scholarly journals Intraoperative Hyperglycemia May Be Associated with an Increased Risk of Myocardial Injury after Non-Cardiac Surgery in Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5219
Author(s):  
Sojin Kim ◽  
Jungchan Park ◽  
Hara Kim ◽  
Kwangmo Yang ◽  
Jin-ho Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Hyperglycemia in surgical candidates is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative blood glucose level on the incidence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) in diabetic patients. Methods: Diabetic patients with available intraoperative blood glucose measurement during non-cardiac surgery were enrolled in this study. Based on the highest intraoperative blood glucose level, patients were stratified into two groups: the blood sugar glucose (BST) < 180 group (intraoperative peak glucose < 180 mg/dL) and BST ≥ 180 group (intraoperative peak glucose ≥ 180 mg/dL). The primary outcome was the incidence of MINS, and secondary outcomes were in-hospital and 30-day mortalities. Results: Of the 11,302 diabetic patients, 8337 were in the BST < 180 group (73.8%) and 2965 in the BST ≥ 180 group (26.2%). After adjustment with inverse probability weighting, MINS was significantly higher in the BST ≥ 180 group (24.0% vs. 17.2%; odds ratio (OR), 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14–1.40; p < 0.001). In addition, in-hospital and 30-day mortalities were also higher in the BST ≥ 180 group compared to the BST < 180 group (4.2% vs. 2.3%, hazard ratio (HR), 1.39; 95% CI, 1.07–1.81; p = 0.001, and 3.1% vs. 1.8%; HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31–2.36; p < 0.001, respectively). Receiver-operating characteristic plots showed that the threshold of glucose level associated with MINS was 149 mg/dL. Conclusion: Intraoperative hyperglycemia was associated with an increased MINS incidence and postoperative mortality in diabetic patients. Close monitoring of intraoperative blood glucose level may be helpful in detection and management of MINS.

scholarly journals Intraoperative Hyperglycemia May be Associated with an Increased Risk of Myocardial Injury After Non-Cardiac Surgery in Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sojin Kim ◽  
Jungchan Park ◽  
Kwangmo Yang ◽  
Jin-ho Choi ◽  
Kyunga Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Hyperglycemia in surgical candidates is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative blood glucose level on the incidence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) in diabetic patients.Methods: Diabetic patients with available intraoperative blood glucose measurement during non-cardiac surgery were enrolled in this study. Based on the highest intraoperative blood glucose level, patients were stratified into two groups; the normal group (intraoperative peak glucose < 180mg/dL) and the hyperglycemia group (intraoperative peak glucose ≥ 180mg/dL). The primary outcome was the incidence of MINS, and secondary outcomes were in-hospital and 30-day mortalities.Results: Of the 11,302 diabetic patients, 8,337 patients were in the normal group (73.8%), and 2,965 patients were in the hyperglycemia group (26.2%). After inverse probability weighting adjustment, MINS was significantly higher in the hyperglycemia group (24.0% vs 17.2%; odds ratio [OR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 – 1.40; p < 0.001). In addition, in-hospital and 30-day mortalities were also higher in the hyperglycemia group compared to the normal group (4.2% vs 2.3%, hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% CI, 1.07 - 1.81; p=0.01, and 3.1% vs 1.8%; HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31 - 2.36; p < 0.001, respectively). Receiver-operating characteristic plots showed that the threshold of glucose level related to MINS was 149mg/dL.Conclusion: Intraoperative hyperglycemia was associated with an increased MINS incidence and postoperative mortality in diabetic patients. Intraoperative blood glucose control may be helpful in preventing MINS.

scholarly journals 1062-48 Blood glucose level predicts severity of renal and myocardial injury in diabetic patients undergoing coronary interventions

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. A49
Author(s):  
Bryan J Robertson ◽  
Joseph A Gascho ◽  
Steven M Ettinger ◽  
Ian C Gilchrist ◽  
Mark Kozak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Coronary Interventions

scholarly journals Hypercoagulable State and Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients with Malignancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 4066-4068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Muhammad O. K. Syahputra ◽  
Almaycano Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Hypercoagulable State ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND: Diabetes and malignancy are two chronic diseases that have a major impact on the healthy population in developing countries, both contribute to the increase of morbidity and mortality of the patients. Diabetes presented with hyperglycemia due to insufficiency or resistance of insulin has been associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Malignancy or cancer is number two killer in the developing countries after infectious diseases, one of the most common cause of death in cancer despite the disease itself is thrombosis, which occurred frequently as cancer cause changes in tumor biology, abnormal vascularisation, endothelial dysfunction, activation of coagulation and inflammation. Poor glucose control reflects by HbA1C has a significant correlation with a hypercoagulable state. AIM: This study was to evaluate the relation between hypercoagulable state and glycemic control in diabetic patients with malignancy. METHODS: This is a case control study, eighty  samples diabetes (40 samples were diabetes with malignancy) were collected from private hospitals and clinics. HbA1c, blood glucose level and Ddimer were measured. RESULTS: The forty five percent of the blood glucose level of the samples was not well controlled.  Sixty five percent of the samples in this group were norm weight, overweight 20% and obese 10%. The Ddimer levels were elevated in both groups and there was a significant correlation between HbA1C and Ddimer (p-0.046), blood glucose and age (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Chronic hyperglycemia will increase the risk of hypercoagulable state, that will also increase the morbidity and mortality rate in diabetes with malignancy patients.

NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE ANALYSIS BASED ON GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850009 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Snekhalatha ◽  
T. Rajalakshmi ◽  
C. H. Vinitha Sri ◽  
G. Balachander ◽  
K. S. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Skin Resistance ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Response

Diabetes is a chronic disease due to the lack of production of hormone insulin by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. Many diabetic patients often draw a small amount of blood to measure the glucose level every day. This vital information is needed to control their daily food intake. One such method could cause infection and discomfort to the patient. Non-invasive glucose measurement techniques overcome these challenges to monitor blood glucose level continuously. The aim and objective of this study are as follows: (i) to correlate the skin resistance based on Galvanic skin response (GSR) and blood glucose level for diabetic and non-diabetic subject and (ii) to estimate the blood glucose value based on GSR voltage and resistance using stepwise linear regression model. About 50 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic subjects were included in this study. Blood glucose level is recorded using the minimally invasive device called accu-chek for all the subjects. GSR resistance and GSR voltage were recorded using the designed instrumentation setup. In diabetic subjects, the measured blood glucose level shows negative correlation with the GSR voltage ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and GSR resistance ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). The estimated blood glucose level can be predicted with good sensitivity (94%) and accuracy (92%) using age and GSR voltage, or by the combination of age and GSR resistance in the evaluation of diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy and Attachment-Based Compassion Therapy on Blood Glucose Level and Medication Adherence in Diabetics

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is one of the most rampant chronic diseases that is accompanied by numerous psychological problems. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) and attachment-based compassion therapy (ABCT) on blood glucose level and medication adherence in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest and posttest design. At first, using the available voluntary sampling method, a number of 45 individuals were selected from 300 diabetic patients referred to Alborz Diabetes Association, Alborz, Iran. They were randomly divided into two experimental and one control groups. At the outset, in addition to the hemoglobin (Hb) A1c blood test, they completed a medication adherence questionnaire. Afterward, the first experimental group participated in eight two-h sessions of the compassionate therapy training course, and the second experimental group participated in 10 90-min sessions of the ABCT training course. All three groups received standard treatment for diabetic patients. At the end of the treatment, the HbA1c levels of blood in all three groups were re-evaluated, and again all patients completed the medication adherence questionnaire at the post-test stage. It should be mentioned that the collected data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. Results: Based on the results, CFT and ABCT could reduce blood glucose level (HbA1c) (F=5.13, P<0.008, Eta= 0.20) and increase medication adherence (F=2.82, P<0.035, Eta= 0.12) in both of the experimental groups. Conclusion: The CFT and ABCT can be effective in improving medication adherence and blood glucose control (HbA1c) in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is suggested to provide such training together with other medical interventions as part of comprehensive therapy of diabetes.

scholarly journals Diabetes in COVID-19 patients: challenges and possible management strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyan Al Islam Reshad ◽  
Sumaiya Hafiz Riana ◽  
Mohammad Al-baruni Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Tayab Moin ◽  
Faruque Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Main Body ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
High Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Global Population

Abstract Background The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been causing intense stress among the global population. In the case of hospitalized and ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients with comorbidities, it has been observed that a major portion of them are diabetic. Therefore, researchers had indicated a link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and COVID-19. Furthermore, DM is a potential risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 cases. Thus, in this study, the correlation existing between diabetic patients and COVID-19 was summarized. Main body of the abstract Diabetic patients have a weaker immune system, less viral clearance rate, malfunctions of metabolic activity due to their high blood glucose level, and other associated problems. This does not increase the susceptibility for the patients to be infected with COVID-19. However, the severity of COVID-19 can worsen due to the comorbidity of DM. Short conclusion Proper management, appropriate use of drugs that do not increase the ACE2 expression, lowering blood glucose level, decreasing the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle could be effective.

scholarly journals Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I. Iwanegbe ◽  
M. Suleiman ◽  
A. Jimah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

Evaluation of Blood Glucose Level Using Gingival Crevicular Blood in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients

2022 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
RT Reethika Rathan ◽  
Saramma Mathew Fenn ◽  
R Karthik ◽  
PT Ravikumar ◽  
Sabitha Gokulraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Higher Order Sliding Mode Control for Blood Glucose Regulation of Type 1 Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounir Djouima ◽  
Ahmad Taher Azar ◽  
Saïd Drid ◽  
Driss Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mode Control

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatment depends on the delivery of exogenous insulin to obtain near normal glucose levels. This article proposes a method for blood glucose level regulation in type 1 diabetics. The control strategy is based on comparing the first order sliding mode control (FOSMC) with a higher order SMC based on the super twisting control algorithm. The higher order sliding mode is used to overcome chattering, which can induce some undesirable and harmful phenomena for human health. In order to test the controller in silico experiments, Bergman's minimal model is used for studying the dynamic behavior of the glucose and insulin inside human body. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness and the good performance of this control technique. The obtained results clearly reveal improved performance of the proposed higher order SMC in regulating the blood glucose level within the normal glycemic range in terms of accuracy and robustness.

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