scholarly journals Effects of Different Exercise Interventions on Cardiac Autonomic Control and Secondary Health Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Bernhard Grässler ◽  
Beatrice Thielmann ◽  
Irina Böckelmann ◽  
Anita Hökelmann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to summarize the existing literature on the effects of different exercise interventions on cardiac autonomic control and secondary health factors. Resting heart rate variability (HRV) was used as indicator of cardiac autonomic control. Secondary factors were related to factors that contribute to cardiovascular health. Studies examining the effects of endurance, resistance, multimodal, or coordinative training interventions in healthy participants aged between 45 and 60 years old on average were considered. The methodological quality of the studies was examined using two assessment scales (TESTEX and STARDHRV). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020206606. The literature review retrieved eight studies fulfilling all inclusion criteria. Cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular health improved after endurance and multimodal interventions. Resistance training had no significant impact on HRV or any secondary health factor. Coordinative exercise interventions showed inconclusive results regarding HRV but showed significant improvements in secondary health factors. The quality assessment tools revealed some methodological and reporting deficits. Despite the small number of studies, we suggest endurance and multimodal interventions including aerobic exercises for the enhancement of cardiac autonomic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk in middle-aged adults. Further studies need to be conducted to examine the long-term effects of exercise in the midlife period.

scholarly journals Effects of different exercise interventions on heart rate variability and cardiovascular health factors in older adults: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Grässler ◽  
Beatrice Thielmann ◽  
Irina Böckelmann ◽  
Anita Hökelmann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Factors

Abstract Background Aging impairs physiological processes in the autonomic nervous, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems which are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Heart rate variability (HRV), the beat-to-beat variations of successive heartbeats, is an indicator of cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular health. Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. However, no review has been conducted to summarize the effects of different exercise modalities on HRV in older adults. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize the effects of endurance, resistance, coordinative, and multimodal exercise interventions on resting HRV and secondary health factors in healthy older adults aged 60 years in average and over. Methods Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library) were searched for eligible studies published between 2005 and September 8th, 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies for potential inclusion. Outcome measures were changes in resting HRV indices, baroreflex sensitivity, blood pressure, body fat, body mass, body mass index, cardiac output, distance in the six-minute walking test, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, and VO2 max or VO2 peak from pre to post intervention. The methodological quality of the final data set was assessed using two scales (TESTEX and STARDHRV). This review was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020206606. Results The literature search retrieved 3991 articles, of which 13 were included in the review. Five studies used multimodal, three studies endurance, two studies resistance, two studies coordinative, and one study used an endurance and a resistance training intervention. The majority of the studies revealed significant positive effects on cardiac autonomic control, except for the resistance training interventions. All exercise modalities improved secondary health factors. The methodological quality assessment revealed a few criteria to improve the quality of and comparability between studies. Conclusion This systematic review revealed beneficial effects on cardiac autonomic control in healthy older adults through endurance, coordinative, and multimodal training but not through resistance training. Secondary health factors improved after all types of physical interventions. Future investigations should more thoroughly adhere to methodological standards of exercise interventions and ECG recording for the assessment of autonomic regulation.

Acute Effect of a Single Session of Pilates on Blood Pressure and Cardiac Autonomic Control in Middle-Aged Adults With Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeferson Rocha ◽  
Felipe A. Cunha ◽  
Ricardo Cordeiro ◽  
Walace Monteiro ◽  
Linda S. Pescatello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Does resistance training modulate cardiac autonomic control? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Bhati ◽  
Jamal Ali Moiz ◽  
Geetha R. Menon ◽  
M. Ejaz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control

Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction in Korean Americans: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Cha-Nam Shin ◽  
Colleen Keller ◽  
Jeongha Sim ◽  
Eun-Ok Im ◽  
Michael Belyea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Korean Americans ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects

This systematic review was to identify and synthesize literature that described the cultural appropriateness and effectiveness of interventions aimed at cardiovascular risk reduction in Korean Americans. We searched multiple electronic databases for studies published between January 2000 and August 2017 and identified 14 eligible research reports. All reviewed studies targeted first-generation Korean American adults. Most of the reviewed studies incorporated components of surface structure, and leveraged deep structure in those interventions. Significant changes in cardiovascular health outcomes were reported in most of the reviewed studies; however, the role of cultural factors in the outcomes was rarely evaluated, and few reported long-term effects. Future research needs to consider long-term effects. Deploying cultural factors and evaluating their contributions to the target outcomes will enhance the research on cardiovascular health disparities.

