scholarly journals Vital and Nonvital Pulp Therapy in Primary Dentition: An Umbrella Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Luísa Bandeira Lopes ◽  
Catarina Calvão ◽  
Filipa Salema Vieira ◽  
João Albernaz Neves ◽  
José João Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Vital Pulp Therapy ◽  
Electronic Database Search ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Dental caries is the most common non-communicable disease in children with significant aesthetic, functional, and quality of life deterioration. Depending on the depth, two approaches may be considered in primary dentition: vital pulp therapy (VPT) or non-vital therapy (NPT). This umbrella review aimed to critically assess the available systematic reviews (SRs) on VPT and NPT. An electronic database search was conducted (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and LILACS) until June 2021. The Risk of Bias (RoB) of SRs was analyzed using the Measurement Tool to Assess SRs criteria 2 (AMSTAR2). From 272 entries, 33 SRs were included. Regarding the methodological quality, three studies were critically low, nine low, seventeen moderate, and six were rated as high quality. The quality of evidence produced by the available SRs was moderate. Future high standard SRs and well-designed clinical trials are warranted to better elucidate the clinical protocols and outcomes of VPT and NPT.

scholarly journals Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: An Umbrella Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Luísa Bandeira Lopes ◽  
João Albernaz Neves ◽  
João Botelho ◽  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
José João Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Electronic Database Search ◽  
Specific Section

The Regenerative Endodontic Procedure (REP) is a biologically based method in which a damaged pulp–dentin complex is replaced by a new vital tissue. This umbrella review aimed to critically assess the available systematic reviews (SRs) on REP. An electronic database search was conducted (PubMed-Medline, CENTRAL, Scielo, Web of Science, and LILACS) until December 2020. Studies were included if they were an SR on REP. The Risk of Bias (RoB) of SRs was analyzed using the Measurement Tool to Assess SRs criteria 2 (AMSTAR2). The primary outcome was the methodological quality in each specific section of REP protocols and outcomes. From 403 entries, 29 SRs were included. Regarding the methodological quality, ten studies were of critically low, three of low, fourteen of moderate, and two were rated as high quality. The quality of evidence produced by the available SRs was not favorable. Future high standard SRs and well-designed clinical trials are warranted to better elucidate the clinical protocols and outcomes of REP.

scholarly journals Efficacy of perioperative immunonutrition in visceral surgery: an umbrella review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e053851
Author(s):  
Karem Slim ◽  
Flora Badon ◽  
Charles-Hervé Vacheron ◽  
Chadli Dziri ◽  
Thomas Marquillier
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Visceral Surgery ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionImmunonutrition (IN) is generally used before major visceral surgery with the intent to reduce postoperative complications, especially infectious ones. However, the conclusions of published meta-analyses are conflicting. The purpose of this review is to synthesise the data of published systematic reviews on the effectiveness of IN.Methods and analysisThis protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocols guidelines. This is an umbrella review of systematic reviews comparing IN (delivered orally 5–7 days preoperatively) with normal diet or isocaloric isonitrogenous feeding before visceral surgery performed on any of several viscera (colorectum, stomach, pancreas, liver, oesophagus). We search the systematic reviews included in the main bibliographic databases. To assess the efficacy of IN, several outcomes will be considered: the main outcome is infectious complications (surgical site infections, pulmonary infections or urinary infections) and secondary outcomes are overall morbidity, hospital length of stay and mortality. Identified reviews will be screened by two independent assessors. The methodological quality of relevant included reviews will be assessed using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) instrument. The data extracted from included reviews will be synthesised using the r-Metafor package considering separate groups according to the viscus of interest. Publication bias will be evaluated, and subgroup analyses will be performed according to the quality of studies and preoperative nutritional status.Ethics and disseminationAn umbrella review based on published data from systematic reviews needs no ethical approval. Furthermore, no patient will be involved in the review. Once terminated, the review will be submitted for publication in an open access journal to ensure wide dissemination of the findings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021255177.

scholarly journals The Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Food Quality in West of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahin Amini ◽  
farid najafi ◽  
yahya pasdar ◽  
mehnoosh samadi ◽  
ali kazemi karyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract BackgroundSocio-economic status affects many health-related outcomes and one of the most important factors is the pattern and quality of nutrition. Thus, this study is carried out to investigate the effect of socio-economic status on the quality of nutrition based on healthy Eating Index (HEI).MethodsThis is a population-based study using the baseline data from Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease cohort study. HEI calculated from Food Frequency Questionnaire. The quality of nutrition was assessed based on HEI-2015 which evaluates 13 food groups.ResultsThe mean of age of the participants was 48.02 (SD = ±8.27) years. The median and mean of HEI in the studied population were 53 and 53.69 (SD = ±7.34), respectively. Women, the educated, city dwellers, people of higher socioeconomic classes, and non-smokers had greater odds of having higher quality of nutrition. The worst score among all components of HEI were for the refined grains and then the whole grain, and the highest score was obtained for the tatal protein foods. ConclusionsDue to low nutritional quality and its adverse effects, especially in people with low socioeconomic status and villagers, the quality of nutrition, especially in the poor, should be promoted with proper interventions so as to reduce disparity in the society.

scholarly journals Application of Laser Irradiation for Restorative Treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 636-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Davoudi ◽  
Maryam Sanei ◽  
Hamid Badrian
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Restorative Dentistry ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Fibrous Matrix ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Vital Pulp Therapy ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
Laser Devices

Nowadays, lasers are widely used in many fields of medicine. Also, they can be applied at many branches of dental practice such as diagnosis, preventive procedures, restorative treatments, and endodontic therapies. Procedures like caries removal, re-mineralization, and vital pulp therapy are the most noticeable effects of laser irradiation which has gained much attention among clinicians. With controlled and appropriate wavelength, they can help stimulating dentinogenesis, controlling pulpal hemorrhage, sterilization, healing of collagenic proteins, formation of a fibrous matrix, and inducing hard tissue barrier. Nevertheless, there are many controversies in literatures regarding their effects on the quality of bonded restorations. It hampered a wide application of lasers in some aspects of restorative dentistry and requirements to identify the best way to use this technology. The aim of this mini review is to explain special characteristics of laser therapy and to introduce the possible applications of laser devices for dental purposes.

scholarly journals Evidence-based umbrella review of cognitive effects of prefrontal tDCS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis C Farhat ◽  
Andre F Carvalho ◽  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Andre R Brunoni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, which has been increasingly used as an investigational tool in neuroscience. In social and affective neuroscience research, the prefrontal cortex has been primarily targeted, since this brain region is critically involved in complex psychobiological processes subserving both ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ domains. Although several studies have suggested that prefrontal tDCS can enhance neuropsychological outcomes, meta-analyses have reported conflicting results. Therefore, we aimed to assess the available evidence by performing an umbrella review of meta-analyses. We evaluated the effects of prefrontal active vs sham tDCS on different domains of cognition among healthy and neuropsychiatric individuals. A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 was employed to evaluate the quality of meta-analyses, and the GRADE system was employed to grade the quality of evidence of every comparison from each meta-analysis. PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched, and 11 meta-analyses were included resulting in 55 comparisons. Only 16 comparisons reported significant effects favoring tDCS, but 13 of them had either very low or low quality of evidence. Of the remaining 39 comparisons which reported non-significant effects, 38 had either very low or low quality of evidence. Meta-analyses were rated as having critically low and low quality. Among several reasons to explain these findings, the lack of consensus and reproducibility in tDCS research is discussed.

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