Recent Advances in the Study of Marine Microbial Biofilm: From the Involvement of Quorum Sensing in Its Production up to Biotechnological Application of the Polysaccharide Fractions

Biofilm formation in healthcare is an issue of considerable concern, as it results in increased morbidity and mortality, imposing a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Biofilms are highly resistant to conventional antimicrobial therapies and lead to persistent infections. Hence, there is a high demand for novel strategies other than conventional antibiotic therapies to control biofilm-based infections. There are two approaches which have been employed so far to control biofilm formation in healthcare settings: one is the development of biofilm inhibitors based on the understanding of the molecular mechanism of biofilm formation, and the other is to modify the biomaterials which are used in medical devices to prevent biofilm formation. This review will focus on the recent advances in anti-biofilm approaches by interrupting the quorum-sensing cellular communication system and the multidrug efflux pumps which play an important role in biofilm formation. Research efforts directed towards these promising strategies could eventually lead to the development of better anti-biofilm therapies than the conventional treatments.

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Microbial biofilm ecology, in silico study of quorum sensing receptor-ligand interactions and biofilm mediated bioremediation

Archives of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00203-020-02012-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Biji Balan ◽

Amit S. Dhaulaniya ◽

Diksha A. Varma ◽

Kushneet K. Sodhi ◽

Mohit Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quorum Sensing ◽

In Silico ◽

Receptor Ligand ◽

Microbial Biofilm ◽

In Silico Study ◽

Ligand Interactions

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Recent Advances in Ligand and Structure Based Screening of Potent Quorum Sensing Inhibitors Against Antibiotic Resistance Induced Bacterial Virulence

Recent Patents on Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1872208310666160728104450 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 195-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sisir Nandi

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Bacterial Virulence ◽

Quorum Sensing Inhibitors ◽

Recent Advances

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Surface-Growing Communities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exhibit Distinct Alkyl Quinolone Signatures

Microbiology Insights ◽

10.1177/1178636118817738 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 117863611881773 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nydia Morales-Soto ◽

Tianyuan Cao ◽

Nameera F Baig ◽

Kristen M Kramer ◽

Paul W Bohn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Raman Microscopy ◽

Confocal Raman Microscopy ◽

Interspecies Competition ◽

Microbial Biofilm ◽

Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal ◽

Confocal Raman ◽

Spatial Identification

A cascade of events leads to the development of microbial biofilm communities that are thought to be responsible for over 80% of infections in humans. However, not all surface-growing bacteria reside in a stationary biofilm state. Here, we have employed confocal Raman microscopy to analyze and compare variations in the alkyl quinolone (AQ) family of molecules during the transition between surface-attached motile-swarming and stationary biofilm communities. The AQs have been established previously as important to Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, interspecies competition, and virulence. The AQ Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is also a known quorum-sensing signal. We detail spatial identification of AQ, PQS, and 2-alkyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (AQNO) metabolites in both swarm and biofilm communities. We find that AQNO metabolites are abundant signatures in active swarming communities.

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