scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy and Detection Rate of Glaucoma Screening with Optic Disk Photos, Optical Coherence Tomography Images, and Telemedicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Alfonso Anton ◽  
Karen Nolivos ◽  
Marta Pazos ◽  
Gianluca Fatti ◽  
Miriam Eleonora Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Predictive Values

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinography in the detection of glaucoma through a telemedicine program. Methods: A population-based sample of 4113 persons was randomly selected. The screening examination included a fundus photograph and OCT images. Images were evaluated on a deferred basis. All participants were then invited to a complete glaucoma examination, including gonioscopy, visual field, and dilated fundus examination. The detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results: We screened 1006 persons. Of these, 201 (19.9%) were classified as glaucoma suspects; 20.4% were identified only by retinographs, 11.9% only by OCT images, and 46.3% by both. On ophthalmic examination at the hospital (n = 481), confirmed glaucoma was found in 58 (12.1%), probable glaucoma in 76 (15.8%), and ocular hypertension in 10 (2.1%), and no evidence of glaucoma was found in 337 (70.0%). The detection rate for confirmed or probable glaucoma was 9.2%. Sensitivity ranged from 69.4% to 86.2% and specificity from 82.1% to 97.4%, depending on the definition applied. Conclusions: The combination of OCT images and fundus photographs yielded a detection rate of 9.2% in a population-based screening program with moderate sensitivity, high specificity, and predictive values of 84–96%.

scholarly journals Combined Coronary CT Angiography With Plain Scan for Diagnosis of Ruptured Plaque: Comparison With Optical Coherence Tomography 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-qian Wang ◽  
Hai-xia Zhang ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
You-sheng Yuan ◽  
Ya-na Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cavity Depth ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Coronary Ct

Abstract Purpose: To explore the diagnostic efficacy of CCTA + plain scan for ruptured plaques with optical coherence tomography (OCT) as the reference, and to preliminarily analyze the influential factors. Methods: Patients who underwent CCTA and OCT were retrospectively enrolled. Signs of ruptured plaque (plaque ulcer or intra-plaque dye penetration) and other plaque measurements on CCTA were recorded and compared with plain scans (calcification scoring scan) to differentiate calcifications from rupture signs. By OCT, presence of ruptured plaque was determined. Total 65 patients with 71 plaques were included. Results: There were 40 OCT-confirmed ruptured plaques in 38 patients and 31 OCT-confirmed non-ruptured plaques in 27 patients. CCTA+ plain scan identified 27 ruptured plaques in 27 patients and 28 non-ruptured plaques in 24 patients. With OCT as the gold standard, the per-patient sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of CCTA + plain scan for diagnosing ruptured plaque were 71%, 89%, 90%, 69%, and 78%, and there was good agreement (Kappa=0.70) between CCTA + plain scan and OCT. Among 13 false negative ruptured plaques, 2 had calcifications close to the rupture, and the cavity depth in the remaining 11 was 0.46 ±0.17 mm, vs. 0.98±0.26 mm in 27 true positive ruptured plaques (P<0.01).Conclusion: CCTA + plain scan has high specificity and positive predictive value in diagnosing ruptured plaque with medium sensitivity and negative predictive value. The cavity depth of ruptured plaques and calcifications at the rupture site may be the main influential factors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the role of fundus fluorescein angiography and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in choroidal neo-vascularization: a hospital-based study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Singh ◽  
Reyaz Ahmed Untoo ◽  
Ourfa Ashraf Wani ◽  
Wasim Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Spectral Domain ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Sd Oct

