scholarly journals Resistance Affects the Field Performance of Insecticides Used for Control of Choristoneura rosaceana in Michigan Apples and Cherries

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Abdulwahab M. Hafez ◽  
David Mota-Sanchez ◽  
Christine Vandervoort ◽  
John C. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Important Chemical ◽  
Chemical Tools

Field-based residual bioassays and residue analysis were conducted to assess the field performance and toxicity longevity of different insecticides that had previously been associated with resistance of Choristoneura rosaceana populations collected from apple and cherry orchards. In this study, 12–24 h-old larvae of apple and cherry populations were exposed to apple and cherry leaf samples, respectively, at post-application intervals and a susceptible population served as a reference of each. In the apple and cherry trials, the order of residual longevity of insecticides that effectively controlled the tested populations was as follows: bifenthrin and spinetoram (apple: 14, cherry 21-day post-application), phosmet (apple: 7, cherry 14-day post-application), chlorantraniliprole (apple: 7-day post-application), and indoxacarb and emamectin benzoate (apple: 1, cherry 7-day post-application). Compared to the susceptible population, the resistant populations resulted in a measurable loss of field performance, or “practical resistance”, for the insecticides emamectin benzoate (at 7-day post-application), chlorantraniliprole (at 21-day post-application), and indoxacarb (at all post-application intervals) in the apple trials, while in cherry trial just indoxacarb at 7-day post-application showed a reduced efficacy. In terms of long-lasting residues, only chlorantraniliprole and indoxacarb maintained measurable leaf residues over all post-application intervals while the leaf residues of the other compounds had largely degraded within the first 7 days. These findings can help fruit growers make adjustments to their spray/re-application intervals and optimally utilize important chemical tools in their integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management in Protected Structures I: Basic Principles and Scouting

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh A. Smith ◽  
Gary E. Vallad ◽  
Bielinski M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Other Hand

The fundamentals of managing pests in protected structures are very similar in many respects to managing pests in field crops. But conditions within a protected structure can be modified to a certain degree to prevent, delay, or even mitigate pest issues. On the other hand, conditions that discourage one group of pests can often favor another. This 7-page fact sheet was written by Hugh A. Smith, Gary E. Vallad, and Bielinski M. Santos, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, June 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in994

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Silicate Application on Populations of Asian Citrus Psyllid in Tahiti Lime

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 684-691
Author(s):  
Augusto Ramírez-Godoy ◽  
María del Pilar Vera-Hoyos ◽  
Natalia Jiménez-Beltrán ◽  
Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Foliar Concentration

Asian citrus psyllid [ACP (Diaphorina citri)] is one of the most serious threats to the global citrus (Citrus sp.) culture, and management of ACP has depended primarily on the application of chemical insecticides. The expression of resistance mechanisms to herbivory is a key component in integrated pest management in crop production in which silicon (Si) applications can play an important role in plant–insect relationships. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the application of Si to tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia) plants under natural infestations of ACP. Two experiments were conducted using 15-month-old seedlings and 2-year-old trees, respectively. Treatments were 1) foliar Si sprays (potassium silicate) at a dose of 2 mL·L–1, 2) soil Si application at a dose of 1 kg commercial product per plant, 3) combined soil and foliar applications of Si at the doses just listed, and 4) untreated plants (control). The application of Si treatments to both seedlings and trees affected ACP oviposition, causing a reduction of 60%. Applications of Si did not affect the nutritional status (macronutrients and micronutrients) of plants in either test, except that the foliar concentration of Si tended to be greater in the soil and soil + foliar treatments than in the other treatment in both seedlings and trees. Based on these results, we suggest that Si can be added as a component of ACP integrated pest management programs.

