scholarly journals Potential Impact of Statins on Neuronal Stress Responses in Patients at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Flavia Diggelmann ◽  
Susan Bengs ◽  
Ahmed Haider ◽  
Gioia Epprecht ◽  
Anna Luisa Beeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Neuronal Stress

Background: Recent studies indicate that enhanced neuronal stress responses are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. A chronic inflammatory state seems to mediate this detrimental neuro-cardiac communication. Statins are among the most widely prescribed medications in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and not only lower lipid levels but also exhibit strong anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. We therefore sought to investigate the influence of statins on neuronal stress responses in a patient cohort at risk for CVD. Methods: 563 patients (61.5 ± 14.0 years) who underwent echocardiography and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) were retrospectively identified. Metabolic activity of the amygdala, a part of the brain’s salience network, was quantified by 18F-FDG uptake, while normal cardiac morphology and function were assured by echocardiography. Vertebral bone marrow metabolism, a marker of inflammatory activity, was measured by 18F-FDG PET. Results: Increased neuronal stress responses were associated with an increased inflammatory activity in the bone marrow (r = 0.152, p = 0.015) as well as with a subclinical reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, r = −0.138, p = 0.025). In a fully-adjusted linear regression model, statin treatment was identified as an independent, negative predictor of amygdalar metabolic activity (B-coefficient −0.171, p = 0.043). Conclusions: Our hypothesis-generating investigation suggests a potential link between the anti-inflammatory actions of statins and reduced neuronal stress responses which could lead to improved cardiovascular outcomes. The latter warrants further studies in a larger and prospective population.

scholarly journals Age- and sex-dependent changes of resting amygdalar activity in individuals free of clinical cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Haider ◽  
Susan Bengs ◽  
Flavia Diggelmann ◽  
Gioia Epprecht ◽  
Dominik Etter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies ◽  
Neuronal Stress ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Purpose Amygdalar metabolic activity was shown to independently predict cardiovascular outcomes. However, little is known about age- and sex-dependent variability in neuronal stress responses among individuals free of cardiac disease. This study sought to assess age- and sex-specific differences of resting amygdalar metabolic activity in the absence of clinical cardiovascular disease. Methods Amygdalar metabolic activity was assessed in 563 patients who underwent multimodality imaging by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography and echocardiography for the evaluation of cardiac function. Results After exclusion of 294 patients with structural or functional cardiovascular pathologies, 269 patients (128 women) remained in the final population. 18F-FDG amygdalar activity significantly decreased with age in men (r = − 0.278, P = 0.001), but not in women (r = 0.002, P = 0.983). Similarly, dichotomous analysis confirmed a lower amygdalar activity in men ≥ 50 years as compared to those < 50 years of age (0.79 ± 0.1 vs. 0.84 ± 0.1, P = 0.007), which was not observed in women (0.81 ± 0.1 vs. 0.82 ± 0.1, P = 0.549). Accordingly, a fully adjusted linear regression analysis identified age as an independent predictor of amygdalar activity only in men (B-coefficient − 0.278, P = 0.001). Conclusion Amygdalar activity decreases with age in men, but not in women. The use of amygdalar activity for cardiovascular risk stratification merits consideration of inherent age- and sex-dependent variability.

Metabolic activity of visceral fat and immune-related organs evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with the metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pahk ◽  
H.W Kwon ◽  
J.S Eo ◽  
H.S Seo ◽  
S Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Background The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is elevated in metabolic syndrome (MS) and is related to the inflammatory activity of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). We investigated whether the metabolic activity in VAT, assessed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), is associated with systemic inflammatory status, and related to the number of MS components. Methods 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed in a total of 203 subjects: 59 without an MS component; M(0), 92 with one or two MS components; M(1–2), and 52 with MS. Metabolic activity of VAT was evaluated using the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and the maximum SUV (SUVmax). Metabolic activities of immune-related organs such as spleen and bone marrow (BM) were evaluated using the SUVmax. Results VAT SUVmax correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the SUVmax of spleen and BM, which reflect the status of systemic inflammation. Both hsCRP and the SUVmax of the spleen and BM were higher in the MS group than in the M(1–2) or M(0) groups. In VAT, SUVmax increased with increasing number of MS components, while SUVmean decreased. Conclusions The SUVmax of VAT assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT could reflect the inflammatory activity of VAT which is increased in the MS patients with systemic inflammation. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Kristine Stromsnes ◽  
Angela G. Correas ◽  
Jenny Lehmann ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is a physiological process involved in the defenses of the body and the repair of tissues. It is acutely activated by infections, trauma, toxins, or allergic reactions. However, if it becomes chronic, inflammation can end up stimulating the development of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, neurological disease, or cancer. Additionally, during aging, inflammation becomes increasingly more chronic. Furthermore, we found that certain foods, such as saturated fats, have pro-inflammatory activity. Taking this into account, in this review we have discussed different diets with possible anti-inflammatory activity, the commonly ingested components of each diet and their active compounds. In addition, we have proposed some dietary guidelines, as well as a list of compounds present in foods with anti-inflammatory activity, outlining how to combine them to achieve optimal anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we can conclude that the compounds in our diet with anti-inflammatory activity could help alleviate the inflammatory processes derived from diseases and unhealthy diets, and thereby promote healthy aging.

