The Analysis of Erosive Wear Resistance of WC-Co Carbides Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

WC-Co (tungsten carbide-cobalt) composites are widely used in industry, wear-resistant parts, and cutting tools. As successful tool materials, WC-Co carbides are widely applied in metal cutting, wear applications, chipless forming, stoneworking, wood, and plastic working. These materials are exposed to severe solid particle erosion by sand particles, such as in the wood industry. During the production of furniture with HDF (High Density Fibreboard), MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard), or OSB (Oriented Strand Board), there are observed problems with tool erosion. Contamination, mainly of the HDF by sand, is quite often, which is why all tools used for the machining of such materials are exposed to erosion by sand particles. Although many studies have been performed on the erosion of various metals, and erosion models exist to predict their erosion behavior, the issue is still relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of grain size (submicron, ultrafine) and the manufacturing technology (SPS—Spark Plasma Sintering, conventional) used on the erosive properties of WC-Co sintered carbides. Sinters produced by the SPS method with different sizes of WC grains and commercial samples were used for the tests. Ten two-hour cycles were carried out under medium conditions of quartz sand and quartz sand with 10% SiC added. Used samples were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and roughness was determined. Furthermore, erosion studies allowed individuating a wear mechanism as well as the possibility to foresee cutting performance in prospective application.

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Longer-lasting Al2 O3 -SiCw -TiC cutting tools obtained by spark plasma sintering

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology ◽

10.1111/ijac.12647 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 367-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carlos F Gutiérrez-González ◽

Serghei Pozhidaev ◽

Sergio Rivera ◽

Pavel Peretyagin ◽

Washington Solís ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma

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Development and Processing of SiAlON Nano-Ceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.89.63 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 89 ◽

pp. 63-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abbas Saeed Hakeem ◽

Raja Muhammad Awais Khan ◽

Moath Mohammad Al-Malki ◽

Faheemuddin Patel ◽

Akolade Idris Bakare ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Drilling Tool ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Synthesis Routes ◽

Microstructure Density ◽

The Cost

The development of SiAlON-based ceramics has shown great impact in the field of cutting/drilling tool industry and other engineering applications. It is highly desirable to cut-down the cost of the cutting tools by increasing their service lifetime. Potential ways to improve tool life is by preparing these SiAlON-based ceramics adopting non-conventional synthesis routes and by using different precursors. The present study reports the results of synthesis of SiAlON-based nano-ceramics via spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Generally, metal nitride and metal oxide precursors are used for synthesizing self-reinforced SiAlON ceramics. In this work, nano-sized metallic precursors including amorphous-Si3N4 and crystalline β-Si3N4, SiO2, AlN and Al2O3 were used, which could be a novel way to synthesize SiAlONs at low temperatures with enhanced performance. The properties of these SiAlONs are tailored by optimizing the synthesis parameters. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy to study the effect of processing parameters on microstructure, density and hardness.

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Ceramics based on concrete wastes prepared by spark plasma sintering

Processing and Application of Ceramics ◽

10.2298/pac2101100a ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 100-109

Author(s):

Mohammed Abass ◽

Yasuyuki Kanda

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Liquid Phase Sintering ◽

Recycled Concrete ◽

Raw Material ◽

Recycled Aggregate ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Sand Particles

An effective utilization technique is required to recycle fine aggregate in concrete waste because the presence of residual waste cement reduces the quality of the recycled concrete. In this study, recycled aggregate powder (RAP) was prepared by milling Okinawan concrete waste and developing a ceramic compact with high flexural strength using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The RAP raw material consisted mainly of calcite and quartz. The densification gradient of the sintered compact was uniform during sintering at 1123-1273K. At 1273K sintering temperature, Vickers hardness (HV) obtained a maximum of 393 along with 78.9MPa maximum flexural strength, which exceeded the porcelain stoneware tile ISO 13006 standards. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) element analysis suggested that the inner structure constituted unmelted silica-rich sand particles and melted calcium-rich particles containing waste cement and fine aggregate with limestone. Therefore, it can be concluded that SPS progressed by the liquid-phase sintering phenomenon between sand particles and calcium-rich particles, which contributed to flexural strength and modulus improvement.