Insecticidal effect of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen against the sugarcane whitefly Neomaskellia andropogonis on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
P. Koohzad-Mohammadi ◽  
M. Ziaee ◽  
A. Nikpay
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Selective Chemical ◽  
Neomaskellia Andropogonis

SummaryThe sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the important pests of sugarcane in Iran. The use of selective chemical insecticides helps to suppress whitefly infestations. Although several insecticides from various groups have been registered to control whiteflies, this is the first study to test the efficacy of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen insecticides against eggs, second instar nymphs and pupae of the sugarcane whitefly on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar. Five concentrations of the tested insecticides were applied in a leaf dipping bioassay under laboratory conditions. Probit analysis indicated that deltamethrin and dinotefuran with LC50 values of 50.1 and 49.5 ppm were the most toxic insecticides against eggs of N. andropogonis. Deltamethrin controlled nymphal and pupal stages more effective than the other two tested insecticides and the LC50 values were 49.7 and 5.44 ppm on nymphs and pupae, respectively. The LC50 values of dinotefuran on second instar nymphs and pupae were 564.7 and 78.7 ppm and the values were 270.9 and 18.3 ppm for spiromesifen, respectively. The results support the use of the insecticides in rotation according to their different mode of action in integrated pest management programs of the sugarcane whitefly N. andropogonis.

Parasitoid guild and parasitism rate of the obliquebanded leafroller in IPM orchards and adjacent woodlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Jacinthe Tremblay ◽  
Paula Cabrera ◽  
Daniel Cormier ◽  
Jacques Brodeur ◽  
Éric Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Parasitoid Guild

The obliquebanded leafroller (OBLR), Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) [Lepidoptera: Tortricidae], a primary pest in Quebec apple orchards, can be naturally parasitized. Knowing that habitats around crop’s peripheries are reservoirs for natural enemies of pests, the objective of the present investigation was to assess parasitism and parasitoid guild composition associated with the OBLR. The two-year study included orchards under integrated pest management, their edges, and adjacent woodlands. Parasitism was assessed using sentinel OBLR larvae and considered spring, early summer and late summer. Parasitism rates between regions with different vegetation composition were not significantly different. The first year, late summer larvae showed higher parasitism in orchards (27%), compared to edges (7%) and woodlands (11%). The following year, larvae exposed in early summer had higher parasitism rate in edges (28%) compared to orchards and woodlands (17% in both zones). Nineteen parasitoid species parasitized sentinel larvae. The tachinid Actia interrupta (Curran), the most abundant species, represented 28 and 62% of species the first and the second year respectively. Our research demonstrates that natural biological regulation of the OBLR is the result of a highly diversified parasitoid guild and this should be taken into account in any Integrated Pest Management program.

scholarly journals Aqueous extract of pequi fruit to control Spodoptera frugiperda in corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Dores da Cruz Souza ◽  
Teresinha Augusta Giustolin ◽  
Clarice Diniz Alvarenga ◽  
João Natal de Jesus Costa ◽  
Ignácio Aspiazú
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Visual Scoring ◽  
Corn Plants

ABSTRACT: Pequi fruit peels contain steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, compounds that are potentially useful for integrated pest management. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts of pequi fruit peels on Spodoptera frugiperda. Field-grown corn plants of the cultivar ‘Al Alvaré’ were sprayed with extract concentrations of 0.8%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% (v/v) 40 and 47 days after germination. The pequi peels were chopped, oven dried (65°C for 72 hours), and ground in a grinding mill. The resulting powder was used to prepare a base-line extract (10%), and the other concentrations evaluated were prepared by diluting this extract. The intensity of the damage caused by S. frugiperda caterpillars was evaluated 43, 46, 50, and 53 days after germination, using a visual scoring scale. Application of the extract decreased the amount of damage caused by the caterpillars. The 5% extract concentration was the most effective, while the 10% extract concentration showed evidence of phytotoxicity after the second spraying. These results suggest that the pequi extract is toxic to the S. frugiperda caterpillars and can be used for the management of this pest.

RESIDUES OF FOUR SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS AND AZINPHOS-METHYL ON APPLE FOLIAGE AND THEIR TOXICITY TO AMBLYSEIUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Bostanian ◽  
A. Belanger ◽  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The Other ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Amblyseius Fallacis ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
New Pest

AbstractResidue analysis of apple foliage obtained from an orchard treated with the insecticides cypermethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, permethrin, and azinphos-methyl revealed detectable residues on the leaves 8–9 weeks after the last treatment. Laboratory studies of foliage showed that of the synthetic pyrethroids, permethrin was initially as toxic as the other synthetic pyrethroids; however, its toxicity decreased considerably by the 5th and 6th week post-treatment. Azinphos-methyl was the least persistent and toxic insecticide evaluated. Unless new pest-management strategies are developed, the use of synthetic pyrethroids post-bloom in an integrated-pest-management program would not be desirable where Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) is the principal predator of phytophagous mites.