scholarly journals COX-2 expression in fibroblast aggregates as a functional indicator for the anti-inflammatory activity of leukemia patients’ bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells

Neoplasma ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (05) ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. EGYUDOVA ◽  
M. FAJTOVA ◽  
A. CIZMAR ◽  
M. KORHONEN ◽  
J. GYARFAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Anti-inflammatory Activity ofCarpinus tschonoskiiLeaves Extract in R848-stimulated Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages and Dendritic Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ha Kang ◽  
Jung-Eun Koo ◽  
Hye-Jin Hong ◽  
Vivek Bhakta Mathema ◽  
Young-Sang Koh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals 18f-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for Assessment of Bone Marrow Metabolism in Patients with Myelofibrosis

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1866-1866
Author(s):  
Thorsten Derlin ◽  
Haefaa Alchalby ◽  
Peter Bannas ◽  
Simon Veldhoen ◽  
Guntram Büsche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Marrow Space ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Glucose Analogue

Abstract Introduction Myelofibrosis is a hematopoetic stem cell neoplasm characterized by bone marrow inflammation, reactive marrow fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Myelofibrosis is associated with a chronic inflammatory state, including, but not limited to the bone marrow space. Chronic inflammation is triggering the initiation of fibrogenesis, and bone marrow fibrosis is a hallmark of terminal phase myelofibrosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using the glucose analogue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is widely used for imaging of both inflammatory and malignant processes due to increased glucose consumption in inflammatory and neoplastic cells. A noninvasive method to visualize and quantify the extent of active myelofibrosis would be highly desirable, e.g. for therapy monitoring studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess if 18F-FDG PET/CT provides noninvasive insights into the metabolic implications of the disease. Methods In 30 patients, the biodistribution of the glucose analogue 18F-FDG was analyzed 60 min after intravenous injection of 350 MBq of 18F-FDG. The extent of bone marrow involvement was graded using a four-point scale. Bone marrow metabolism was quantified by measuring the mean and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) in the bone marrow space. Imaging findings were compared with laboratory, cytogenetic and histopathological data. Results Retention of 18F-FDG was observed in bone marrow and spleen. Bone marrow involvement varied, and 4 different patterns could be found. Ten (33.3%) of the 30 patients showed only mildly increased 18F-FDG uptake in the central skeleton and the proximal extremities (PET grade 1). Three (10%) patients showed markedly increased tracer uptake in the central skeleton and the proximal extremities extending into the distal half of the femoral bone (PET grade 2). In 8 (26.7%) patients, increased tracer uptake in the central skeleton and the extremities extending into the tibial bone was found (PET grade 3). Nine (30.0%) patients demonstrated increased 18F-FDG uptake in the central skeleton and the extremities extending into the small bones of the feet (PET grade 4). Extent of bone marrow involvement (PET grade) decreased over time from initial diagnosis (rs = -0.43, p = 0.019). Metabolic activity of the bone marrow decreased as the histopathological grade of fibrosis increased (rs = -0.37, p = 0.04) and as splenic volume increased (rs = -0.40, p = 0.03). There was a significant positive correlation between the metabolic activity of the bone marrow and splenic metabolic activity (p = 0.04), indicating that splenic uptake is parainflammatory. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT emerges as a promising technique for visualization and quantitation of bone marrow metabolism in myelofibrosis. We conclude that the increased bone marrow metabolism mainly reflects inflammatory activity within the bone marrow space. Further evaluation in prospective studies is required to determine the potential clinical impact and prognostic significance of PET. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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