scholarly journals Effect of Urban-Rural Income Gap on the Population Peri-Urbanization Rate in China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1255
Author(s):  
Bingyang Han ◽  
Zhili Ma ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
Yingchao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
National Level ◽  
Western China ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
The Impact

Attracted by the urban–rural income gap (URIG), a massive agricultural transfer population has flooded into cities and became a peri-urbanized population due to the restrictions of the household registration system. This trend eventually leads to the rising population peri-urbanization rate (PPUR), which is equal to the proportion of urban resident population with rural household registration in the total residents, and seriously affects the development of new-type people-oriented urbanization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of URIG on PPUR at the national and regional levels using the spatial exploration analysis and spatial Durbin model from the perspective of comparative economic interests. Empirical results revealed that PPUR had high spatial agglomeration, as indicated by high values in Eastern China and low values in Central and Western China. Moreover, the PPUR of most provinces in China was rising, dominated by intermediate values. At the national level, URIG promoted the increase of PPUR in the province, but inhibited the increase of PPUR in nearby provinces. Except for household registration, other control variables, such as industrial structure, fixed asset formation rate, infrastructure, medical resources and land-centered urbanization, also contributed to the PPUR in the province. At the regional level, the URIG of Central and Western China contributed to the increase of PPUR, whereas in Eastern China it inhibited the increase of PPUR. The strong correlation of URIG and PPUR calls for relevant policies for narrowing URIG and reducing PPUR.

scholarly journals Can Digital Inclusive Finance Narrow the Chinese Urban–Rural Income Gap? The Perspective of the Regional Urban–Rural Income Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6427
Author(s):  
Naishu Yu ◽  
Yanzhe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Western China ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Property Income ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Transfer Income ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wage Income

This paper empirically studies the impact of digital inclusive finance on the income structure of urban and rural residents in eastern, central, and western China. The results show that, first, digital inclusive finance is beneficial to narrowing the urban–rural per capita disposable income gap that has a disequilibrium effect among regions. Second, narrowing the wage income, property income, and transfer income gaps is beneficial but has little effect on the net operating income gap between urban and rural residents. Third, narrowing the wage income, property income, and transfer income gaps reduces the total income gap, and the wage income gap has the strongest intermediary force. In the end, the paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures for the development of digital inclusive finance to narrow each of these income gaps in different regions of China.

scholarly journals Does Fertilizer Use Intensity Respond to the Urban-Rural Income Gap? Evidence from a Dynamic Panel-Data Analysis in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Ruifa Hu
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the impact of the urban-rural income gap on fertilizer use intensity in China. A theoretical analysis of the relationship among per capita rural income, the urban-rural income gap, and fertilizer use intensity is developed, which is similar to the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Both the Theil index and urban-rural income ratio are employed to measure the urban-rural income gap using a provincial-level panel dataset covering 25 provincial-level administrative regions over the period 1995–2017. The estimation results of the system Generalized Method of Moments show that the expansion of the urban-rural income gap significantly increases fertilizer use intensity. While an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between fertilizer use intensity and per capita rural income, the peak turning point is much higher than the actual per capita rural income of all provinces in China. This demonstrates that fertilizer use intensity would further increase with the growth of rural income over a period of time. In addition, a lower growth rate of the agricultural product price, larger total sown size, and technological progress are likely to reduce fertilizer use intensity. This study has several important policy implications for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas in China. Specifically, efforts must be made to narrow the urban-rural income gap, encourage agricultural research and extension, and promote land conversion and appropriately scaled-up agricultural business.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of narrowing urban-rural income gap on carbon emission reduction and pollution control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259390
Author(s):  
Lujing Wang ◽  
Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

Over the past four decades, China have experienced rapid economic growth but also a widening urban-rural income gap and deteriorating air quality. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper investigates the effect of narrowing the urban-rural income gap on carbon emission reduction and pollution control by using OLS method. The empirical results indicate that: the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap has a positive impact on pollution control, while there are regional differences in the impact on carbon emission reduction. In the perspective of the whole country and central and western regions, the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap is conducive to carbon emission reduction. However, the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap increases carbon emissions in the eastern regions where economic development is at high level. This paper provides a theoretical basis and policy reference for promoting urban-rural integration and construction of ecological civilization.

scholarly journals Has Digital Financial Inclusion Narrowed the Urban-Rural Income Gap: The Role of Entrepreneurship in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8292
Author(s):  
Xuanming Ji ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
He Xu ◽  
Muchen Li
Keyword(s):  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Financing Channels ◽  
Financial Exclusion ◽  
New Development ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

The combination of digital technology and finance has brought about a new development model for financial inclusion. What impact will it have on the current imbalance in the distribution of financial resources and the urban-rural income gap in China? To answer this question, this paper uses relevant data from 2014–2018 to study the impact of digital inclusive finance on the urban-rural income gap from the theory of financial exclusion, and analyzes the transmission of digital inclusive finance through alleviating financial exclusion, widening financing channels and helping residents with entrepreneurial spirit to start their own businesses, thus increasing jobs, raising the income of rural residents and reducing the urban-rural income gap. The conclusions are as follows: (1) digital inclusive finance can significantly converge the urban-rural income gap; (2) among the dimensions of digital inclusive finance, only the breadth of coverage can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap, while the effects of depth of use and digitalization are not significant; (3) digital inclusive finance can alleviate the urban-rural income gap through the transmission mechanism of promoting residents’ entrepreneurship; (4) the worse the regional economic development and education, the better the effect of digital inclusive finance on the urban-rural income gap. This paper combines the above results to propose corresponding policy recommendations.

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