scholarly journals Viability of Quercetin-Induced Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Forming Living Cellular Constructs for Soft Tissue Augmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Hytham N. Fageeh ◽  
Shilpa Bhandi ◽  
Mohammed Mashyakhy ◽  
Ahmed Al Kahtani ◽  
Zahi Badran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Soft Tissue Augmentation ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Tissue Augmentation ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cell

Autogenous gingival grafts used for root coverage or gingival augmentation procedures often result in donor site morbidity. Living cellular constructs as an exogenous alternative have been proven to be associated with lower morbidity. With the available background information, the present study aims to assess if quercetin-induced living cell constructs, derived from dental pulp stem cells, have the potential to be applied as a tool for soft tissue augmentation. The characterized dental pulp stem cells (positive for CD73, CD90, and negative for CD34, HLA-DR) were expanded in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10 mM quercetin. The handling properties of the quercetin-induced dental pulp stem cell constructs were assessed by visual, and tactile sensation. A microscopic characterization using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and qRT-PCR-based analysis for stemness-associated genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and cMyc) was also performed. Dental pulp stem cells without quercetin administration were used as the control. Dental pulp stem cell constructs induced by quercetin easily detached from the surface of the plate, whereas there was no formation in the control cells. It was also simple to transfer the induced cellular construct on the flattened surface. Microscopic characterization of the constructs showed cells embedded in a tissue matrix. Quercetin also increased the expression of stemness-related genes. The use of quercetin-induced DPSC living constructs for soft tissue augmentation could provide an alternative to autogenous soft tissue grafts to lower patient morbidity and improve esthetic outcomes.

scholarly journals Bioprinting of three-dimensional dentin–pulp complex with local differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204173141984584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyeuk Han ◽  
Da Sol Kim ◽  
Ho Jang ◽  
Hyung-Ryong Kim ◽  
Hyun-Wook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cell

Numerous approaches have been introduced to regenerate artificial dental tissues. However, conventional approaches are limited when producing a construct with three-dimensional patient-specific shapes and compositions of heterogeneous dental tissue. In this research, bioprinting technology was applied to produce a three-dimensional dentin–pulp complex with patient-specific shapes by inducing localized differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells within a single structure. A fibrin-based bio-ink was designed for bioprinting with the human dental pulp stem cells. The effects of fibrinogen concentration within the bio-ink were investigated in terms of printability, human dental pulp stem cell compatibility, and differentiation. The results show that micro-patterns with human dental pulp stem cells could be achieved with more than 88% viability. Its odontogenic differentiation was also regulated according to the fibrinogen concentration. Based on these results, a dentin–pulp complex having patient-specific shape was produced by co-printing the human dental pulp stem cell–laden bio-inks with polycaprolactone, which is a bio-thermoplastic used for producing the overall shape. After culturing with differentiation medium for 15 days, localized differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in the outer region of the three-dimensional cellular construct was successfully achieved with localized mineralization. This result demonstrates the possibility to produce patient-specific composite tissues for tooth tissue engineering using three-dimensional bioprinting technology.

scholarly journals Macrophage modulation of dental pulp stem cell activity during tertiary dentinogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor C. M. Neves ◽  
Val Yianni ◽  
Paul T. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractThe interaction between immune cells and stem cells is important during tissue repair. Macrophages have been described as being crucial for limb regeneration and in certain circumstances have been shown to affect stem cell differentiation in vivo. Dentine is susceptible to damage as a result of caries, pulp infection and inflammation all of which are major problems in tooth restoration. Characterising the interplay between immune cells and stem cells is crucial to understand how to improve natural repair mechanisms. In this study, we used an in vivo damage model, associated with a macrophage and neutrophil depletion model to investigate the role of immune cells in reparative dentine formation. In addition, we investigated the effect of elevating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to understand how this might regulate macrophages and impact upon Wnt receiving pulp stem cells during repair. Our results show that macrophages are required for dental pulp stem cell activation and appropriate reparative dentine formation. In addition, pharmacological stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via GSK-3β inhibitor small molecules polarises macrophages to an anti-inflammatory state faster than inert calcium silicate-based materials thereby accelerating stem cell activation and repair. Wnt/β-catenin signalling thus has a dual role in promoting reparative dentine formation by activating pulp stem cells and promoting an anti-inflammatory macrophage response.

