scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Study on the PG-7VM Warhead Performance against High-Hardness Armor Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3020
Author(s):  
Paweł Żochowski ◽  
Radosław Warchoł ◽  
Maciej Miszczak ◽  
Marcin Nita ◽  
Zygmunt Pankowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

Analyses presented in the article were carried out in order to characterize the main parameters of the shaped charge jet formed due to detonation of the PG-7VM warhead. As opposed to the previously published studies in which rolled homogeneous armored steel was mainly used as a target, in the current work the warhead penetration capability was determined against more contemporary high-hardness (500 HB) ARMSTAL 30PM steel armor with precisely determined mechanical properties. The research included experimental depth of penetration tests and their numerical reproduction in the LS-Dyna software. Special attention was paid to factors that could perturbate the shaped charge jet formation process and under- or overestimate its penetration capability. For this reason, warheads were X-ray inspected for structural discrepancies (voids or air inclusions in explosive, misalignment between the body, explosive, and liner, or lack of contact between the explosive and the liner) and properties of materials (explosive, targets, and most important warhead components) were analyzed before the experiments. The numerical model of the warhead was defined more accurately than in previously published studies, since it was based on the real grenade dimensions and its technical documentation. Thanks to this, the depth of penetration of the target made of ARMSTAL 30PM armored steel plates by the shaped charge jet formed from the PG-7VM warhead obtained by numerical simulation was consistent with the experimental results and equaled 278 mm and 280 mm, respectively. The difference between the experimental and numerical value was smaller than 1%, which confirms that the developed methodology of modeling allows users to properly reproduce the PG-7VM shaped charge jet formation and target penetration processes. A verified numerical model of the shaped charge jet penetration into a steel target was used to determine depth of penetration in function of stand-off distance for the PG-7VM warhead. A maximum depth of penetration of about 317 mm was obtained for the stand-off distance of 360 mm, which may indicate the potential direction of modernization of warheads.

Towards a Better Understanding of Shaped Charge Jet Formation and Penetration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Price ◽  
Ernest J. Harris ◽  
Frances G. Daykin
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Data Reproducibility ◽  
Technology Demonstrator

Abstract JeMMA, a set of relatively simple shaped-charge devices, has been designed in order to generate suitable data on jet formation, break-up and penetration for code validation purposes. The JeMMA Phase 1 device incorporated a copper liner and six of these shaped charges were manufactured as a technology demonstrator and fired in a special shaped charge facility in December 2016. The radiographic results obtained from the JeMMA Phase 1 and 2 devices, along with data reproducibility between trials, was excellent. This report gives an overview of the Phase 1 and 2 trials, including device design, the results of the firings conducted in Switzerland and details of the subsequent 2D and 3D hydrocode modelling carried out at AWE. The agreement between the data and both 2D and 3D modelling of the experiments is very pleasing, but highlights where further work is required. These JeMMA experiments will enhance the body of relevant data required to provide the validation of the hydrocode materials and modelling methodologies and enable us to better model the jetting threats of our experiments and have higher confidence in the results of the modelling.

Effect of fragment impact on shaped charge jet formation and penetration into steel target

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Hafizoglu ◽  
Huseyin Emrah Konokman ◽  
Latif Kesemen ◽  
Ali Kursat Atay
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Target Plate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effects of fragment impacts to shaped charge warheads in terms of shaped charge jet formation geometries and penetration performances. Design/methodology/approach In experimental process, a fragment was accelerated to a shaped charge warhead by means of a powder gun to a velocity more than 1,000 m/s, and this impact led to conical damage in the explosive of the warhead. Deformation on the warhead was visualized using X-ray technique to observe holes generated during fragment impact. Penetration test was performed against AISI 1040 steel plates with the damaged shaped charge warhead. Penetration performance of shaped charge jet, which deviated from the symmetry axis, was simulated by using SPEED software with 3-D Eulerian method to validate the numerical modelling method by comparing penetration test and simulation results of damaged warhead. Findings Simulation and test results showed good correlation for the warhead in terms of penetration depth and hole geometry at the impact surface of steel plates. In addition, the effects of the numbers and the geometries of fragment holes on shaped charge jet penetration performances were investigated with validated numerical methods. Simulation results showed that the increase in the number of fragment holes in the explosive of the warhead led to particulation of shaped charge jet that diminished penetration depth in the target plate. Additionally, simulation results also showed that the fragment hole geometry in the explosive after different fragment impact angles affected the amount of jet deviation from the symmetry axis as well as penetration depth in the target plate. Practical implications The results obtained from the current study revealed that fragment impact angle and different number of fragment impact reduced the penetration performance of shaped charge warhead by influencing the symmetry of shaped charge jet negatively. Originality/value The current study fulfils the need to investigate how fragment impact on the shaped charge warhead affect the formation symmetry of shaped charge jet as well as penetration performance by experimental and numerical methods. Penetration performance result of asymmetric jet is compared by experimental and numerical studies. A detailed methodology on numerically modelling of the effect of fragment impact angle and number of fragment impact on shaped charge jet performance is given in this study.

