capital markets and wider society. Originality/value The findings contribute to the literature on sustainability reporting and on the level of compliance with international best practice such as GRI by providing empirical analysis of non-financial disclosures within publicly available reporting in Thailand.

Empirical investigations on boards, business characteristics, human capital and environmental reporting

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshima Said ◽  
Noorain Omar ◽  
Wan Nailah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Reporting ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Board Characteristics ◽  
Industry Type

Purpose – The objectives of this paper are to examine the level of environmental disclosure in annual reports made by Malaysian public listed companies for the year ended 2009, and to investigate whether there are any relationships between board characteristics (board size and board independence), firm characteristics (business type) and human capital characteristics (age, knowledge background and proportion of female directors) and environmental disclosure in Malaysian public listed companies' annual reports for the year ended 2009. Design/methodology/approach – The study constructs the environmental disclosure index with 11 disclosure themes based on research by Sharifah et al. to determine the environmental disclosure level. The study uses content analysis to find the environmental disclosure items and constructs an environmental disclosure index from the companies' annual reports. Hierarchical regression analysis is used to examine the relationships between the environmental disclosure index and board characteristics (board size and board independence), firm characteristics (business type) and human capital characteristics (age, knowledge background and proportion of female directors). Findings – The results of the study reveal that there is a significant relationship between the existence of an independent non-executive chairman, the chairperson's age, the existence of a CEO with a law background and the industry type with the extent of environmental disclosure. The industry type is found to be the most significant variable that influences the level of environmental disclosure in Malaysian public listed companies for the year ended 2009. Research limitations/implications – The findings are limited to Malaysian public listed companies for the year January to December 2009. The source of the data used in this study is companies' annual reports only. This study has several implications that may apply in many countries, irrespective of whether they are developing or developed countries. First, it provides strong evidence to show that boards of directors and human capital are significant variables in the extent of disclosure. Second, it is useful to managers, especially to boards of directors in Malaysia, in identifying board characteristics and human capital characteristics that could improve companies' environmental activities; these could be disclosed in the interest of stakeholders and the public's environmental concern. Third, this study can also be used as an initial step for companies in to be involved in environmental activities. Prior studies have proved that these activities could enhance companies' image and reputation and could offer financial benefits to the business. Originality/value – The study extends the previous studies by the inclusion of human capital characteristics as a factor that influences environmental reporting in Malaysia. This study has demonstrated that to mitigate the agency problems between firms and shareholders, society and stakeholders, and particularly environmental impact, the inclusion of human capital characteristics as an indicator may help to reduce expected costs and negative impacts on firm value, and may also demonstrate to society and the company's stakeholders that individual firms are doing their part to help solve society's social and environmental problems through additional disclosures.

Integrated or non-integrated reports: French listed companies at a crossroads?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuassi M. Charles Zinsou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business System ◽  
Integrated Or

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the degree of integration of reference documents (RD) produced by French CAC 40 listed companies to determine whether they have initiated the adoption of an integrated reporting (IR) approach. In particular, the author has examined how the French regulation shapes the integration of sustainable development issues within the business practices of these companies. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of content analysis of 279 RD over nine years (2006-2014), the author has examined the extent and the quality of the IR practice with the help of three criteria (strategy, governance and commitment of stakeholders). Evidence of the existence of an integration practice is thus sought using 34 CAC 40 companies having the obligation, according to various regulations, to include in their management report information relating to questions of sustainable development (SD). Findings There is a variation between the CAC 40 companies regarding integration of SD issues in the core business. As a result of the analysis, the author has observed that 41% of companies in our sample integrate issues of SD to more than 90%, whereas other companies consider concerns relating to SD as subsidiary. All of the companies (100%) have put in place policies to manage the environmental and social governance aspects, assuming recognition of the importance of these issues for the companies. Yet only a few (41%) went further than the mere declaration of intent and have revised their business processes to reflect the taking into account of all the factors which contribute to the process of value creation. On the whole, the principle of connectivity that perfectly defines the integrated character of a report is only moderately respected by the companies in the sample. Practical implications The methodology deployed in this study to identify the integration practices of listed companies in France can be replicated by other researchers who would endeavor to assess the IR practices of companies from other countries. For regulatory agencies, this study provides evidence on how the various regulations that make up a national business system shape company reporting and allow informing different categories of stakeholders. Originality/value This research provides the empirical result of a longitudinal study of the degree of integration of RDs in the context of an environment regulating non-financial reporting. The construction of a set of criteria characterizing the degree of integration of SD issues at the heart of businesses is another innovative approach of this study.

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