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Spark Plasma Sintering Behavior of Fe-TiC Composite Materials Fabricated by Mechanical Alloying

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.825 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 544-545 ◽

pp. 825-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ho Jung Cho ◽

Sung Yeal Bae ◽

In Shup Ahn ◽

Dong Kyu Park

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Mechanical Alloying ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

High Hardness ◽

Sintering Behavior ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Sintering Properties

TiC-based cermets attract much attention because of their excellent wear-resistance, high hardness at high temperature, good chemical stability, superior thermal deformation resistance. Therefore, titanium carbide is mainly used for cutting tools, grinding wheels, coated cutting tips and coated steel tools. In this research, Fe-TiC composite materials were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) after mechanical alloying. TiH2 and graphite powders were used to synthesize TiC phase. In order to compare the properties of sintered materials using mixture powder (D’AE+TiH2+graphite), commercial TiC powder was mixed with Distaloy AE (D’AE) powder as a same mechanical alloying method. Then, the shape of each mixture powder (D’AE+TiH2+graphite, D’AE+TiC (commercial)) and sintering properties were compared. TiC phase was synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction during spark plasma sintering. It was confirmed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to observe shape of mixture powders and also sintering properties were examined such as hardness, relative density. In case of sintered material for 10min holding time at 1373K after mechanical alloying for 1 hour with D’AE, TiH2 and graphite, it indicated higher hardness value 49HR-C than a case using D’AE and TiC powder.

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Fabrication of Titanium Carbonitride Based Cermets by Microwave and Spark Plasma Sintering

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.589-590.567 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 589-590 ◽

pp. 567-571

Author(s):

Si Wen Tang ◽

De Shun Liu ◽

Peng Nan Li ◽

Wen Bo Tang ◽

Xin Yi Qiu

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Microwave Sintering ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

Titanium Carbonitride ◽

Sintering Time ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Save Energy

Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) based cermets are important cutting tools materials. Fabrication of the material is time and cost consuming process for the traditional sintering. In this paper, TiCN based cermets were prepared by using microwave sintering and spark plasma sintering compare to traditional sintering, and the microstructures and properties were investigated. The results show that microwave sintering and the spark plasma sintering can obtain similar properties with traditional sintering with shorter sintering time, this will greatly save energy. The strength and hardness of TiCN based cermets sintered by microwave sintering is 1136Mpa and HRA87, respectively. Microwave wave sintering can obtain finer grain than traditional sintering, and spark plasma sintering have the finest grain, which is in the range of 0.3μm~0.5μm. Due to the present of big pores, the bulk of spark plasma sintering has the lowest bending strength.

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Progress of Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) Method, Systems, Ceramics Applications and Industrialization

Ceramics ◽

10.3390/ceramics4020014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 160-198

Author(s):

Masao Tokita

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Method Development ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Material Research ◽

Fifth Generation ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Product Manufacturing ◽

Optics Industry

The spark plasma sintering (SPS) method is of great interest to the powder and powder metallurgy industry and material researchers of academia for both product manufacturing and advanced material research and development. Today in Japan, a number of SPS products for different industries have already been realized. Today’s fifth-generation SPS systems are capable of producing parts of increasing size, offering improved functionality, reproducibility, productivity, and cost. For instance, pure nano-Tungsten Carbide WC powder (no additives) is fully densified with a nano-grain-sized structure for glass lens application in the optics industry. The SPS is now moving from scientific academia and/or R&D proto-type materials level usage to practical industry use product stage utilizing in the field of electronics, automotive, mold and die, cutting tools, fine ceramics, clean energy, biomaterials industries, and others. This paper reviews and introduces the peculiar phenomenon of SPS and the progress of SPS technology, method, development of SPS systems, and its industrial product applications.

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