scholarly journals Injectable adipose tissue combined with stem cells for soft-tissue augmentation: A pilot study for dental applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Li-Ting Li ◽  
Kuang-Ta Yao ◽  
Shou-Cheng Teng ◽  
Tiffany P. Sun ◽  
Ching-Kuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Augmentation ◽  
Tissue Augmentation ◽  
Dental Applications

scholarly journals Characterization of Stable Hypoxia-Preconditioned Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Implication for Pulp Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zayed ◽  
Koichiro Iohara ◽  
Hideto Watanabe ◽  
Mami Ishikawa ◽  
Michiyo Tominaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Pulp Regeneration

Abstract Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been developed as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regeneration of dental pulp and other tissues. However, further strategies to isolate highly functional DPSCs beyond the colony-forming methods are required. Our clinical study has demonstrated safety and efficacy of DPSCs isolated by G-CSF-induced mobilization and cultured under normoxia (mobilized DPSCs, MDPSCs) for pulp regeneration. It is well known that the oxygen concentration is closely linked to the maintenance of stemness. Thus, in this investigation, hypoxia-preconditioned DPSCs (hpDPSCs) was characterized to develop and improve the clinical utility for regeneration of dental pulp in endodontics.Methods: Colony-forming DPSCs were isolated and preconditioned with hypoxia in a stable closed cultured system and compared with MDPSCs isolated from the individual dog teeth. We examined the proliferation rate, migration potential, anti-apoptotic activity and gene expression of the stem cell markers and angiogenic/neurotrophic factors. Trophic effects of the conditioned medium (CM) were also evaluated. In addition, the expression of immunomodulatory molecules upon stimulation with IFN-γ were investigated. The pulp regenerative potential and transplantation safety of hpDPSCs were further assessed in pulpectomized teeth in dogs by histological and immunohistochemical analyses and by chemistry of blood and urine. tests Results: hpDPSCs demonstrated higher proliferation rate and expression of a major regulator of oxygen homeostasis, HIF-1α, and a stem cell marker, CXCR-4. The direct migratory activity of hpDPSCs in response to G-CSF was significantly higher than MDPSCs. The CM of hpDPSCs stimulated neurite extension. However, there were no changes in angiogenic, migration and anti-apoptotic activities compared with the CM of MDPSCs. The expression of immunomodulatory gene, PTGE was significantly up-regulated by IFN gamma in hpDPSCs compared with MDPSCs. However, no difference in nitric oxide was observed. The regenerated pulp tissue was quantitatively and qualitatively similar in hpDPSC transplants compared with MDPSC transplants in dog teeth. There was no evidence of toxicity or adverse events of the hpDPSC transplantation Conclusions: These results demonstrated that hpDPSCs improved stem cell properties compared to MDPSCs, suggesting their potential clinical utility for pulp regeneration.

scholarly journals PD-1 is required to maintain stem cell properties in human dental pulp stem cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1350-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Liu ◽  
Huan Jing ◽  
Xiaoxing Kou ◽  
Chider Chen ◽  
Dawei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

scholarly journals Endothelial-Initiated Crosstalk Regulates Dental Pulp Stem Cell Self-Renewal

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1102-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oh ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
A. Mantesso ◽  
A.E. Oklejas ◽  
J.E. Nör
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Perivascular Niche ◽  
Stat3 Signaling