Effect of liner material and explosive type on penetration effectiveness of shaped charge

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 1375-1383
Author(s):  
S Zaki ◽  
Emad Uddin ◽  
B Rashid ◽  
A Mubashar ◽  
Samiur R Shah
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
Numerical Finite Element ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
The Given

Shaped charges are used in many civilian and military applications. This study focuses on the effects of liner material and the type of explosive on the development of shaped charge jet. This was carried out by experimentation and numerical finite element-based modelling. Shaped charges were tested on a steel plate during the experimentation and the experimental data were used to validate the developed numerical model of the shaped charge. A hydrocode-based finite element model was able to predict the perforation and jet formation for the shaped charge, as well as the characteristics of the holes formed in the target plate. Several variations of the numerical model with the change of liner material and the filled explosive showed that the higher explosive resulted in higher velocity jet. The jet formation and velocity of jet were compared to determine the better performing combination of the material and explosive for the given shaped charge geometry. The underlying mechanisms were discussed in detail and compared with the previous studies.

Numerical Study of Shaped Charge Jet Formation and Penetration into Multi-Layer with Different Liner Material

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Long Kang ◽  
Jian Wei Jiang ◽  
Shu You Wang ◽  
Jian Bing Men
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
Tip Velocity ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper investigates the penetration performance of shaped charge against multi-layer target. A titanium alloy liner of shaped charge is proposed in order to obtain large perforated hole. Jet formation and penetrating into multi-layer target was calculated by hydro code AUTODYN. For different liner material include titanium alloy, mild steel and Cu, the explosion energy conversion, jet tip velocity and jet length, also the penetration performance are studied. It is found that the kinetic energy of jet is larger and the shape of jet is podgier when the liner material is titanium alloy, the perforated hole diameter on multi-layer improved 20% compare with the mild steel and Cu liner, the numerical simulation is good agreement to experimental results.

Autodyn-2D Simulation of Shaped Charge Jet Formation and Penetration Mechanism into Multi-Layered Shielded Target

2014 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Kamal Guendouz ◽  
Ayoub Sayhi ◽  
Wang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
2D Simulation ◽  
Jet Breakup ◽  
Jet Penetration ◽  
Jet Velocity ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

In this work, the shaped charge jet formation depends on different parameters which can has effect on jet behavior such as jet velocity, breakup and penetration. Jet radius or liner thickness, shell thickness, liner material density, α angle and stand-off distance are evaluated in purpose to investigate their effect on performance of shaped charge jet velocity and jet breakup phenomena, also we investigate the effect of stand-off distance on shaped charge jet penetration into steel target. We also studied the performance of some protective shields materials in order to assure more protection for vehicle structure against shaped charge jet penetration. For that, different materials were used as armors such as: kevlar epoxy, polyethylene, glass epoxy, steel-1006 and Al2O3 ceramic. These protective shields were evaluated in order to show their performance against shaped charge penetration into target. To do so, adopted explicit dynamic analyzing program Autodyn basing on finite element were used to simulate shaped charge jet formation and penetration. Autodyn-2D simulationshighlight the efficiency of our work comparing with the experiments done in literature and Birkhoff’s theory. In other terms, increasing in shell thickness, alpha angle and liner densityenhance jet breakup time, protective shields layered armor of steel-1006, steel 1006 with polyethylene and steel-1006 with Al2O3ceramic give more protection for structure against shaped charge jet penetration comparing with others armors.

scholarly journals Study on Penetration Performance of Rear Shaped Charge Warhead

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6526
Author(s):  
Yanan Du ◽  
Guanglin He ◽  
Yukuan Liu ◽  
Zhaoxuan Guo ◽  
Zenghui Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Target Plate ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Steel Target ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
Control Cabin

In guided munitions, the shaped charge jet (SCJ) warhead is located behind the simulation compartment (including the control cabin, the steering gear cabin, and the guidance cabin). Therefore, the order of penetration of the SCJ is the simulation cabin and the target. To study the penetration performance of the SCJ to the target plate, the numerical simulation method is used to study the penetration performance of the designed warhead for the steel target at different standoffs, and the depth of penetration (DOP) at the best standoff is obtained, that is, the DOP of the steel target is about 128 mm. Additionally, the penetration performance of the SCJ warhead to target is studied by numerical simulation and experimental verification. Numerical simulation and experimental results show that the DOP of the SCJ warhead to the steel target is 50 mm without the simulation cabin, and about 30 mm with the simulation cabin. The results show that the penetration performance of SCJ is greatly weakened under the condition of non-optimal standoff, but the rear shaped charge warhead still has a strong penetration performance after completing the penetration of the simulated cabin.

Instability of a Conical Liner during Shaped-Charge Jet Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Pai ◽  
V. M. Titov ◽  
Ya. L. Luk’yanov ◽  
A. V. Plastinin
Keyword(s):  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet
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