The efficacy of electronic health interventions targeting improved sleep for achieving prevention of weight gain in adolescents and young to middle‐aged adults: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Allman‐Farinelli ◽  
Juliana Chen ◽  
Guillaume Chevance ◽  
Stephanie R. Partridge ◽  
Luke Gemming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Exercise interventions for patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review of recruitment, attrition, and exercise adherence rates

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-696
Author(s):  
G. Sheill ◽  
E. Guinan ◽  
L. Brady ◽  
D. Hevey ◽  
J. Hussey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Patient Reported

AbstractPurposePatients with advanced cancer can experience debilitating physical symptoms, making participation in exercise programs difficult. This systematic review investigated the recruitment, adherence, and attrition rates of patients with advanced cancer participating in exercise interventions and examined components of exercise programs that may affect these rates.MethodsRelevant studies were identified in a systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE to December 2017. Two quality assessment tools were used, and levels of evidence were assigned according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) guidelines.ResultsThe search identified 18 studies published between 2004 and 2017. Recruitment, adherence, and attrition rates varied widely among the studies reviewed. The mean recruitment rate was 49% (standard deviation [SD] = 17; range 15–74%). Patient-reported barriers to recruitment included time constraints and difficulties in traveling to exercise centers. Levels of adherence ranged from 44% to 95%; however, the definition of adherence varied substantially among trials. The average attrition rate was 24% (SD = 8; range 10–42%), with progression of disease status reported as the main cause for dropout during exercise interventions.Significance of resultsConcentrated efforts are needed to increase the numbers of patients with advanced disease recruited to exercise programs. Broadening the eligibility criteria for exercise interventions may improve accrual numbers of patients with advanced cancer to exercise trials and ensure patients recruited are representative of clinical practice.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Interventions to Improve Health Factors or Behaviors of the Cardiovascular Health of Prisoners During Incarceration

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R. M. Mohan ◽  
Patricia Thomson ◽  
Stephen J. Leslie ◽  
Elena Dimova ◽  
Sally Haw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Improve Health

The effect of physical activity on cognitive function after stroke: a systematic review

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby B. Cumming ◽  
Karen Tyedin ◽  
Leonid Churilov ◽  
Meg E. Morris ◽  
Julie Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Treatment Benefit ◽  
Exercise Interventions

ABSTRACTBackground: Research in both humans and animals indicates that physical activity can enhance cognitive activity, but whether this is true in patients with stroke is largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between increased physical activity after stroke and cognitive performance.Methods: A systematic review was conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and other electronic databases. All randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical studies that evaluated the effect of physical activity or exercise on cognitive function in stroke were included. Study quality was assessed using four criteria concerning sources of bias (use of randomization, allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessment, whether all patients were accounted for in outcome data).Results: The literature search (first run in 2008, updated in 2011) yielded 12 studies that satisfied inclusion criteria. Exercise interventions were heterogeneous; some studies compared different intensities of movement rehabilitation, others included a specific exercise program. Cognitive function was rarely the primary outcome measure, and cognitive assessment tools used were generally suboptimal. Nine studies had sufficient data to be included in a meta-analysis, which indicated a significant benefit of intervention over control (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04–0.36; z = 2.43, p = 0.015). Studies that met all four quality criteria reported smaller treatment benefit than studies that did not.Conclusions: There is some evidence that increased physical activity after stroke enhances cognitive performance. The pool of studies identified, however, was small and methodological shortcomings were widespread.

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