scholarly journals People and Post-Mining Environments: PPGIS Mapping of Landscape Values, Knowledge Needs, and Future Perspectives in Northern Finland

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Kivinen ◽  
Kaarina Vartiainen ◽  
Timo Kumpula
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mine Closure ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Spatially Explicit Data

Mining can have a notable environmental and social footprint both during the production phase and after the mine closure. We examined local stakeholders’ viewpoints on two post-mining areas in northern Finland, Hannukainen and Rautuvaara, using a public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) approach. Spatially explicit data on local residents’ and visitors’ values, knowledge needs, and future perspectives on mining landscapes were collected with an online map-based survey tool (Harava). The results show that post-mining sites were generally considered unpleasant places. A majority of respondents were of the opinion that areas would need better reclamation and landscaping measures. The landscape surrounding the post-mining sites contained a wide diversity of pleasant places with high nature and recreational value. Respondents addressed various environmental concerns related to the impacts of former mining activities on the quality of ground water and surface water, potential soil contamination, and the safety of natural products. Opinions on the planned mine reopening were strongly divided among the respondents. One of the key questions was whether a large open-pit mine and nature-based tourism can coexist in the same region. Our results highlight that “the shadow of the mine”—observed environmental impacts, uncertainties related to the spatial extent, duration, and magnitude of impacts, and knowledge gaps—can affect local stakeholders’ land use far outside the mining sites and long after the mine closure. Identifying and mapping stakeholder values, opinions, and knowledge needs could significantly improve post-mining land use planning and mitigate the loss of multifunctional landscapes.

Coal Policy Developments in the 1990s

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Mineral Sector ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
The Government

Taxation, reclamation, and land use planning will be the three most important coal policy issues in British Columbia over the rest of the decade. British Columbia has reduced its profit-based taxes twice in the last five years in response to falling revenues, an increasing nonprofit tax burden, and falling coal prices. British Columbia's reclamation policy is meant to ensure that a mining company pays for reclamation of its minesite when mining is completed. For the coal sector, reclamation standards, acceptable security instruments, and the level of public risk are key policy issues that governments will have to confront. British Columbia has developed a process to resolve contentious land use issues through forward planning and public consensus. The mineral sector must limit the loss of access to potential mining areas while the government pursues its goal of doubling the size of protected areas.

scholarly journals Utilizing coal remaining resources and post-mining land use planning based on GIS-based optimization method : study case at PT Adaro coal mine in South Kalimantan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Mohamad Anis ◽  
Arifudin Idrus ◽  
Hendra Amijaya ◽  
Subagyo Subagyo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Geological Conditions

Coal mining activities may cause a series of environmental and socio-economic issues in communities around the mining area. Mining can become an obstacle to environmental sustainability and a major hidden danger to the security of the local ecology. Therefore, the coal mining industry should follow some specific principles and factors in achieving sustainable development. These factors include geological conditions, land use, mining technology, environmental sustainability policies and government regulations, socio-economic factors, as well as sustainability optimization for post-mining land use. Resources of the remains of the coal which is defined as the last remaining condition of the resources and reserves of coal when the coal companies have already completed the life of the mine or the expiration of the licensing contract (in accordance with government permission). This research uses approch of knowledge-driven GIS based methods mainly Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy logic for utilizing coal remaining resources and post-mining land use planning. The mining area selected for this study belongs to a PKP2B (Work Agreement for Coal Mining) company named Adaro Indonesia (PT Adaro). The result shows that geologically the existing formation is dominated by Coal Bearing Formation (Warukin Formation) which allows the presence of remains coal resource potential after the lifetime of mine, and the suitability of rubber plantation for the optimization of land use in all mining sites and also in some disposal places in conservation areas and protected forests.

