scholarly journals Trissolcus kozlovi in North Italy: Host Specificity and Augmentative Releases against Halyomorpha halys in Hazelnut Orchards

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Silvia Teresa Moraglio ◽  
Francesco Tortorici ◽  
Sara Visentin ◽  
Marco Giuseppe Pansa ◽  
Luciana Tavella
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
New Host ◽  
Augmentative Releases ◽  
Few Data ◽  
High Adaptation

Trissolcus kozlovi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) emerged from field-laid eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North Italy, and it emerged in significantly higher numbers from fresh H. halys eggs compared to other native scelionids. Since few data on T. kozlovi are available, its host-specificity and some biological traits were investigated in laboratory tests, and its impact after augmentative releases was evaluated in two hazelnut orchards. Among the 12 tested bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae), only Nezara viridula was an unsuitable host, while the highest offspring proportions were obtained from Arma custos, Pentatoma rufipes, and Peribalus strictus, followed by Acrosternum heegeri and Palomena prasina. Furthermore, when reared on P. strictus, T. kozlovi showed a high longevity as well as a high adaptation to H. halys eggs. In both hazelnut orchards, T. kozlovi emerged from H. halys eggs after field releases, but it was not found in the next two years. The physiological host range of T. kozlovi was quite similar to that of T. japonicus, and probably T. kozlovi has just begun to attack H. halys as a new host. This aspect needs to be further investigated, as well as its favorable environmental conditions, its distribution and also its possible interaction with T. japonicus, currently present in Italy.

scholarly journals Parasitoids of Butterflies: Reassignment of Dolichogenidea hasorae (wilkinson, 1928) as a New Combination along with New Host-parasitoid Linkages and Notes on Host Specificity from Kerala, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ankita Gupta ◽  
K. Saji ◽  
P. Manoj
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time

Butterflies are flagship species for biodiversity conservation and thus the knowledge of their associated natural enemies is important. In this study, rearing data on parasitism of seven butterfly species in six genera belonging to three Lepidoptera families (Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae and Papilionidae) are presented for the first time from Kerala, India. Four species of parasitic wasps along with two possibly unnamed species, collectively from three Hymenoptera families (Braconidae, Chalcididae and Ichneumonidae), were discovered. <em>Dolichogenidea hasorae</em> (Wilkinson, 1928) <strong>n. comb.</strong> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is reassigned from the traditionally defined genus <em>Apanteles</em>. The following host associations are recorded: <em>Brachymeria lasus</em> (Walker) (Chalcididae) from pupa of <em>Hasora chromus</em> (Cramer) (Hesperiidae); <em>Casinaria ajanta</em> Maheshwary&amp;Gupta (Ichneumonidae) from caterpillars of two hesperiid species − <em>Ampittia dioscorides</em> (Fabricius) (Hesperiidae) and <em>Parnara</em> sp. (Hesperiidae); <em>Dolichogenidea hasorae</em> (Wilkinson) <strong>n. comb.</strong> from caterpillar of <em>Hasora taminatus</em> (Hübner); <em>Glyptapanteles aristolochiae</em> (Wilkinson) from caterpillar of <em>Troides minos</em> (Cramer) (Papilionidae); <em>Apanteles</em> sp. (Braconidae) from caterpillar of <em>Telicota bambusae</em> (Moore) (Hesperiidae); and <em>Cotesia</em> sp. from caterpillar of <em>Udara akasa</em> (Horsfield) (Lycaenidae). The majority of these records are the first reports except <em>C. ajanta</em> from <em>Parnara</em> sp. Host range extension and varied host association of parasitoids are discussed based on newly acquired and previously published data. Brief diagnosis of wasps and illustrations of wasps along with their respective hosts are provided.

Physiological host range of Trissolcus mitsukurii, a candidate biological control agent of Halyomorpha halys in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Giovannini ◽  
Giuseppino Sabbatini-Peverieri ◽  
Leonardo Marianelli ◽  
Gabriele Rondoni ◽  
Eric Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys

scholarly journals A Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1 Reveals a Type III Effector Repertoire Significantly Divergent from That of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalvo F. Almeida ◽  
Shuangchun Yan ◽  
Magdalen Lindeberg ◽  
David J. Studholme ◽  
David J. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Tomato Dc3000 ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Host Range Determination ◽  
Range Determination

