Sea-Buckthorn Seed Oil Induces Proliferation of both Normal and Dysplastic Keratinocytes in Basal Conditions and under UVA Irradiation

Past decades demonstrate an increasing interest in herbal remedies in the public eye, with as many as 80% of people worldwide using these remedies as healthcare products, including those for skin health. Sea buckthorn and its derived products (oil; alcoholic extracts), rich in flavonoids and essential fatty acids, are among these healthcare products. Specifically, sea buckthorn and its derivatives are reported to have antioxidant and antitumor activity in dysplastic skin cells. On the other hand, evidence suggests that the alteration of lipid metabolism is related to increased malignant behavior. Given the paradoxical involvement of lipids in health and disease, we investigated how sea-buckthorn seed oil, rich in long-chain fatty acids, modifies the proliferation of normal and dysplastic skin cells in basal conditions, as well as under ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation. Using real-time analysis of normal and dysplastic human keratinocytes, we showed that sea-buckthorn seed oil stimulated the proliferation of dysplastic cells, while it also impaired the ability of both normal and dysplastic cells to migrate over a denuded area. Furthermore, UVA exposure increased the expression of CD36/SR-B2, a long-chain fatty acid translocator that is related to the metastatic behavior of tumor cells.

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Acylglycerol structure of mustard seed oil and of cardiac lipids of rats during dietary lipidosis

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1139/o79-175 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 57 (11) ◽

pp. 1315-1327 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. J. Myher ◽

A. Kuksis ◽

S. C. Vasdev ◽

K. J. Kako

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Positional Distribution ◽

Mustard Seed ◽

Gradual Change ◽

Glycerol Molecule ◽

Caloric Requirement ◽

Normal Rat ◽

Rat Tissue ◽

Long Chain

Stereospecific degradation and combined gas chromatographic – mass spectrometric (gc/ms) analysis were employed in a detailed investigation of the triacylglycerol structure of mustard seed oil and of the triacylglycerols transiently accumulating in the hearts of young rats receiving the oil in their diet. It was shown that feeding of mustard seed oil at 40% of the daily caloric requirement resulted in a deposition of cardiac triacylglycerols containing a high proportion of enantiomers of a positional distribution and molecular association of fatty acids which were closely similar to those found in the dietary oil. Complete structures were derived for a total of 88 species representing 75 to 85% of the triacylglycerols. About 90%, of the accumulated triacylglycerol contained at least one long-chain (C20–C22) monounsaturated fatty acid per molecule. The long-chain acids were confined mainly to the primary positions and preferentially to the sn-3-position of the glycerol molecule. The dietary lipidosis is, therefore, accompanied by little or no accumulation of the normal rat tissue triacylglycerols containing C16 and C18 fatty acids. It is suggested that the deposition and eventual clearance of the enantiomeric long-chain triacylglycerols in the rat heart during mustard seed oil feeding may be largely a result of a gradual change in specificity of the cardiac lipases.

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Insect fat in animal nutrition – a review

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Abdelbasset Benzertiha ◽

Bartosz Kierończyk ◽

Mateusz Rawski ◽

Zuzanna Mikołajczak ◽

Arkadiusz Urbański ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Feed Utilization ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Fat Supplementation ◽

Fat Quality ◽

Long Chain

AbstractThe aim of this review is to discuss the usage of insect fats as an energy source in animal nutrition. Insects are a rich carrier of proteins, fat, and minerals. They are successfully introduced in animal diets (poultry, swine, rabbits, fish, and pets) as a source of many nutrients, including energy and essential fatty acids (FAs). The insects’ fat content and quality are highly affected by the type of substrate provided to the insects during the rearing period. The majority of the studies have shown that insect fats may be used as promising substitutes for conventional energy resources in animal nutrition without adverse effects on growth performance and feed utilization. They can positively affect meat quality by increasing the level of long-chain polyunsaturated FAs but may also positively influence animals by regulating the gut microbiota and stimulating the immune system. In conclusion, insect fat supplementation showed promising results in terms of their application in animal nutrition. However, compared to insect protein application, very few studies have been performed on insect fats. Therefore, because of the fat quality and content of insects, there is a need to extend experimentation regarding their implementation in animals’ diets as a replacement for conventional dietary energy resources.

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Opposing effects of methylmercury and n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on adult rat brain essential fatty acids

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.543.13 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Margaret C Craig‐Schmidt ◽

Julie T Baker ◽

Carmen A Teodorescu ◽

M Christopher Newland

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Adult Rat ◽

Adult Rat Brain ◽

Opposing Effects ◽

Long Chain

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Essential Fatty Acids in the Fetal and Newborn Lamb

Australian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1071/bi9850033 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

MA Rajion ◽

JG McLean ◽

R NP Cahill

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Status ◽

Newborn Lamb ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Fetal Lamb ◽

Acid Status ◽

Low Levels ◽

Long Chain

The concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids and their metabolites in the liver, kidney, brain, erythrocytes and plasma of fetal lambs at various stages of gestation, and of newborn and 2-week-01d suckled lambs was determined. Throughout gestation the fetal tissues, erythrocytes and plasma all contained low levels of linoleic and linolenic acids together with consistently high levels of their long-chain polyunsaturated metabolites. The triene : tetraene (eicosa-5,8, 11-trienoic acid/arachidonic acid) ratio was always 0 . 4 or less except at birth when it reached 0 . 6 in liver and 0 . 9 in plasma. Milk intake significantly increased the linoleic and linolenic acid levels in the lamb by 2 weeks after birth. These results show that the developing fetal lamb should not be regarded as being deficient in essential fatty acids, as suggested by previous investigators. It is proposed that the total metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids are the most appropriate measure of the essential fatty acid status of the fetal lamb.

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Maternal adipose tissue, maternal and cord blood essential fatty acids and their long-chain polyunsaturated derivatives composition after elective caesarean section

Early Human Development ◽

10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.09.005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 83 (7) ◽

pp. 459-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elżbieta Pankiewicz ◽

Andrzej Cretti ◽

Elżbieta Ronin-Walknowska ◽

Maria-Beata Czeszyńska ◽

Halina Konefał ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Long Chain

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Study on Antioxidant Activities of Pinus armandi franch Seed Oil

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1294 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 1294-1301

Author(s):

Jian Xia Guo ◽

Chang Lu Wang ◽

Zhi Jian Wu

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Peroxide ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Total Fatty Acids ◽

Pharmaceutical Properties

Pinus armandi franch is a unique specialty plant in China and its seed oil contains high levels of essential fatty acids (EFA), particularly linoleic acid (LA), which has several pharmaceutical properties. Pinus armandi franch seed oil is a nice resource of linoleic acid with a content of 63% of the total fatty acids. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid, whose absence in a normal diet is responsible for the development of various abnormal disorders. This work reported purified LA from Pinus armandi franch seed oil could lower MDA content of lipid peroxidation on rats with hyperlipidemia significantly. TAC activity of liver, heart and serum was enhanced significantly, as well as SOD activity was increased. It demonstrated purified LA from Pinus armandi franch seed oil could improve antioxidant levels of hyperlipidemia rats effectively, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme and reduce the content of lipid peroxide, thereby improving lipid metabolism.

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