scholarly journals AlxIn1−xN on Si (100) Solar Cells (x = 0–0.56) Deposited by RF Sputtering

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirona Valdueza-Felip ◽  
Rodrigo Blasco ◽  
Javier Olea ◽  
Alba Díaz-Lobo ◽  
Alejandro F. Braña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Al Content

We investigate the photovoltaic performance of solar cells based on n-AlxIn1−xN (x = 0–0.56) on p-Si (100) hetero-junctions deposited by radio frequency sputtering. The AlxIn1−xN layers own an optical bandgap absorption edge tuneable from 1.73 eV to 2.56 eV within the Al content range. This increase of Al content results in more resistive layers (≈10−4–1 Ω·cm) while the residual carrier concentration drops from ~1021 to ~1019 cm−3. As a result, the top n-contact resistance varies from ≈10−1 to 1 MΩ for InN to Al0.56In0.44N-based devices, respectively. Best results are obtained for devices with 28% Al that exhibit a broad external quantum efficiency covering the full solar spectrum with a maximum of 80% at 750 nm, an open-circuit voltage of 0.39 V, a short-circuit current density of 17.1 mA/cm2 and a conversion efficiency of 2.12% under air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5G) illumination (1 sun), rendering them promising for novel low-cost III-nitride on Si photovoltaic devices. For Al contents above 28%, the electrical performance of the structures lessens due to the high top-contact resistivity.

scholarly journals Direct AFM-based nanoscale mapping and tomography of open-circuit voltages for photovoltaics

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1802-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Atamanuk ◽  
Justin Luria ◽  
Bryan D Huey
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Individual Grains

The nanoscale optoelectronic properties of materials can be especially important for polycrystalline photovoltaics including many sensor and solar cell designs. For thin film solar cells such as CdTe, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are especially critical performance indicators, often varying between and even within individual grains. A new method for directly mapping the open-circuit voltage leverages photo-conducting AFM, along with an additional proportional-integral-derivative feedback loop configured to maintain open-circuit conditions while scanning. Alternating with short-circuit current mapping efficiently provides complementary insight into the highly microstructurally sensitive local and ensemble photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, direct open-circuit voltage mapping is compatible with tomographic AFM, which additionally leverages gradual nanoscale milling by the AFM probe essentially for serial sectioning. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional results for CdTe solar cells during in situ illumination reveal local to mesoscale contributions to PV performance based on the order of magnitude variations in photovoltaic properties with distinct grains, at grain boundaries, and for sub-granular planar defects.

scholarly journals Benzothiadiazole Based Cascade Material to Boost the Performance of Inverted Ternary Organic Solar Cells

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miron Krassas ◽  
Christos Polyzoidis ◽  
Pavlos Tzourmpakis ◽  
Dimitriοs M. Kosmidis ◽  
George Viskadouros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Fused Ring ◽  
Electron Cascade ◽  
First Time

A conjugated, ladder-type multi-fused ring 4,7-dithienbenzothiadiazole:thiophene derivative, named as compound ‘T’, was for the first time incorporated, within the PTB7:PC71BM photoactive layer for inverted ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) realization. The effective energy level offset caused by compound T between the polymeric donor and fullerene acceptor materials, as well as its resulting potential as electron cascade material contribute to an enhanced exciton dissociation, electron transfer facilitator and thus improved overall photovoltaic performance. The engineering optimization of the inverted TOSC, ITO/PFN/PTB7:Compound T(5% v/v):PC71BM/MoO3/Al, resulted in an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.34%, with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.75 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.74 V and a fill factor (FF) of 68.1%, under AM1.5G illumination. This photovoltaic performance was improved by approximately 12% with respect to the control binary device.

scholarly journals A Quarterthiophene-Based Dye as an Efficient Interface Modifier for Hybrid Titanium Dioxide/Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) Solar Cells

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Pirashanthan ◽  
Thanihaichelvan Murugathas ◽  
Neil Robertson ◽  
Punniamoorthy Ravirajan ◽  
Dhayalan Velauthapillai
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Absorption Data

This work focused on studying the influence of dyes, including a thiophene derivative dye with a cyanoacrylic acid group ((E)-2-cyano-3-(3′,3′′,3′′′-trihexyl-[2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′- quaterthiophene]-5-yl) acrylicacid)(4T), on the photovoltaic performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT) solar cells. The insertion of dye at the interface improved the efficiency regardless of the dye used. However, 4T dye significantly improved the efficiency by a factor of three when compared to the corresponding control. This improvement is mainly due to an increase in short circuit current density (JSC), which is consistent with higher hole-mobility reported in TiO2/P3HT nanocomposite with 4T dye. Optical absorption data further revealed that 4T extended the spectral response of the TiO2/P3HT nanocomposite, which could also enhance the JSC. The reduced dark current upon dye insertion ensured the carrier recombination was controlled at the interface. This, in turn, increased the open circuit voltage. An optimized hybrid TiO2/P3HT device with 4T dye as an interface modifier showed an average efficiency of over 2% under-simulated irradiation of 100 mWcm−2 (1 sun) with an Air Mass 1.5 filter.

