scholarly journals Improvement of Insight with Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Martin Blay ◽  
Ondine Adam ◽  
Rémy Bation ◽  
Filipe Galvao ◽  
Jérôme Brunelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Patients with schizophrenia are often unaware of their condition and the consequences of their illness. This lack of insight results in impaired functioning, treatment non-adherence and poor prognosis. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on two forms of insight, clinical and cognitive, in patients with schizophrenia. We conducted a systematic review of the literature registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020220323) according to PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was conducted in Medline and Web of Science databases based on studies published up until October 2020 that included pre-NIBS and post-NIBS measurements of clinical and/or cognitive insight in adults with schizophrenia. A total of 14 studies were finally included, and their methodological quality was assessed by using the QualSyst tool. Despite the lack of well-conducted large randomized-controlled studies using insight as the primary outcome, the available findings provide preliminary evidence that NIBS can improve clinical insight in patients with schizophrenia, with a majority of studies using transcranial direct current stimulation with a left frontotemporal montage. Further studies should investigate the effect of NIBS on insight as a primary outcome and how these effects on insight could translate into clinical and functional benefits in patients with schizophrenia.

Non-invasive brain stimulation modalities for the treatment and prevention of opioid use disorder: a systematic review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Young ◽  
Shayan A. Smani ◽  
Nicholas A. Mischel ◽  
Michael D. Kritzer ◽  
Lawrence G. Appelbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

scholarly journals Effects of auriculotherapy in the treatment of nausea and vomiting: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaly Bianka Moraes Fróes ◽  
Francisca Ariane de Souza Arrais ◽  
Priscila de Souza Aquino ◽  
Juliana Cunha Maia ◽  
Marianne Maia Dutra Balsells
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Different Populations

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the effectiveness of auriculotherapy in the treatment of nausea and vomiting through a systematic review of the scientific literature. Methods: it was performed a systematic review of the literature making use of the following data basis: The Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Web of Science, LILACS and Cochrane databases were used. Articles from complete research from randomized controlled clinical trials that describe using auriculotherapy in nausea and vomiting treatment were selected, without restriction of date or language. Results: eleven articles were selected for analysis. The majority approached the population in surgical situations, followed by patients undergoing chemotherapy and pregnant women. As for results, 81% (n=8) of the articles reported that nausea and vomiting were lower in incidence and/or intensity in the intervention group. Conclusions: the review provided relevant data on the effects of auriculotherapy in nausea and vomiting treatment, with a decrease in the intensity and frequency of these symptoms in different populations.

scholarly journals Virtual reality biofeedback interventions for treating anxiety

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswald D. Kothgassner ◽  
Andreas Goreis ◽  
Ines Bauda ◽  
Amelie Ziegenaus ◽  
Lisa M. Glenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Summary Background Virtual reality (VR)-based biofeedback is a relatively new intervention and is increasingly being used for the treatment of anxiety disorders. This is the first research synthesis regarding effects and efficacy of this novel mode of treatment. Method We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the VR biofeedback literature on treating anxiety symptoms. The MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible pre-post comparisons and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used self-reported anxiety, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) as primary outcome measures. Results A total of 7 studies with 191 participants reported VR biofeedback interventions. Of these studies 5 were RCTs, with 103 participants receiving VR biofeedback and 99 control participants (either 2D biofeedback or waiting list controls). We found that VR biofeedback significantly lowers self-reported anxiety (g = −0.28) and HR (g = −0.45), but not HRV. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in outcomes between VR biofeedback and 2D biofeedback but a significant reduction in HR in the VR biofeedback group compared with the waiting list (g = −0.52). Conclusion While the first findings are optimistic, more controlled studies with a wider variety of samples are needed to bring this field forward. Particularly, children and adolescents may profit from the combination of gamification elements, VR, and biofeedback.

Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Harms in Low and Middle Income Countries: a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Brief Motivational Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BackgroundHarmful alcohol use leads to a large burden of disease and disability which disportionately impacts LMICs. The World Health Organization and the Lancet have issued calls for this burden to be addressed, but issues remain, primarily due to gaps in information. While a variety of interventions have been shown to be effective at reducing alcohol use in HICs, their efficacy in LMICs have yet to be assessed. This systematic review describes the current published literature on alcohol interventions in LMICs and conducts a meta analysis of clinical trials evaluating interventions to reduce alcohol use and harms in LMICs.MethodsIn accordance with PRISMA guidelines we searched the electronic databases Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus,Web of Science, Cochrane, and Psych Info. Articles were eligible if they evaluated an intervention targeting alcohol-related harm in LMICs. After a reference and citation analysis, we conducted a quality assessment per PRISMA protocol. A meta-analysis was performed on the 39 randomized controlled trials that evaluated an alcohol-related outcome.ResultsOf the 3,801 articles from the literature search, 87 articles from 25 LMICs fit the eligibility and inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 39 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Nine of these studies focused specifically on medication, while the others focused on brief motivational intervention, brain stimulation, AUDIT-based brief interventions, WHO ASSIST-based interventions, group based education, basic screening and interventions, brief psychological or counseling, dyadic relapse prevention, group counseling, CBT, motivational + PTSD based interview, and health promotion/awareness. Conclusion Issues in determining feasible options specific to LMICs arise from unstandardized interventions, unequal geographic distribution of intervention implementation, and uncertain effectiveness over time. Current research shows that brain stimulation, psychotherapy, and brief motivational interviews have the potential to be effective in LMIC settings, but further feasibility testing and efforts to standardize results are necessary to accurately assess their effectiveness.

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