The Importance of Reporting New Host-Fungus Records for Ornamental and Regional Crops

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Frank M. Dugan ◽  
Dean A. Glawe ◽  
Renuka N. Attanayake ◽  
Weidong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
New Record ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
New Records ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Fungus ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Accurate and timely reports of new host-fungus records are essential for diagnostics and identification, management, and prevention of plant diseases. Important also are venues to publish these reports in a timely manner and the ability to rapidly search for the information contained in these reports. Presented herein are examples of first reports of fungal pathogens on regional crops, including ornamentals and turf grasses, which illustrate how first reports contribute to preparedness, accurate diagnostics, and knowledge of biogeography and host range. We provide a guide to sources of host-fungus records, discuss venues for publishing new records, and review the information important in a new record, including deposition of voucher specimens. We appeal to plant health professionals to increase their efforts of discovering, documenting, and reporting new records. Accepted for publication 13 March 2009. Published 12 May 2009.

scholarly journals New records of Grammicolepis brachiusculus Poey, 1873 (Zeiformes: Grammicolepididae) in Brazilian waters, with a key to Western Atlantic species of Grammicolepididae

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Carvalho-Filho ◽  
Guy Marcovaldi ◽  
Flavia Almeida Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Isabel G. Paiva ◽  
Cláudio L. S. Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Grammicolepis brachiusculus, commonly known as Thorny tinselfish, was previously cited from Brazilian waters, but not thoroughly documented. Here we report about a new record of this species, based on three voucher specimens, 169.2–196.3 mm SL, collected off Bahia, Brazil. This report extends the range of the species southwards for a distance of about 3,500 kilometers along the South American coastline. Given its rarity, an updated diagnosis of the species, and an identification key to the Western Atlantic species of Grammicolepididae, are provided.

New Records of Helminths in British Birds

1938 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis A. Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Species

The object of this short paper is to record a number of new host species for certain common helminths of birds. These new records show that the host range of some helminths is not so circumscribed as had been previously believed. Most of these parasites have been obtained at routine post-mortem examinations and hence were the result of natural infections in the field. A few however were the result of experimental feedings at this Institute.

scholarly journals Mosses of Daqahlia Province with one new record for Africa and three new records for Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Usama Y Abou Salama ◽  
Gamal MA Lashin ◽  
Ekram M Abdelhaliem ◽  
Gehad AA Hamouda
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Thirty six moss species were recorded from Daqahlia province, Nile Delta. Weissia perligulata Flow. (Pottiaceae) was new record to Afr1. In addition, Hyophila involute (Hook.) Jaeg., (Pottiaceae), Ptychostomum arcticum (R. Brown) J. R. Spence ex Holyoak & N. Pederson and P. cyclophyllum (Schwagr) J. R. Spence (Bryaceae) were new records for Egypt. Fifteen species were new to Nile delta. This raised the number of identified moss taxa recorded from Egypt up to 192 taxa, from Nile delta 51 taxa and Daqahlia province 39 taxa. Data on the up-to-date classification, habitats, voucher specimens and distribution of the enumerated species and the descriptions of the new records including the photos have been provided. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(1): 257-270, 2021 (June)

Biological synopsis of Photocryptus Viereck (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with eight new host records and fourteen new geographic records

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE P. AGUIAR ◽  
BERNARDO F. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Host Nest ◽  
New Host ◽  
Ovipositor Length ◽  
New Host Records

