scholarly journals The Unbalanced Analysis of Economic Urbanization—A Case Study of Typical Cities in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyang Cao ◽  
Bingzhong Zhou ◽  
Yishao Shi ◽  
Xiaowen Pei
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Inducing Factors ◽  
Regional Imbalance

In the process of economic urbanization, because of competition among cities, agglomerations and polarization of regional economies are produced. This paper studies the urban polarization with Chinese characteristics and the regional economic urbanization, which include the imbalance under the influence of different geographical factors between the east and west of China and the imbalance under the comprehensive influence of natural and human factors in the province. The urban economic polarization index (UEPI) is constructed to describe the regional imbalance caused by the economic polarization of capital cities in China. The purpose is to explore the polarization of provincial capitals in their respective provinces and to reveal the strength and evolution of their role in the imbalance of economic urbanization. Then, combined with relevant analysis of natural and socio-economic background data, the induced factors and the mechanism of urban polarization are diagnosed. The results show the following: (1) The UEPI can accurately measure the polarization level of provincial capitals through the calculation of typical cities. (2) Based on the UEPI, capital cities can be divided into four categories, which include inapparent, obvious, prominent, and striking. Different cities have different effects on the imbalance in economic urbanization. (3) The main inducing factors of urban polarization are the resource environment, policy system, industrial structure, investment, scientific and technological innovation, location, and extroversion. The policy system is often an important link that integrates and adjusts various factors to form a comprehensive driving mechanism.

Retail Suburbanization, Modernization, and Growth in Sydney during Australia’s Postwar Boom

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422110236
Author(s):  
Matthew Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
And Function ◽  
Retail Formats ◽  
Car Driving

This article uses Sydney as a case study to examine the process of retail decentralization during Australia’s postwar boom, showing how the form and function of capital city retailing changed completely in just a couple of decades. Suburban migration, the emergence of mobile car-driving consumers, socially constructed gender roles, the ongoing importance of public transport networks, planning regimes that sought to concentrate development in designated zones, and business growth strategies that deployed retail formats developed in America all played a role in shaping the form and function of Australian retailing during the postwar boom. In the process, the retail geographies of Australia’s capital cities were transformed from highly centralized distribution structures dominated by the urban core, to decentralized landscapes of retail clusters featuring modern retail forms like the supermarket and shopping center that would come to define Australian retailing for the remainder of the century.

scholarly journals Intergovernmental cooperation, divided societies and capital cities: The case of the Ethiopian capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Yonatan T. Fessha
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Constitutional Politics ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
Diverse Communities

Some call it Addis Ababa. Others call it Finfinnee. That is the capital city of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. “What’s in a name?” In fact, the name is at the centre of the row over the federal capital. Those who opt to refer the capital as Finfinnee claim that the capital belongs to the Oromo. Those that stick to the official name, Addis Ababa, reject the language of ownership. But this is not merely a fight over history. It is a constitutional politics that has gripped the federation. The debate over the Ethiopian capital brings to fore the question about the place of capital cities in multi-ethnic federations. Using the Ethiopian capital as a case study, this article investigates how capital cities can manage the tension between the accommodation of diverse communities and the indigeneity argument that is often used as a basis to claim ownership. The article argues that the mediation of tensions can be best addressed through the framework of intergovernmental cooperation.

Interconnections between the cultural and creative industries and tourism: challenges in four Ibero-American capital cities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Helena Henriques ◽  
Silvina Renee Elias
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Cultural And Creative Industries

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the European and Latin America urban cultural policies that could enhance cultural and creative sustainable tourism products development. Design/methodology/approach The methodological framework is based on a comparative case study regarding the importance, dynamics and policies associated to cultural and creative tourism in four Ibero-American cities, namely, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Lisbon and Madrid. Findings This exploratory analysis underlines the growing importance of cultural and creative tourism in the four capital cities. On one hand, cities reveal different tourism impacts and, on the other hand, they are associated to different cultural and creative sector structures. Cities cultural and creative performance put in evidence that sustainable cities index, global talent competitiveness index and cultural and creative cities monitor, tend to position Madrid in the first place followed by, Lisbon, Buenos Aires and Brasilia. Research limitations/implications In general, and despite the importance of space in the creative process, there is little research on the geography of the creative industries and there is a lack of cross-country comparative studies so that it is difficult to assess the particularities of each model of creativity. Practical implications Cities could enhance more efforts in investing, not only in the traditional cultural infrastructures but also on the new forms of culture, new technologies, new makers, new audiences based on their attributes, activities and labels, in a framework of urban sustainable policies based on “innovation,” “inclusiveness” and “interconnectivity.” Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the comparative analysis of four cities based on cultural and creative sector and tourism interconnections. Simultaneously, it lies in an exploratory model application.

scholarly journals Driving Factors and Future Prediction of Land Use and Cover Change Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Data by the LCM Model: A Case Study from Gansu Province, China

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongming Li ◽  
Mingming Feng ◽  
Asim Biswas ◽  
Haohai Su ◽  
Yalin Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Arid And Semiarid ◽  
Land Use And Cover

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is an important issue affecting the global environment, climate change, and sustainable development. Detecting and predicting LUCC, a dynamic process, and its driving factors will help in formulating effective land use and planning policy suitable for local conditions, thus supporting local socioeconomic development and global environmental protection. In this study, taking Gansu Province as a case study example, we explored the LUCC pattern and its driving mechanism from 1980 to 2018, and predicted land use and cover in 2030 using the integrated LCM (Logistic-Cellular Automata-Markov chain) model and data from satellite remote sensing. The results suggest that the LUCC pattern was more reasonable in the second stage (2005 to 2018) compared with that in the first stage (1980 to 2005). This was because a large area of green lands was protected by ecological engineering in the second stage. From 1980 to 2018, in general, natural factors were the main force influencing changes in land use and cover in Gansu, while the effects of socioeconomic factors were not significant because of the slow development of economy. Landscape indices analysis indicated that predicted land use and cover in 2030 under the ecological protection scenario would be more favorable than under the historical trend scenario. Besides, results from the present study suggested that LUCC in arid and semiarid area could be well detected by the LCM model. This study would hopefully provide theoretical instructions for future land use planning and management, as well as a new methodology reference for LUCC analysis in arid and semiarid regions.

The optimization of regional industrial structure under the water-energy constraint: A case study on Hebei Province in China

Energy Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 111558
Author(s):  
Yazhou Liu ◽  
Jiacong Bian ◽  
Xiangmei Li ◽  
Shuyi Liu ◽  
David Lageson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Energy Constraint ◽  
Regional Industrial Structure

Discharge policies for homeless people and immigrants: Compromising professional ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1355-1363
Author(s):  
Nathan Hodson ◽  
Rose Glennerster
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Healthcare Professions

Discharging a homeless patient from hospital raises ethical issues which are compounded when the patient is from outside the United Kingdom. This article begins with an extended case study of a 30-year-old homeless man from Lithuania describing his complex medical and social needs. It is best practice for all homeless patients to have their housing needs planned for prior to discharge, but this is made more difficult by the United Kingdom’s ‘hostile environment’ policy which creates a subclass of homeless people who are not eligible for support. This means healthcare professionals discharge patients back to homelessness, even when this is likely to adversely affect their health and dignity both directly and indirectly through impairing access to care for chronic conditions. Policies in health and social care which compel professionals to treat some patients with second-class care undermine the ethics of healthcare professions.

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