scholarly journals Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Grymowicz ◽  
Ewa Rudnicka ◽  
Agnieszka Podfigurna ◽  
Paulina Napierala ◽  
Roman Smolarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme

The hair cycle and hair follicle structure are highly affected by various hormones. Androgens—such as testosterone (T); dihydrotestosterone (DHT); and their prohormones, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and androstendione (A)—are the key factors in terminal hair growth. They act on sex-specific areas of the body, converting small, straight, fair vellus hairs into larger darker terminal hairs. They bind to intracellular androgen receptors in the dermal papilla cells of the hair follicle. The majority of hair follicles also require the intracellular enzyme 5-alpha reductase to convert testosterone into DHT. Apart from androgens, the role of other hormones is also currently being researched—e.g., estradiol can significantly alter the hair follicle growth and cycle by binding to estrogen receptors and influencing aromatase activity, which is responsible for converting androgen into estrogen (E2). Progesterone, at the level of the hair follicle, decreases the conversion of testosterone into DHT. The influence of prolactin (PRL) on hair growth has also been intensively investigated, and PRL and PRL receptors were detected in human scalp skin. Our review includes results from many analyses and provides a comprehensive up-to-date understanding of the subject of the effects of hormonal changes on the hair follicle.

scholarly journals Morus alba Root Extract Induces the Anagen Phase in the Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1155
Author(s):  
Jiyu Hyun ◽  
Jisoo Im ◽  
Sung-Won Kim ◽  
Han Young Kim ◽  
Inwoo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Factor Secretion ◽  
Growth Factor Secretion

Restoring hair follicles by inducing the anagen phase is a promising approach to prevent hair loss. Hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) play a major role in hair growth via the telogen-to-anagen transition. The therapeutic effect of Morus alba activates β-catenin in HFDPCs, thereby inducing the anagen phase. The HFDPCs were treated with M. alba root extract (MARE) to promote hair growth. It contains chlorogenic acid and umbelliferone and is not cytotoxic to HFDPCs at a concentration of 20%. It was demonstrated that a small amount of MARE enhances growth factor secretion (related to the telogen-to-anagen transition). Activation of β-catenin was observed in MARE-treated HFDPCs, which is crucial for inducing the anagen phase. The effect of conditioned medium derived from MARE-treated HFDPCs on keratinocytes and endothelial cells was also investigated. The findings of this study demonstrate the potency of MARE in eliciting the telogen-to-anagen transition.

scholarly journals Pharmacologic inhibition of JAK-STAT signaling promotes hair growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. e1500973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivan Harel ◽  
Claire A. Higgins ◽  
Jane E. Cerise ◽  
Zhenpeng Dai ◽  
James C. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

Several forms of hair loss in humans are characterized by the inability of hair follicles to enter the growth phase (anagen) of the hair cycle after being arrested in the resting phase (telogen). Current pharmacologic therapies have been largely unsuccessful in targeting pathways that can be selectively modulated to induce entry into anagen. We show that topical treatment of mouse and human skin with small-molecule inhibitors of the Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway results in rapid onset of anagen and subsequent hair growth. We show that JAK inhibition regulates the activation of key hair follicle populations such as the hair germ and improves the inductivity of cultured human dermal papilla cells by controlling a molecular signature enriched in intact, fully inductive dermal papillae. Our findings open new avenues for exploration of JAK-STAT inhibition for promotion of hair growth and highlight the role of this pathway in regulating the activation of hair follicle stem cells.

Cultured dermal papilla cells from androgen-dependent human hair follicles (e.g. beard) contain more androgen receptors than those from non-balding areas of scalp

1992 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Randall ◽  
M. J. Thornton ◽  
A. G. Messenger
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Age Related

ABSTRACT Androgens stimulate hair growth in many areas, e.g. the beard; they also induce regression and balding on the scalp with increasing age in genetically disposed individuals. The cause(s) of this biological conundrum is unknown but age-related; androgen-potentiated changes also occur in the prostate. The mesenchymederived dermal papilla situated at the base of the hair follicle is thought to play an important role in regulating the growth and development of the follicular epithelium. Since androgens probably act on the hair follicle via the dermal papilla, cultures of dermal papilla cells from human hair follicles with differing responses to androgens in vivo have been established and their ability to bind androgens assessed. Receptor binding was assayed by saturation analysis (0·05–10 nmol/l) using the synthetic non-metabolizable androgen, [3H]mibolerone. Shionogi 115 cells were also assayed as a positive control. Specific high-affinity low-capacity androgen receptors were identified in 12 dermal papilla primary cell lines with similar characteristics to established androgen receptors. Cells from androgen-sensitive follicles (beard, scrotum and pubis) contained higher levels of androgen receptors than those derived from relatively androgeninsensitive non-balding scalp follicles whether the receptor content was calculated in relation to cell number, protein or DNA content of the cells. These results support the hypothesis that androgens act on hair follicles via the dermal papilla in vivo and demonstrate that dermal papilla cells exhibit an altered phenotype in culture which depends on the body site from which they were derived. Cultured human dermal papilla cells should prove a useful model system for studies of the mechanism of androgen action, and further investigations may elucidate the paradox of why bald men can grow beards. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 133, 141–147

Hormones and Hair Growth: Variations in Androgen Receptor Content of Dermal papilla Cells Cultured from Human and Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) Hair Follicles.