The host records of Photocryptus Viereck are revised. Nine species from seven genera and four families, all aculeate Hymenoptera, are recognized as hosts for species of Photocryptus. Published host records were compiled for three species, and eight new records are provided for four species, as follows: P. concinnus (Brullé) is parasitoid of Auplopus militaris (Lynch-Arribalzaga) (Pompilidae, Pepsinae) new record, Sceliphron assimile (Dahlbom) (Sphecidae, Sceliphrinae), new record, and Trypoxylon maidli Richards (Crabronidae, Trypoxyloninae), new record; P. fumatus (Hancock) is parasitoid of Santamenes novarae (Saussure) (Vespidae, Eumeninae), and Sceliphron assimile, new record; P. pachymenae (Cresson) is parasitoid of Pachymenes sp. (Vespidae, Eumeninae), and Sceliphron fistularium (Dahlbom); P. photomorphus Viereck is parasitoid of Sceliphron sp. and Brachymenes dyscherus (Saussure) (Vespidae, Eumeninae); P. testaceoniger (Taschenberg) is parasitoid of Sceliphron fistularium, new record; P. testaceus (Taschenberg) is parasitoid of Sceliphon fistularium, new record, Trypoxylon albitarse Fabricius, new record, and T. nitidum F. Smith, new record. A non-identified species of Photocryptus is recorded in the literature parasiting Trigonopsis violascens Dalla Torre (Sphecidae, Sceliphrinae). Original data provides the first evidence of two species of Photocryptus attacking the same host nest, namely P. testaceoniger and P. testaceus on a nest of S. fistularium; ovipositor length vs. nest dimensions are also compared for these species, suggesting either incidental attack or avoidance of confrontation behavior. Fourteen new geographic records are provided for seven species.

scholarly journals The Many Questions about Mini Chromosomes in Colletotrichum spp.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Peter-Louis Plaumann ◽  
Christian Koch
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
The Many ◽  
Accessory Chromosomes

Many fungal pathogens carry accessory regions in their genome, which are not required for vegetative fitness. Often, although not always, these regions occur as relatively small chromosomes in different species. Such mini chromosomes appear to be a typical feature of many filamentous plant pathogens. Since these regions often carry genes coding for effectors or toxin-producing enzymes, they may be directly related to virulence of the respective pathogen. In this review, we outline the situation of small accessory chromosomes in the genus Colletotrichum, which accounts for ecologically important plant diseases. We summarize which species carry accessory chromosomes, their gene content, and chromosomal makeup. We discuss the large variation in size and number even between different isolates of the same species, their potential roles in host range, and possible mechanisms for intra- and interspecies exchange of these interesting genetic elements.

scholarly journals First Report of Aberia caffra and Quercus cerris as Hosts of Inonotus rickii

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Annesi ◽  
R. Coppola ◽  
L. D'Amico ◽  
E. Motta
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Past ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Quercus Cerris ◽  
First Time ◽  
Celtis Australis

Inonotus rickii (Pat.) D. Reid (Hymenochaetaceae), widespread in tropical and subtropical countries, produces cankers and decay in several hardwoods. In Italy, it was recorded for the first time approximately 20 years ago on Parkinsonia sp. and Schinus molle L. in Sicily (2) and more recently on Acer negundo L. and Celtis australis L. in Rome (1). During May 2004, a survey was performed in Sicily in public and botanical gardens where the fungus had been detected in the past. Although the previously attacked plants had been removed, more trees were showing decline symptoms, with sparse foliage and some dieback. Typical brown, powdery masses of chlamydospores of I. rickii were observed near wounds or pruning cuts on Quercus cerris L. in Palermo and Sambucus nigra L. and Aberia caffra Hook. F. & Harv. in Catania. From each fungal specimen, fragments were isolated and cultured on malt agar. Cultures produced acute, thick-walled, brown setae (as much as 250 µm long) and abundant chlamydospores that were yellowish brown, thick walled, irregularly shaped, and 10 to 12 × 8 to 12 µm. Each isolate conformed to I. rickii (3). Cultures and voucher specimens have been deposited in the ISPaVe collection (PF40, PF41, and PF42) and the ROPV herbarium (772, 773, and 774). To our knowledge, this is the first report of I. rickii in living Q. cerris and A. caffra. S. nigra is a new host in Italy. This record shows that the pathogen has fully established itself in southern Europe where it may expand its host range. References: (1) T. Annesi et al. For. Pathol. 33:405, 2003. (2) M. Intini. Micol. Ital. 20:49, 1988. (3) J. A. Stalpers. Karstenia 40:167, 2000.

