scholarly journals Alleles of the GRF3-2A Gene in Wheat and Their Agronomic Value

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12376
Author(s):  
Mikhail S. Bazhenov ◽  
Anastasiya G. Chernook ◽  
Ludmila A. Bespalova ◽  
Tatiana I. Gritsay ◽  
Nadezhda A. Polevikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Rare Mutation ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

The Growth-regulating factors (GRF) are a family of plant-specific transcription factors that have roles in plant growth, development and stress response. In this study the diversity of the TaGRF3-2A (TraesCS2A02G435100) gene was investigated in Russian bread wheat germplasm by means of next generation sequencing and molecular markers, and the results compared with those from multiple wheat genome and exome sequencing projects. The results showed that an allele possessing c.495G>T polymorphism found in Bezostaya 1 and designated as TaGRF3-2Ab, is connected with earlier heading and better grain filling under conditions of the Krasnodar Krai. TaGRF3-2Ab is more frequent among Russian winter wheat cultivars than in other germplasms found in the world, implying that it is adaptive for the Chernozem region. A new rare mutation of the TaGRF3-2A was found in the spring wheat cultivar Novosibirskaya 67. The molecular markers developed will facilitate utilization of TaGRF3-2A mutations in future agronomic studies and wheat improvement. Albeit GRF3-2Ab may be good at maintaining high milling quality of the grain, it should be used with caution in breeding of winter wheat cultivars in the perspective of climate change.

scholarly journals Effect of two‐week heat stress during grain filling on stem reserves, senescence, and grain yield of European winter wheat cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Schittenhelm ◽  
Tina Langkamp‐Wedde ◽  
Martin Kraft ◽  
Lorenz Kottmann ◽  
Katja Matschiner
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Stem Reserves

scholarly journals Nonparametric Methods in the Analysis of the Quality of Kernel of Selected Winter Wheat Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ćwiklinska ◽  
Zofia Hanusz ◽  
Jakub Soja ◽  
Renata Polak
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Nonparametric Methods ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Abstract The paper presents a statistical analysis of weight and diameter of kernel obtained for eight investigated winter wheat cultivars. Preliminary analyses of experimental results, such as compliance with a normal distribution, equality of variance for particular cultivars, and occurrence of outliers proved that there is no justification for the use of a traditional one-way analysis of variance for verification of hypotheses according to which weight and diameter of grains of the investigated winter wheat cultivars do not differ. A nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for verification of hypotheses which based on the experimental results enabled to reject both hypotheses. Further, simultaneous average weight and diameters of grain of the investigated cultivars were compared with the use of Nemenyi-Dunn test. The applied test enabled to conclude which cultivars had a significantly higher weight than the others. Analogous comparisons were carried out for the diameter of kernels of the investigated winter wheat cultivars.

Genetic Improvement in Milling and Baking Quality of Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivars, 1919 to 1988

Crop Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Cox ◽  
M. D. Shogren ◽  
R. G. Sears ◽  
T. J. Martin ◽  
L. C. Bolte
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Gas exchange rates and nitrogen concentrations in two winter wheat cultivars during the grain-filling period

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (19) ◽  
pp. 2110-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Migus ◽  
L. A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
N Treatment ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Rate Of Decline

CO2 exchange (CER) and transpiration (TR) rates of flag leaves, penultimate leaves, and the ear of two winter wheat cultivars (cv. Fredrick and cv. Bezostaya-1), were measured at intervals during the life of the flag leaf. These were grown at two levels of nitrogen (N), 105 and 210 mg L−1, supplied from the double ridge stage of apical development. Nitrogen concentrations and dry weights of the flag and penultimate leaves, and of various other plant parts, were also measured.CER of main culm flag leaves of both cultivars declined more slowly from ear emergence to approximately 2.5 weeks postanthesis than either before or after this period. Similarly, the CER pattern of main culm penultimate leaves of Fredrick showed a plateau during this same period. By contrast, CER of the penultimate leaves of Bezostaya declined more uniformly overtime. CER of illuminated ears declined steadily from anthesis, whereas CER in the dark decreased to a maximum negative value approximately 2 weeks postanthesis. Nitrogen treatment had little effect on these CER patterns, with the exception of Bezostaya penultimate leaves, in which the rate of decline was slower for the higher N treatment.Nitrogen concentrations of the flag and penultimate leaves, and in the nongrain ear component, decreased steadily during the grain-filling period for both cultivars and N treatments. Leaf N concentration also decreased during the preanthesis period in Fredrick at both N treatments, and in Bezostaya at the lower N treatment. The time – course of N concentration in the leaves was not closely mirrored by CER, indicating that factors other than the N concentration of the leaves were important in determining the pattern of CER.TR of the flag and penultimate leaves declined from full flag leaf expansion until anthesis and then rose during a 2- to 2.5-week-postanthesis period for both cultivars and N treatments, with the exception of Bezostaya at the lower N treatment. The increase in TR during the filling period suggests that the reduced rate of decline in CER at that time may have resulted, at least partly, because a reduction in gas phase resistance offset an increase in residual resistance.

Yield and baking quality of winter wheat cultivars in different farming systems of the DOK long-term trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (14) ◽  
pp. 2477-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabell Hildermann ◽  
Andreas Thommen ◽  
David Dubois ◽  
Thomas Boller ◽  
Andres Wiemken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

scholarly journals Resistance of winter wheat cultivars to leaf rust in conditions of the Central Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.R. Manukyan ◽  
N.N. Dogusova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

The main problem of wheat immunity to leaf rust is the loss of efficiency of most Lrgenes. The decrease in efficiency is associated with microevolutionary processes within the population and the emergence of new virulent phytopathogen races that can overcome previously efficient resistance genes. The article presents the results of the phytopathological test and marker analysis of the selected material of winter wheat for resistance to the leaf rust pathogen (Puccinia recondita Rob.ex Desm f. sp. tritici.). The object of the research was 20 cultivar samples of various ecological and geographical origins. DNA was isolated from the leaves of 10-day-old wheat germs. Molecular markers were used for the following genes: Lr9 (SCS5), Lr10 (Fi.2245/Lr10-6/r2), Lr19/Sr25 (SCS265), Lr20/Sr15 (STS638), Lr24/Sr24 (Sr24#12), Lr34/Sr57 (csLV34), Lr37/Sr38/Yr17/Pch2/Cre5 (Ventriup/LN2), Lr41 (GDM35), Lr47 (PS10). Using molecular markers, the studied wheat varieties did not reveal the highly and partially effective genes Lr9, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr41, and Lr47 in Russia, and the ineffective gene Lr20/Sr1. As a result of molecular screening, it was found that the List 25 variety had Lr37 genes; the Mif variety had Lr10 genes; the Eltan variety had Lr10 genes; the Markola variety had Lr34 genes; the Malvina variety had Lr26 genes; the Tvorets variety had Lr10 genes; the DB 1/05 variety had Lr10 genes; the Evklid variety had Lr10 genes; the Sumai aut variety had Lr34 genes; the Lebidka odes'ka variety had Lr34 genes; the Solara variety – Lr34; the Zhiva variety – Lr10, Lr34. When comparing the results of marker analysis with field resistance to leaf rust, the resistant type of reaction to infection (R) was shown by the cultivars: Battum, Eltan, Evklid, Areal, and Solara; the susceptible type of reaction (S) was noted in the cultivars Markola and Mallyska; the medium susceptible type of reaction (MS) – in the cultivars Lebidka odes'ka and Tvorets.

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