HYBRID ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS BLENDED WITH CNTs

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550072
Author(s):  
SUDIP ADHIKARI ◽  
HIDEO UCHIDA ◽  
MASAYOSHI UMENO
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Device ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Walled Cnts

In this paper, composite carbon nanotubes (C-CNTs); single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) are synthesized using an ultrasonic nebulizer in a large quartz tube for photovoltaic device fabrication in poly-3-octyl-thiophene (P3OT)/ n - Si heterojunction solar cells. We found that the device fabricated with C-CNTs shows much better photovoltaic performance than that of a device without C-CNTs. The device with C-CNTs shows open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.454 V, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.792 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 0.361 and power conversion efficiency of 2.098 %. Here, we proposed that SWCNTs and MWCNTs provide efficient percolation paths for both electron and hole transportation to opposite electrodes and leading to the suppression of charge carrier recombination, thereby increasing the photovoltaic device performance.

Fabrication of Core-Shell Structured TiO2/MgO Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karuppuchamy ◽  
C. Brundha
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
The Core ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

We demonstrated the construction and performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) based on nanoparticles of TiO2coated with thin shells of MgO by simple solution growth technique. The XRD patterns confirm the presence of both TiO2and MgO in the core-shell structure. The effect of varied shell thickness on the photovoltaic performance of the core-shell structured electrode is also investigated. We found that MgO shells of all thicknesses perform as barriers that improve open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the DSCs only at the expense of a larger decrease in short-circuit current density (Jsc). The energy conversion efficiency was greatly dependent on the thickness of MgO on TiO2film, and the highest efficiency of 4.1% was achieved at the optimum MgO shell layer.

scholarly journals Improving the Morphology of the Perovskite Absorber Layer in Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Halide Perovskite MAPbI3 Solar Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Ogundana ◽  
S. Y. Foo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Large Variability

Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent power conversion efficiency, low cost, simple fabrications, and high photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the perovskite solar cells are lightweight and possess thin film and semitransparency. However, the nonuniformity in perovskite layer constitutes a major setback to the operation mechanism, performance, reproducibility, and degradation of perovskite solar cells. Therefore, one of the main challenges in planar perovskite devices is the fabrication of high quality films with controlled morphology and least amount of pin-holes for high performance thin film perovskite devices. The poor reproducibility in perovskite solar cells hinders the accurate fabrication of practical devices for use in real world applications, and this is primarily as a result of the inability to control the morphology of perovskites, leading to large variability in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells. Hence, the focus of research in perovskites has been mostly geared towards improving the morphology and crystallization of perovskite absorber by selecting the optimal annealing condition considering the effect of humidity. Here we report a controlled ambient condition that is necessary to grow uniform perovskite crystals. A best PCE of 7.5% was achieved along with a short-circuit current density of 15.2 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.81 V, and a fill factor of 0.612 from the perovskite solar cell prepared under 60% relative humidity.

Simultaneous improvement of three parameters using a binary processing solvent system approach in as-cast non-fullerene solar cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (45) ◽  
pp. 25978-25984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoming Qin ◽  
Lianjie Zhang ◽  
Dong Yuan ◽  
Haiying Jiang ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Binary Solvent

A binary solvent approach simultaneously improves the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor, and finally elevates the as-cast photovoltaic performance.

scholarly journals ABX3 inorganic halide perovskites for solar cells: chemical and crystal structure stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Moisés Díaz-Acosta ◽  
Antonia Martínez-Luévanos ◽  
Sofía Estrada-Flores ◽  
Lucia Fabiola Cano-Salazar ◽  
Elsa Nadia Aguilera-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Halide Perovskite

ABSTRACT Solar energy is one of the most promising and developed technologies in recent years, due to its high efficiency and low cost. Perovskite-type solar cells have been the focus of attention by the world scientific community. The main objective of this article is to present an (PSCs) analysis of the various investigations reported on the development of ABX3 inorganic halide perovskite-based solar cells, with emphasis in the effect that temperature and humidity have on their chemical and crystal structure stability. The main methods that are used to obtain ABX3 inorganic halide perovskites are also presented and analyzed. An analysis about the structure of these photovoltaic cells and how to improve their efficiency (PCS), fill factor (FF), short circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of these devices is presented. As a conclusion, a relationship of the methods, synthesis variables, and type of inorganic halide perovskite used for the development of devices with the best efficiencies is presented; the trends towards which this area of science is heading are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Efficiency limits in photovoltaics: Case of single junction solar cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Jost ◽  
Marko Topic
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Limiting Efficiency

The conversion efficiency of solar energy into electrical energy is the most important parameter when discussing solar cells, photovoltaic (PV) modules or PV power plants. So far many papers have been written to address the limiting efficiency of solar cells, the theoretical maximum conversion efficiency an ideal solar cell could achieve. However, most of the researches modelled sun?s spectrum as a blackbody which does not represent a realistic case. In this paper we have calculated the limiting efficiency as a function of absorbers band gap at standard test conditions using the solar spectrum AM1.5. In addition, the other key solar cells performance parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density and fill factor) are evaluated while the intrinsic losses in the solar cells are also explained and presented in light of a cell temperature.

scholarly journals Chosen Aspects Of Investigations Of Solar Cells With The Laser Beam Induced Current Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bartłomiej Chrobak ◽  
Wiesław Ryszard Madej ◽  
Mirosław Andrzej Maliński
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Spectral Dependence ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Induced Current ◽  
Crystal Silicon

Abstract This paper presents maps of spatial distributions of the short circuit current Isc(x,y) and the open circuit voltage Uoc(x,y) of the investigated low cost solar cells. Visible differences in values of these parameters were explained by differences in the serial and shunt resistances determined for different points of solar cells from measurements of I–V characteristics. The spectral dependence of the photo voltage of solar cell is also shown, discussed and interpreted in the model of amorphous and crystal silicon.

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