scholarly journals Oregon State University's Integrated Pest Management Program for the Oregon Hazelnut Industry

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Pheromone Trapping ◽  
Aphid Control

Oregon State University (OSU) developed an integrated pest management (IPM) program for hazelnut (Corylus avellana.) in the early 1980s, through a USDA grant. Sampling schemes and action thresholds were refined over a period of 4 years for the filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana), filbert aphid (Myzocallis coryli), filbert leafroller (Archips rosanus.), and obliquebanded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana), which are the most important insect pests in Oregon hazelnuts. A classical biological approach was employed in the mid-1980s when the filbert aphid parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, was imported from Europe. Grower survey results for 1981 and 1997 showed that the amount of pesticides applied for filbert aphid control has declined by 93%. The registration of synthetic pyrethroids for filbertworm control and the use of pheromone trapping have reduced the amount of active ingredient applied in the industry by 96%. The annual cost savings to Oregon hazelnut growers due to use of the OSU IPM program are estimated at $0.5 million. Current research focuses on the use of less toxic insecticides, such as insect growth regulators for filbertworm and leafroller control. The most serious hazelnut disease, eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala was first reported in the Pacific northwestern U.S. in 1973. It has spread its way through two thirds of the hazelnut acreage. Current OSU IPM recommendations include preventative fungicide sprays in spring, scouting for and cutting out infections, and replacement of the most susceptible cultivars when possible. The long-term approach to EFB control is the development of EFB immune varieties.

scholarly journals ESTIMATED DEMAND OF BIO PESTICIDES IN INDIA-A VIVID PICTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 309-311
Author(s):  
Dr.V.Gurumoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Considerable Impact

Bio pesticides are pesticides which are formed by using natural materials like plants, animals and its excreta, bacteria and minerals. Bio pesticides are often used in Integrated Pest Management(IPM) also. Conventional pesticides, on the other hand, use synthetic materials to control pests. However, due to increased awareness about the detrimental effects of conventional pesticides, the demand for bio pesticides has been steadily increasing. With the organic farming being an influential factor in the current farming setup, bio pesticides play a significant role in the entire organic inputs sector. Bio pesticides are need of the hour due to increase in pest resistance and yield. The global biopesticides market size is projected to grow at a CAGR of 14.7% from an estimated billion value of USD 4.3 billion in 2020 to reach USD 8.5 billion by 2025. Thus, the growing organic products market has made a considerable impact in the demand for bio pesticides. Against this backdrop, the present study is taken up to analyse the estimated demand of bio pesticides in India. KEY WORDS: Bio pesticides, demand

scholarly journals Bioactivity of aqueous extracts of Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. and Derris amazonica Killip on the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Cramer Filgueiras ◽  
Paulo Roberto Silva Farias ◽  
Maria das Graças Cardoso ◽  
José Djair Vendramim ◽  
Edson Marcos Leal Soares Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Choice Preference

Studies with botanical insecticides have become more popular as an alternative to Integrated Pest Management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf and fruit aqueous extracts, from the species Clibadium sylvestre, and leaves and root of Derris amazonica species at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8%, in the control of the aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Four experiments were conducted; two tests with choice preference and two tests with no choice preference, giving nine treatments and five repetitions. Phytochemical screening was carried out from the leaves and fruit of the species C. sylvestre and leaves and root of D. amazonica. Evaluations of mortality, number of nymphs, and deterrence index of the insects were conducted 24, 48 and 72 h after the application of the extracts. The aqueous extracts tested from C. sylvestre fruit concentrations had the highest mortality compared to the control; in the analysis of the number of the nymphs, the aqueous extract from fruit at 8% concentration had a higher efficiency than the other treatments. The D. amazonica leaves extract at 1% concentration showed the highest mortality and the lowest number of nymphs. The D. amazonica root extracts increased mortality at all concentrations tested, and the 8% concentration had the fewest nymphs. All treatments showed a deterrent effect. The 72 h period showed the greatest effect of the extracts, on two species of insects.

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