scholarly journals Hidden Diversity—A New Speciose Gall Midge Genus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Associated with Succulent Aizoaceae in South Africa

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Netta Dorchin ◽  
Stephany van Munster ◽  
Cornelia Klak ◽  
Rauri C. K. Bowie ◽  
Jonathan F. Colville
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
High Degree

Aizoaceae (Caryophyllales) constitute one of the major floral components of the unique Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR), with more than 1700 species and 70% endemism. Within succulent Aizoaceae, the subfamily Ruschioideae is the most speciose and rapidly diversifying clade, offering potential niches for the diversification of specialized herbivorous insects. Nevertheless, insect diversity on these plants has not been studied to date, and knowledge of gall-inducing insects in the Afrotropics is generally scarce. Our recent observations indicate that succulent Aizoaceae in the GCFR support a rich and largely unstudied community of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Here, we provide a first report of their diversity with a description of a new genus, Ruschiola Dorchin, and ten new species, based on morphological and molecular analyses of material collected during a three-year targeted survey across major GCFR vegetation types. A high degree of morphological uniformity in Ruschiola suggests recent diversification and necessitated the use of molecular data and laboratory rearing from host plants to verify species boundaries and host ranges.

Kootenaia burkei, a new genus and species of slug from northern Idaho, United States (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Arionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 355 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM P. LEONARD ◽  
LYLE CHICHESTER ◽  
JIM BAUGH ◽  
THOMAS WILKE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Decision ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
High Degree

A new genus and species of arionid slug, Kootenaia burkei n. gen. et n. sp., are formally described from northern Idaho, United States. This taxonomic decision is based on comparative anatomical and molecular data involving representatives of a total of ten species and three additional genera (Hemphillia, Prophysaon, and Zacoleus) of the family Arionidae. The anatomical analyses show that the new genus is characterized by a major autapomorphy, the complete absence of an epiphallus, which is found in all other arionids. The molecular analyses using two mitochondrial genes and the anatomical data produce congruent topologies. Overall, there is a high degree of concordance between the anatomical and molecular datasets.

scholarly journals An Integrative Study on Asphondylia spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Causing Flower Galls on Lamiaceae, with Description, Phenology, and Associated Fungi of Two New Species

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Umberto Bernardo ◽  
Francesco Nugnes ◽  
Simona Gargiulo ◽  
Rosario Nicoletti ◽  
Andrea Becchimanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dothidea ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Approach ◽  
Integrative Study

An integrative study on some species of Asphondylia was carried out. Two species of gall midges from Italy, Asphondylia rivelloi sp. nov. and Asphondylia micromeriae sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing flower galls respectively on Clinopodium vulgare and Micromeria graeca (Lamiaceae), are described and illustrated. The characteristics of each developmental stage and induced galls are described, which allowed the discrimination of these new species in the complex of Asphondylia developing on Lamiaceae plants. Molecular data based on sequencing both nuclear (ITS2 and 28S-D2) and mitochondrial (COI) genes are also provided in support of this discrimination. Phylogeny based on nuclear markers is consistent with the new species, whereas COI phylogeny suggests introgression occurring between the two species. However, these species can also be easily identified using a morphological approach. Phenology of host plants and gall midges are described, and some peculiar characteristics allow the complete and confident discrimination and revision of the treated species. Gall-associated fungi were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea,Alternaria spp., and Cladosporium spp.

scholarly journals Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. (Araneae, Nesticidae), with notes on the Mediterranean cave species

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Pavlek ◽  
Carles Ribera
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Subterranean Environment