Annotated list of Cyanoprokaryota from Murmansk Region. I. Chroococcales

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
D. A. Davydov
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Region I

The results of studies of Cyanoprokaryota (Cyanophyta, Cyanobacteria) of the Murmansk Region are presented. The list of Chroococcales contains 78 species, 16 ones being reported as new records for the Murmansk Region, Gloeocapsopsis pleurocapsoides — as a new record for Russia.

scholarly journals Biological control of Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum root rot disease using Trichoderma species

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Abdelwanees Ketta ◽  
Omar Abd El-Raouf Hewedy
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root Rot

Abstract Background Root rot pathogens reported to cause considerable losses in both the quality and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). It is an aggressive crop disease with detriment economic influence caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani among other soil-borne fungal pathogens. Destructive plant diseases such as root rot have been managed in the last decades using synthetic pesticides. Main body Seeking of economical and eco-friendly alternatives to combat aggressive soil-borne fungal pathogens that cause significant yield losses is urgently needed. Trichoderma emerged as promising antagonist that inhibits pathogens including those inducing root rot disease. Detailed studies for managing common bean and pea root rot disease using different Trichoderma species (T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. atroviridae, T. lignorum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. cerinum, and T. album) were reported both in vitro and in vivo with promotion of plant growth and induction of systemic defense. The wide scale application of selected metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. to induce host resistance and/or to promote crop yield, may represent a powerful tool for the implementation of integrated pest management strategies. Conclusions Biological management of common bean and pea root rot-inducing pathogens using various species of the Trichoderma fungus might have taken place during the recent years. Trichoderma species and their secondary metabolites are useful in the development of protection against root rot to bestow high-yielding common bean and pea crops.

scholarly journals The Use of Essential Oils from Thyme, Sage and Peppermint against Colletotrichum acutatum

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Armina Morkeliūnė ◽  
Neringa Rasiukevičiūtė ◽  
Lina Šernaitė ◽  
Alma Valiuškaitė
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Biological Protection

The Colletotrichum spp. is a significant strawberry pathogen causing yield losses of up to 50%. The most common method to control plant diseases is through the use of chemical fungicides. The findings of plants antimicrobial activities, low toxicity, and biodegradability of essential oils (EO), make them suitable for biological protection against fungal pathogens. The aim is to evaluate the inhibition of Colletotrichum acutatum by thyme, sage, and peppermint EO in vitro on detached strawberry leaves and determine EO chemical composition. Our results revealed that the dominant compound of thyme was thymol 41.35%, peppermint: menthone 44.56%, sage: α,β-thujone 34.45%, and camphor: 20.46%. Thyme EO inhibited C. acutatum completely above 200 μL L−1 concentration in vitro. Peppermint and sage EO reduced mycelial growth of C. acutatum. In addition, in vitro, results are promising for biological control. The detached strawberry leaves experiments showed that disease reduction 4 days after inoculation was 15.8% at 1000 μL L−1 of peppermint EO and 5.3% at 800 μL L−1 of thyme compared with control. Our findings could potentially help to manage C. acutatum; however, the detached strawberry leaves assay showed that EO efficacy was relatively low on tested concentrations and should be increased.

scholarly journals Biological control of strawberry crown rot, root rot and grey mould by the beneficial fungus Aureobasidium pullulans

BioControl ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudassir Iqbal ◽  
Maha Jamshaid ◽  
Muhammad Awais Zahid ◽  
Erik Andreasson ◽  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Whole Plants

AbstractUtilization of biocontrol agents is a sustainable approach to reduce plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In the present study, we tested the effect of the candidate biocontrol fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (De Bary) G. Armaud on strawberry under in vitro and in vivo conditions to control crown rot, root rot and grey mould caused by Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert and Cohn) and Botrytis cinerea Pers, respectively. A dual plate confrontation assay showed that mycelial growth of P. cactorum and B. cinerea was reduced by 33–48% when challenged by A. pullulans as compared with control treatments. Likewise, detached leaf and fruit assays showed that A. pullulans significantly reduced necrotic lesion size on leaves and disease severity on fruits caused by P. cactorum and B. cinerea. In addition, greenhouse experiments with whole plants revealed enhanced biocontrol efficacy against root rot and grey mould when treated with A. pullulans either in combination with the pathogen or pre-treated with A. pullulans followed by inoculation of the pathogens. Our results demonstrate that A. pullulans is an effective biocontrol agent to control strawberry diseases caused by fungal pathogens and can be an effective alternative to chemical-based fungicides.

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