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 (s1) ◽  
pp. 114S-120S ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Anne Randall ◽  
Margaret Julie Thornton ◽  
Andrew Guy Messenger ◽  
Nigel Andrew Hibberts ◽  
Andrew Stewart Irving Loudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Cells Cultured

Smooth muscle alpha-actin is a marker for hair follicle dermis in vivo and in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Jahoda ◽  
A.J. Reynolds ◽  
C. Chaponnier ◽  
J.C. Forester ◽  
G. Gabbiani
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin ◽  
Actin Expression ◽  
Alpha Actin ◽  
Sheath Cells

We have examined the expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin in hair follicles in situ, and in hair follicle dermal cells in culture by means of immunohistochemistry. Smooth muscle alpha-actin was present in the dermal sheath component of rat vibrissa, rat pelage and human follicles. Dermal papilla cells within all types of follicles did not express the antigen. However, in culture a large percentage of both hair dermal papilla and dermal sheath cells were stained by this antibody. The same cells were negative when tested with an antibody to desmin. Overall, explant-derived skin fibroblasts had relatively low numbers of positively marked cells, but those from skin regions of high hair-follicle density displayed more smooth muscle alpha-actin expression than fibroblasts from areas with fewer follicles. 2-D SDS-PAGE confirmed that, unlike fibroblasts, cultured papilla cells contained significant quantities of the alpha-actin isoform. The rapid switching on of smooth muscle alpha-actin expression by dermal papilla cells in early culture, contrasts with the behaviour of smooth muscle cells in vitro, and has implications for control of expression of the antigen in normal adult systems. The very high percentage of positively marked cultured papilla and sheath cells also provides a novel marker of cells from follicle dermis, and reinforces the idea that they represent a specialized cell population, contributing to the heterogeneity of fibroblast cell types in the skin dermis, and possibly acting as a source of myofibroblasts during wound healing.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Rab27a and Rab27b Has Opposite Effects on the Regulation of Hair Cycle and Hair Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5672
Author(s):  
Kyung-Eun Ku ◽  
Nahyun Choi ◽  
Jong-Hyuk Sung
Keyword(s):  
Hair Growth ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Culture Models

Rab27a/b are known to play an important role in the transport of melanosomes, with their knockout causing silvery gray hair. However, the relationship between Rab27a/b and hair growth is not well known. To evaluate the role of Rab27a/b in hair cycle, we investigated the expression of Rab27a/b during hair cycling and human outer root sheath (hORS) cells. The expression of Rab27a in ORS cells was mainly detected at the anagen, whereas expression of Rab27b in ORS, and epidermal cells was strongly expressed at the telogen. Additionally, Rab27a/b were expressed in the Golgi of hORS cells. To evaluate the role of Rab27a/b in hair growth, telogen-to-anagen transition animal and vibrissae hair follicles (HFs) organ culture models were assayed using Rab27a/b siRNAs. The knockdown of Rab27a or Rab27b suppressed or promoted hair growth, respectively. These results were also confirmed in human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and hORS cells, showing the opposite mitogenic effects. Moreover, Rab27b knockdown increased the expression levels of various growth factors in the hDPCs and hORS cells. Overall, the opposite temporal expression patterns during hair cycling and roles for hair growth of Rab27a/b suggested that Rab27a/b might regulate the hair cycle. Therefore, our study may provide a novel solution for the development of hair loss treatment by regulating Rab27a/b levels.

scholarly journals Dermal exosomes containing miR-218-5p promote hair regeneration by regulating β-catenin signaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (30) ◽  
pp. eaba1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqi Hu ◽  
Zhenhua Li ◽  
Halle Lutz ◽  
Ke Huang ◽  
Teng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Hair Regrowth ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Hair Follicle Cycle

The progression in the hair follicle cycle from the telogen to the anagen phase is the key to regulating hair regrowth. Dermal papilla (DP) cells support hair growth and regulate the hair cycle. However, they gradually lose key inductive properties upon culture. DP cells can partially restore their capacity to promote hair regrowth after being subjected to spheroid culture. In this study, results revealed that DP spheroids are effective at inducing the progression of the hair follicle cycle from telogen to anagen compared with just DP cell or minoxidil treatment. Because of the importance of paracrine signaling in this process, secretome and exosomes were isolated from DP cell culture, and their therapeutic efficacies were investigated. We demonstrated that miR-218-5p was notably up-regulated in DP spheroid–derived exosomes. Western blot and immunofluorescence imaging were used to demonstrate that DP spheroid–derived exosomes up-regulated β-catenin, promoting the development of hair follicles.

scholarly journals Platelet factor 4 inhibits human hair follicle growth and promotes androgen receptor expression in human dermal papilla cells

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9867
Author(s):  
Ke Sha ◽  
Mengting Chen ◽  
Fangfen Liu ◽  
San Xu ◽  
Ben Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Hair Follicle Growth

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been reported recently as a potential therapeutic approach for alopecia, such as androgenetic alopecia, but the exact mechanisms and effects of specific components of this recipe remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified that platelet factor 4 (PF4), a component of PRP, significantly suppressed human hair follicle growth and restrained the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Furthermore, our results showed that PF4 upregulated androgen receptor (AR) in human dermal papilla cells in vitro and via hair follicle organ culture. Among the hair growth-promoting and DP-signature genes investigated, PF4 decreased the expression of Wnt5a, Wnt10b, LEF1, HEY1 and IGF-1, and increased DKK1 expression, but did not affect BMP2 and BMP4 expression. Collectively, Our data demonstrate that PF4 suppresses human hair follicle growth possibly via upregulating androgen receptor signaling and modulating hair growth-associated genes, which provides thought-provoking insights into the application and optimization of PRP in treating hair loss.

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