El Tren Maya: un escenario de conflictividad socioambiental en el posneoliberalismo mexicano

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Aida Luz López Gómez ◽  
Janeth Leonor Alfaro Andrade ◽  
Arlem Islas Barrios ◽  
Josué Daniel Alemán Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Territorial Defense ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Planning Project ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Local Stakeholders

Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s government in Mexico is self-denominated as a «postneoliberal» and «leftist» regime. However, its core strategic projects clearly belong to the former mainstream of extractivist and neocolonial geopolitics which tend to generate socioenvironmental conflicts and territorial defense by local stakeholders. This paper, as a result of interdisciplinary research carried out by the Intercolegial Research Group on Political Ecology of Mexico City’s Autonomous University, address the Maya Train case, a land-use planning project that promotes predator extractivist capital advance towards relatively isolated territories, even protected by environmental laws. It is also described the Consejo Regional Indígena y Popular de Xpujil’s (CRIPX’s) resistance as a clear demonstration of «ecologism of the poor» and the global environmental justice movement.

scholarly journals Object-Oriented Open-Pit Mine Mapping Using Gaofen-2 Satellite Image and Convolutional Neural Network, for the Yuzhou City, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3895
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Naixun Hu ◽  
Ruiqing Niu ◽  
Na Zhen ◽  
Antonio Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Object Feature

Our society’s growing need for mineral resources brings with it the associated risk of degrading our natural environment as well as impacting on neighboring communities. To better manage this risk, especially for open-pit mine (OM) operations, new earth observation tools are required for more accurate baseline mapping and subsequent monitoring. The purpose of this paper is to propose an object-oriented open-pit mine mapping (OOMM) framework from Gaofen-2 (GF-2) high-spatial resolution satellite image (HSRSI), based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). To better present the different land use categories (LUCs) in the OM area, a minimum heterogeneity criterion-based multi-scale segmentation method was used, while a mean area ratio method was applied to optimize the segmentation scale of each LUC. After image segmentation, three object-feature domains were obtained based on the GF-2 HSRSI: spectral, texture, and geometric features. Then, the gradient boosting decision tree and Pearson correlation coefficient were used as an object feature information reduction (FIR) method to recognize the distinguishing feature that describe open-pit mines (OMs). Finally, the CNN was used by combing the significant features to map the OM. In total, 105 OM sites were extracted from the interpretation of GF-2 HSRSIs and the boundary of each OM was validated by field work and used as inputs to evaluate the open-pit mine mapping (OMM) accuracy. The results revealed that: (1) the FIR tool made a positive impact on effective OMM; (2) by splitting the segmented objects into two groups, training and testing sets which are composed of 70% of the objects, and validation sets which are formed by the remaining 30% of the objects, then combing the selected feature subsets for training to achieve an overall accuracy (OA) of 90.13% and a Kappa coefficient (KC) of 0.88 of the whole datasets; (3) comparing the results of the state-of-the-art method, support vector machine (SVM), in OMM, the proposed framework outperformed SVM by more than 7.28% in OA, 8.64% in KC, 6.15% in producer accuracy of OM and by 9.31% in user accuracy of OM. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that OM information has been used through the integration of multiscale segmentation of HSRSI with the CNN to get OMM results. The proposed framework can not only provide reliable technical support for the scientific management and environmental monitoring of open pit mining areas, but also be of wide generality and be applicable to other kinds of land use mapping in mining areas using HSR images.

scholarly journals The dynamics of landscape pattern changes in mining areas: The case study of the Adamów-Koźmin Lignite Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Fagiewicz ◽  
Damian Łowicki
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Land Use Types

Abstract Mining belongs to the types of human activity that have a significant impact on the environment, and especially on the landscape. The main objective of this study is a quantitative diagnosis of the dynamics of land use changes and landscape pattern modification in areas shaped under the influence of processes related to the open pit exploitation of lignite. The study was carried out in the Adamów-Koźmin Lignite Basin, which is a model example of an area affected by strong anthropogenic pressure. An assessment of changes was carried out using a set of maps depicting land use in the period preceding the exploitation of lignite (the year 1940) and after over 60 years of the mining activity in this area (as of 2011). The source materials for mapping for the first period were archival maps and for the second period, an orthophotomap. The heads-up digitising method was used to determine 7 types of land-cover classes according to the definitions of Corine Land Cover. Ten landscape metrics for five categories of landscape features (surface, shape, neighbourhood, edge, spatial distribution and diversity) were used in the landscape pattern analysis. The results do not confirm the hypothesis of a significant landscape simplification after reclamation. The shape of patches in the landscape was more complex and the number of land-use types was higher, which combined with their spatial arrangement, caused the landscape pattern to be more diversified in the year 2011.

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