This paper describes and illustrates a new genus and a new species belonging to the family Nesticidae based on morphology and supported by molecular data. The new genus, Kryptonesticus gen. nov., groups eight species spread from Bulgaria and Turkey to Croatia, including Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Crete. As a result, seven new combinations are proposed: K. eremita (Simon, 1879) comb. nov., K. arenstorffi (Kulczyński, 1914) comb. nov., K. fagei (Kratochvíl, 1933) comb. nov., K. beroni (Deltshev, 1977) comb. nov., K. beshkovi (Deltshev, 1979) comb. nov., K. henderickxi (Bosselaers, 1998) comb. nov. and K. dimensis (López-Pancorbo, Kunt & Ribera, 2013) comb. nov., all ex Nesticus. Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of both sexes and its phylogenetic relationships with closely related species are discussed based on morphological and molecular data (the cox1, rrn and H3 genes). In addition, the species of this new genus (except for K. eremita) are clear candidates for protection: they have highly restricted ranges and some of them show a high degree of adaptation to the subterranean environment.

scholarly journals The first record of the yew gall midge Taxomyia taxi (Inchbald, 1861) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the Polish Carpathians, southern Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Jan Bodziarczyk ◽  
Marcin Widlak ◽  
Malwina Siwy
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
First Time

Abstract The yew gall midge Taxomyia taxi has been found for the first time in the Polish Carpathians. The site lies in the “Yews in Mogilno” (“Cisy w Mogilnie”) nature reserve in the western part of the Beskid Niski (Low Beskid) Mountains. The species occurs over an area of ca. 37 ha, mostly in the northern, lowest-lying parts of the reserve. 19.4% of the inspected specimens of the European yew were found to exhibit signs of feeding by gall midges. Most of the infested yews (86.7%) were barren, 8.2% were females and 5.1% males. The yew gall midges displayed no clear preferences in relation to the health status of the host plants, although yews with a healthier photosynthetic apparatus were selected more often.

scholarly journals The Second Cretaceous Gall Midge Genus of the Tribe Diallactiini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from the Late Cretaceous Burmese Amber

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Perkovsky ◽  
Z. A. Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
Gall Midges

Abstract Ganseriella pankowskiorum Fedotova et Perkovsky, gen. et sp. n. has been described from the Late Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new genus is closely related to the genus Chastomera Skuse, 1888 stat. resurr., which was considered a synonym of Haplusia Karsch, 1877. Earlier, only Winnertzia burmitica (Cockerell) (Winnertziini) was described from Burmese amber. The new species is the first described Cretaceous representative of the tribe Diallactiini from Asia. Three species of fossil Diallactiini were described earlier: Cretohaplusia ortunoi Arillo et Nel, Palaeocolpodia eocenica Meunier and Diallactia bifurcata (Fedotova, 2004). The genera and species compositions of Cretaceous gall midges and fossil Diallactiini are reviewed.

Description of the soybean pod gall midge, Asphondylia yushimai sp. n. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a major pest of soybean and findings of host alternation

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yukawa ◽  
N. Uechi ◽  
M. Horikiri ◽  
M. Tuda
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Host Alternation ◽  
Mtdna Coi ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Distributional Information ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Major Pest

AbstractThe soybean pod gall midge is an important pest of soybean in Japan and is known to occur also in Indonesia and China. This gall midge is described from Japan as Asphondylia yushimaisp. n. and is clearly distinguished from its congeners by the arrangement of the lower frontal horns of the pupa and the sequence of the mtDNA COI region. It is concluded that Prunus zippeliana Miquel is a winter host of the soybean pod gall midge since haplotypes of the soybean pod gall midge coincide with those of the Prunus fruit gall midge that produces fruit galls on P. zippeliana. In addition, phenological and distributional information on the two gall midges and on their host plants supports the identification of the winter host. In Japan, the soybean pod gall midge overwinters as a first instar in the fruit galls on P. zippeliana and emerges as an adult from the galls in May. In summer and autumn, the soybean pod gall midge has two or more generations in the pods of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill or wild fabaceous and caesalpiniaceous plants. Thus host alternation by A. yushimai is confirmed. This is the second finding of host alternation by a species of Asphondylia, the first instance being that of Asphondylia gennadii (Marchal) in Cyprus.

scholarly journals First characterization of a taxonomically well‑resolved trophic network composed by host plants and gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the Neotropical region