Interactions with the microenvironment modulate the fate of stem cells in perivascular niches in tissues (e.g., bone) and organs (e.g., liver). However, the functional relevance of the molecular crosstalk between endothelial cells and stem cells within the perivascular niche in dental pulps is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that endothelial cell–initiated signaling is necessary to maintain self-renewal of dental pulp stem cells. Confocal microscopy showed that ALDH1high and Bmi-1high stem cells are preferentially localized in close proximity to blood vessels in physiological human dental pulps. Secondary orosphere assays revealed that endothelial cell–derived factors (e.g., interleukin-6 [IL-6]) promote self-renewal of dental pulp stem cells cultured in low-attachment conditions. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that endothelial cell–derived IL-6 activates IL-6R (IL-6 Receptor) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and induces expression of Bmi-1 (master regulator of stem cell self-renewal) in dental pulp stem cells. Transplantation of dental pulp stem cells stably transduced with small hairpin RNA (shRNA)–STAT3 into immunodeficient mice revealed a decrease in the number of blood vessels surrounded by ALDH1high or Bmi-1high cells (perivascular niches) compared to tissues formed upon transplantation of vector control stem cells. And finally, in vitro capillary sprouting assays revealed that inhibition of IL-6 or STAT3 signaling decreases the vasculogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate that endothelial cell–derived IL-6 enhances the self-renewal of dental pulp stem cells via STAT3 signaling and induction of Bmi-1. These data suggest that a crosstalk between endothelial cells and stem cells within the perivascular niche is required for the maintenance of stem cell pools in dental pulps.

Stem Cell Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gronthos ◽  
J. Brahim ◽  
W. Li ◽  
L.W. Fisher ◽  
N. Cherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

scholarly journals Characterization of stable hypoxia-preconditioned dental pulp stem cells compared with mobilized dental pulp stem cells for application for pulp regenerative therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zayed ◽  
Koichiro Iohara ◽  
Hideto Watanabe ◽  
Mami Ishikawa ◽  
Michiyo Tominaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Pulp Regeneration ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility

Abstract Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been developed as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regeneration of dental pulp and other tissues. However, further strategies to isolate highly functional DPSCs beyond the colony-forming methods are required. We have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of DPSCs isolated by G-CSF-induced mobilization and cultured under normoxia (mobilized DPSCs, MDPSCs) for pulp regeneration. However, The device for isolation of MDPSCs, however, is not cost effective and requires prolonged cell culture period. It is well known that MSCs cultured under hypoxic-preconditions improved MSCs proliferation activity and stemness. Therefore, in this investigation, we attempted to improve the clinical utility of DPSCs by hypoxia-preconditioned DPSCs (hpDPSCs) compared with MDPSCs to improve the potential clinical utility for pulp regeneration in endodontic dentistry.Methods: Colony-forming DPSCs were isolated and preconditioned with hypoxia in a stable closed cultured system and compared with MDPSCs isolated from the individual dog teeth. We examined the proliferation rate, migration potential, anti-apoptotic activity and gene expression of the stem cell markers and angiogenic/neurotrophic factors. Trophic effects of the conditioned medium (CM) were also evaluated. In addition, the expression of immunomodulatory molecules upon stimulation with IFN-γ were investigated. The pulp regenerative potential and transplantation safety of hpDPSCs were further assessed in pulpectomized teeth in dogs by histological and immunohistochemical analyses and by chemistry of blood and urine tests. Results: hpDPSCs demonstrated higher proliferation rate and expression of a major regulator of oxygen homeostasis, HIF-1α, and a stem cell marker, CXCR-4. The direct migratory activity of hpDPSCs in response to G-CSF was significantly higher than MDPSCs. The CM of hpDPSCs stimulated neurite extension. However, there were no changes in angiogenic, migration and anti-apoptotic activities compared with the CM of MDPSCs. The expression of immunomodulatory gene, PTGE was significantly up-regulated by IFN gamma in hpDPSCs compared with MDPSCs. However, no difference in nitric oxide was observed. The regenerated pulp tissue was quantitatively and qualitatively similar in hpDPSC transplants compared with MDPSC transplants in dog teeth. There was no evidence of toxicity or adverse events of the hpDPSC transplantation. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the efficacy of hpDPSCs for pulp regeneration was identical, although hpDPSCs improved stem cell properties compared to MDPSCs, suggesting their potential clinical utility for pulp regeneration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document