Diverse gene products including phytotoxins, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and type III secreted effectors influence interactions between Pseudomonas syringae strains and plants, with additional yet uncharacterized factors likely contributing as well. Of particular interest are those interactions governing pathogen-host specificity. Comparative genomics of closely related pathogens with different host specificity represents an excellent approach for identification of genes contributing to host-range determination. A draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1, which is pathogenic on tomato but nonpathogenic on Arabidopsis thaliana, was obtained for this purpose and compared with the genome of the closely related A. thaliana and tomato model pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Although the overall genetic content of each of the two genomes appears to be highly similar, the repertoire of effectors was found to diverge significantly. Several P. syringae pv. tomato T1 effectors absent from strain DC3000 were confirmed to be translocated into plants, with the well-studied effector AvrRpt2 representing a likely candidate for host-range determination. However, the presence of avrRpt2 was not found sufficient to explain A. thaliana resistance to P. syringae pv. tomato T1, suggesting that other effectors and possibly type III secretion system–independent factors also play a role in this interaction.

Host range and physiologic specialization in Rhynchosporium secalis

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ali ◽  
WJR Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Adequate Sampling ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

The pathogenic variability of isolates of R. secalis collected in Western Australia has been examined on different host genera of the Gramineae and on selected barley cultivars. Depending on the host-isolate combination and the conditions of the test, evidence has been obtained of inter- and intra-isolate variability in both host reaction and isolate pathogenicity. This complicates definitive interpretation of the results, militates against identification of conventional 'races' of the pathogen and shows that R. secalis does not exhibit strict host specialization. Hosts which consistently express resistance or susceptibility under different environmental conditions, and isolates which express their pathogenic characteristics consistently, have been identified. The need for more precise genetic studies and adequate sampling of genetic diversity is emphasized.

scholarly journals A Survey of Declining Palms (Arecaceae) With 16SrIV-D Phytoplasma to Evaluate the Distribution and Host Range in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 2512-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. Bahder ◽  
Noemi Soto ◽  
Ericka E. Helmick ◽  
Kishore K. Dey ◽  
Lidia Komondy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
The State ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
New Host ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Sabal Palmetto ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Research And Education

The 16SrIV-D phytoplasma was first identified in Florida in 2006. Since its discovery, it has spread throughout most of the state. It is most prevalent in the central part of Florida, from Hillsborough County on the west coast to St. Lucie County on the east coast. The 16SrIV-D phytoplasma is the causal agent of lethal bronzing disease (LBD), which is also known as Texas Phoenix palm decline (TPPD). It affects a variety of common and economically important ornamental palm species as well as the native and ecologically important species, Sabal palmetto. It has spread into the southern portions of Florida, where the palm species diversity is higher. The aims of this survey were to document the spread of disease in terms of geographic and host range one decade after its introduction into Florida, and to assess the risk that LBD poses to the nursery and landscaping industries. The survey included samples received from stakeholders throughout the state, covering 18 counties, as well as a systematic sampling of palms at the Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center (FLREC), where the disease is spreading actively. The findings of this survey resulted in the detection of LBD in eight new counties, including Collier, Hernando, Jefferson, Martin, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Seminole, and St. Johns, and the expansion of LBD into four new host species, Cocos nucifera, Livistona chinensis, Butia capitata, and Carpentaria acuminata. These findings are crucial for stakeholders because they highlight new hosts of 16SrIV-D phytoplasma and the geographic expansion of the disease, indicating that vigilance is needed when surveying declining palms.

The Importance of Reporting New Host-Fungus Records for Ornamental and Regional Crops

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Frank M. Dugan ◽  
Dean A. Glawe ◽  
Renuka N. Attanayake ◽  
Weidong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
New Record ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
New Records ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Fungus ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Accurate and timely reports of new host-fungus records are essential for diagnostics and identification, management, and prevention of plant diseases. Important also are venues to publish these reports in a timely manner and the ability to rapidly search for the information contained in these reports. Presented herein are examples of first reports of fungal pathogens on regional crops, including ornamentals and turf grasses, which illustrate how first reports contribute to preparedness, accurate diagnostics, and knowledge of biogeography and host range. We provide a guide to sources of host-fungus records, discuss venues for publishing new records, and review the information important in a new record, including deposition of voucher specimens. We appeal to plant health professionals to increase their efforts of discovering, documenting, and reporting new records. Accepted for publication 13 March 2009. Published 12 May 2009.

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