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the role of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in choroidal neo-vascularisation (CNV).Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study carried out in the post-graduate department of ophthalmology, SKIMS medical college, Bemina, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. All patients diagnosed with CNV fulfilling the criteria during the study period w.e.f. October 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled. Visual acuity and pinhole test using Snellen’s chart for literate and E chart for illiterate patient, slit lamp biomicroscope for anterior segment examination, ophthalmoscopy, including stereoscopic examination of the posterior pole, 90D examination of the fundus, Intra-ocular pressure measurement, FFA and SD-OCT was done in these patients.Results: Diagnostic accuracy of OCT was observed with a sensitivity 79.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 67.3-90.7), specificity 84.3% (95% CI: 74.5-92.9), positive and negative predictive values 78.7% and 85.4%, respectively, (95% CI: 65.5-95.6) and (74.8-93.4) and diagnostic accuracy of FFA was observed with a sensitivity 81.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 70.6-93.5), specificity 82.31% (95% CI: 71.9-89.3), positive and negative predictive values 79.9% and 83.7%, respectively, (95% CI: 68.8-92.9) and (70.3-91.2).Conclusions: FFA is the gold standard procedure for screening ARMD and detection of dry ARMD, but OCT is more specific diagnostic tool in detecting early subretinal neovascular membrane and also to assess the extent, location and activity of the neovascular membranes. This study concludes that SDOCT is highly sensitive for identifying AMD, CNV, and CNV activity and due to its non-invasive nature with no adverse effects and less time consuming can be used as 1st line of diagnostic modality and FFA be reserved for cases where SD-OCT is not helpful.

scholarly journals Use of Antiplatelet Agents Decreases the Positive Predictive Value of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer but Does Not Affect Their Sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Yoonsuk Jung ◽  
Eui Im ◽  
Jinhee Lee ◽  
Hyeah Lee ◽  
Changmo Moon
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Antithrombotic Agents ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

Previous studies have evaluated the effects of antithrombotic agents on the performance of fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the results were inconsistent and based on small sample sizes. We studied this topic using a large-scale population-based database. Using the Korean National Cancer Screening Program Database, we compared the performance of FITs for CRC detection between users and non-users of antiplatelet agents and warfarin. Non-users were matched according to age and sex. Among 5,426,469 eligible participants, 768,733 used antiplatelet agents (mono/dual/triple therapy, n = 701,683/63,211/3839), and 19,569 used warfarin, while 4,638,167 were non-users. Among antiplatelet agents, aspirin, clopidogrel, and cilostazol ranked first, second, and third, respectively, in terms of prescription rates. Users of antiplatelet agents (3.62% vs. 4.45%; relative risk (RR): 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–0.88), aspirin (3.66% vs. 4.13%; RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83–0.97), and clopidogrel (3.48% vs. 4.88%; RR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61–0.86) had lower positive predictive values (PPVs) for CRC detection than non-users. However, there were no significant differences in PPV between cilostazol vs. non-users and warfarin users vs. non-users. For PPV, the RR (users vs. non-users) for antiplatelet monotherapy was 0.86, while the RRs for dual and triple antiplatelet therapies (excluding cilostazol) were 0.67 and 0.22, respectively. For all antithrombotic agents, the sensitivity for CRC detection was not different between users and non-users. Use of antiplatelet agents, except cilostazol, may increase the false positives without improving the sensitivity of FITs for CRC detection.

scholarly journals 3D imaging of proximal caries in posterior teeth using optical coherence tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Shimada ◽  
Michael F. Burrow ◽  
Kazuyuki Araki ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Keiichi Hosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can create cross-sectional images of tooth without X-ray exposure. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 3D imaging of OCT for proximal caries in posterior teeth. Thirty-six human molar teeth with 51 proximal surfaces visibly 6 intact, 16 slightly demineralized, and 29 distinct carious changes were mounted to take digital radiographs and 3D OCT images. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of enamel caries and dentin caries were calculated to quantify the diagnostic ability of 3D OCT in comparison with digital radiography. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by the agreement with histology using weighted Kappa. OCT showed significantly higher sensitivity, AUC and Kappa values than radiography. OCT can be a safer option for the diagnosis of proximal caries in posterior teeth that can be applied to the patients without X-ray exposure.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Better understand Glaucoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Holló
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Macular Diseases ◽  
Noninvasive Assessment ◽  
Peripapillary Retina

ABSTRACT The term optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) comprises different OCT-based technologies which all allow noninvasive assessment of retinal perfusion, based on moving red blood cells. The main areas where OCTA is currently used are investigation of perfusion and vascular structure of the macular retina (e.g., in macular degenerations and diabetic macular diseases) and the disk and peripapillary retina (in glaucoma and other optic disk diseases). The current editorial provides a brief overview on the potential of OCTA and its use to measure perfusion in the peripapillary retina in glaucoma. How to cite this article Holló G. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Better understand Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):35-37.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document