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216134
Author(s):  
Walter Santos de Araújo ◽  
Valéria Cid Maia
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Trophic Network

In the present study we described the structure of a trophic network composed by gall-midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and their host plants in the Restinga of Barra de Maricá (Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Species data were retrieved from literature and different topological descriptors (links per species, connectance, and modularity of interactions) were used. All gall-midge species were monophages, with connectance of 2.8% of the 2,016 possible interactions. The network of host plants and gall midges had low number of links per species and high modularity, which indicates high specificity and specialization of plant-galling interactions in the area. This is the first characterization of a trophic network with good taxonomic resolution for the Neotropical gall midges.

Are Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) one species? Morphological and molecular evidences for synonymy between these two spider mite species and a note on invasiveness of T. macfarlanei on okra and eggplant in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mahran Zeity ◽  
Nagappa Srinivas ◽  
Chinnamade Channegowde Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Study of morphological characters of Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara revealed high similarity by comparing all the important characters in addition to the characters pointed out by Ehara to separate those two species. Molecular phylogeny of seven Indian populations of T. macfarlanei and one population of T. malaysiensis from Philippines along with few distantly related species of Tetranychus was attempted. High degree of similarity between these two species at mitochondrial COI gene (96%) as well as ITS2 (rDNA) (96–99%) region was evident. Based on both morphological features and molecular data, T. malaysiensis is proposed as a junior synonym of T. macfarlanei based on ICZN’s law of priority. Also more female characters are prompted in this study to distinctly discriminate T. macfarlanei from its most resembling species, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher. Tetranychus macfarlanei has emerged as a pest of several cultivated crop plants in India. 

Affinities of the Boletus chromapes group to Royoungia and the description of two new genera, Harrya and Australopilus

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy E. Halling ◽  
Mitchell Nuhn ◽  
Todd Osmundson ◽  
Nigel Fechner ◽  
James M. Trappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Spore Deposit ◽  
Large Subunit Rdna ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor 1Α

Harrya is described as a new genus of Boletaceae to accommodate Boletus chromapes, a pink-capped bolete with a finely scabrous stipe adorned with pink scabers, a chrome yellow base and a reddish-brown spore deposit. Phylogenetic analyses of large-subunit rDNA and translation elongation factor 1α confirmed Harrya as a unique generic lineage with two species, one of which is newly described (H. atriceps). Some Chinese taxa were recently placed in a separate genus, Zangia, supported by both morphology and molecular data. Multiple accessions from Queensland, Australia, support the synonymy of at least three species in a separate Australian clade in the new genus, Australopilus. The truffle-like Royoungia is also supported as a separate lineage in this clade of boletes. Even though it lacks stipe characters, it possesses the deep, bright yellow to orange pigments in the peridium. Additional collections from Zambia and Thailand represent independent lineages of uncertain phylogenetic placement in the Chromapes complex, but sampling is insufficient for formal description of new species. Specimens from Java referable to Tylopilus pernanus appear to be a sister group of the Harrya lineage.

Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Zhou ◽  
HONG-WEI ZHANG ◽  
JIANG-QIN HU ◽  
Xiao-Feng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Seed Testa

Sinalliaria is described here as a new genus of the family Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on the morphological characters and molecular sequences. Sinalliaria differs from the related genus Orychophragmus in having basal leaves petiolate, simple or rarely with 1‒3 lateral lobes (not pinnatisect); cauline leaves petiolate, cordate at base (not sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul at base); petals obovate to narrowly obovate, claw inconspicuous (not broadly obovate, with a claw as along as sepal); siliques truncate (not long-beaked) at apex. The microscopic characters of seed testa also show significant differences between Sinalliaria and Orychophragmus. Phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid region trnL-trnF indicates that Sinalliaria is a distinct group related to Orychophragmus and Raphanus, but these three genera do not form a clade. The new genus Sinalliaria is endemic to eastern China and has only one species and one variety. The new combinations, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. limprichtiana var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang are proposed here.

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